We show that if $(X,\Vert \cdot \Vert )$ is a Banach space that admits an equivalent locally uniformly rotund norm and the set of all norm-attaining functionals is residual then the dual norm $\Vert \cdot \Vert ^{\ast }$ on $X^{\ast }$ is Fréchet at the points of a dense subset of $X^{\ast }$. This answers the main open problem in a paper by Guirao, Montesinos and Zizler [‘Remarks on the set of norm-attaining functionals and differentiability’, Studia Math.241 (2018), 71–86].

Given two (real) normed (linear) spaces $X$ and $Y$, let $X\otimes _{1}Y=(X\otimes Y,\Vert \cdot \Vert )$, where $\Vert (x,y)\Vert =\Vert x\Vert +\Vert y\Vert$. It is known that $X\otimes _{1}Y$ is $2$-UR if and only if both $X$ and $Y$ are UR (where we use UR as an abbreviation for uniformly rotund). We prove that if $X$ is $m$-dimensional and $Y$ is $k$-UR, then $X\otimes _{1}Y$ is $(m+k)$-UR. In the other direction, we observe that if $X\otimes _{1}Y$ is $k$-UR, then both $X$ and $Y$ are $(k-1)$-UR. Given a monotone norm $\Vert \cdot \Vert _{E}$ on $\mathbb{R}^{2}$, we let $X\otimes _{E}Y=(X\otimes Y,\Vert \cdot \Vert )$ where $\Vert (x,y)\Vert =\Vert (\Vert x\Vert _{X},\Vert y\Vert _{Y})\Vert _{E}$. It is known that if $X$ is uniformly rotund in every direction, $Y$ has the weak fixed point property for nonexpansive maps (WFPP) and $\Vert \cdot \Vert _{E}$ is strictly monotone, then $X\otimes _{E}Y$ has WFPP. Using the notion of $k$-uniform rotundity relative to every $k$-dimensional subspace we show that this result holds with a weaker condition on $X$.

In this paper, we give a complete description of left symmetric points for Birkhoff orthogonality in the preduals of von Neumann algebras. As a consequence, except for $\mathbb{C}$, $\ell _{\infty }^{2}$ and $M_{2}(\mathbb{C})$, there are no von Neumann algebras whose preduals have nonzero left symmetric points for Birkhoff orthogonality.

Our main result states that whenever we have a non-Euclidean norm $\Vert \cdot \Vert$ on a two-dimensional vector space $X$, there exists some $x\neq 0$ such that for every $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\neq 1$, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}>0$, there exist $y,z\in X$ satisfying $\Vert y\Vert =\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\Vert x\Vert$, $z\neq 0$ and $z$ belongs to the bisectors $B(-x,x)$ and $B(-y,y)$. We also give several results about the geometry of the unit sphere of strictly convex planes.

Extending recent results by Cascales et al. [‘Plasticity of the unit ball of a strictly convex Banach space’, Rev. R. Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fís. Nat. Ser. A Mat. 110(2) (2016), 723–727], we demonstrate that for every Banach space $X$ and every collection $Z_{i},i\in I$ , of strictly convex Banach spaces, every nonexpansive bijection from the unit ball of $X$ to the unit ball of the sum of $Z_{i}$ by $\ell _{1}$ is an isometry.

The aim of this note is to study octahedrality in vector-valued Lipschitz-free Banach spaces on a metric space, under topological hypotheses on it, by analysing the weak-star strong diameter 2 property in Lipschitz function spaces. Also, we show an example that proves that our results are optimal and that octahedrality in vector-valued Lipschitz-free Banach spaces actually relies on the underlying metric space as well as on the Banach one.

The Birkhoff orthogonality has been recently intensively studied in connection with the geometry of Banach spaces and operator theory. The main aim of this paper is to characterize the Birkhoff orthogonality in ${\mathcal{L}}(X;Y)$ under the assumption that ${\mathcal{K}}(X;Y)$ is an $M$-ideal in ${\mathcal{L}}(X;Y)$. Moreover, we survey the known results, as well as giving some new and more general ones. Furthermore, we characterize an approximate Birkhoff orthogonality in ${\mathcal{K}}(X;Y)$.

We say that a Banach space $X$ is ‘nice’ if every extreme operator from any Banach space into $X$ is a nice operator (that is, its adjoint preserves extreme points). We prove that if $X$ is a nice almost $CL$-space, then $X$ is isometrically isomorphic to $c_{0}(I)$ for some set $I$. We also show that if $X$ is a nice Banach space whose closed unit ball has the Krein–Milman property, then $X$ is $l_{\infty }^{n}$ for some $n\in \mathbb{N}$. The proof of our results relies on the structure topology.

In this paper we provide an elementary proof of James’ characterisation of weak compactness for Banach spaces whose dual ball is weak∗ sequentially compact.

A nonreflexive Banach space may have a weakly uniformly rotund dual. The aim of this paper is to determine alternative characterisations and study further implications of this property in higher duals.

In a recent paper, topological spaces $(X,{\it\tau})$ that are fragmented by a metric that generates the discrete topology were investigated. In the present paper we shall continue this investigation. In particular, we will show, among other things, that such spaces are ${\it\sigma}$-scattered, that is, a countable union of scattered spaces, and characterise the continuous images of separable metrisable spaces by their fragmentability properties.

In this paper we investigate the nature of family of pairs of separable Banach spaces (X, Y) such that $\mathcal{K}(X,Y)$ is complemented in $\mathcal{L}(X,Y)$. It is proved that the family of pairs (X,Y) of separable Banach spaces such that $\mathcal{K}(X,Y)$ is complemented in $\mathcal{L}(X,Y)$ is not Borel, endowed with the Effros–Borel structure.

Let 1 ≤ p < ∞. A sequence 〈 xn 〉 in a Banach space X is defined to be p-operator summable if for each 〈 fn 〉 ∈ lw*p(X*) we have 〈〈 fn(xk)〉k〉n ∈ lsp(lp). Every norm p-summable sequence in a Banach space is operator p-summable whereas in its turn every operator p-summable sequence is weakly p-summable. An operator T ∈ B(X, Y) is said to be p-limited if for every 〈 xn 〉 ∈ lpw(X), 〈 Txn 〉 is operator p-summable. The set of all p-limited operators forms a normed operator ideal. It is shown that every weakly p-summable sequence in X is operator p-summable if and only if every operator T ∈ B(X, lp) is p-absolutely summing. On the other hand, every operator p-summable sequence in X is norm p-summable if and only if every p-limited operator in B(lp', X) is absolutely p-summing. Moreover, this is the case if and only if X is a subspace of Lp(μ) for some Borel measure μ.

We define and study λ-strict ideals in Banach spaces, which for λ=1 means strict ideals. Strict u-ideals in their biduals are known to have the unique ideal property; we prove that so also do λ-strict u-ideals in their biduals, at least for λ>1/2. An open question, posed by Godefroy et al. [‘Unconditional ideals in Banach spaces’, Studia Math.104 (1993), 13–59] is whether the Banach space X is a u-ideal in Ba(X), the Baire-one functions in X**, exactly when κu(X)=1; we prove that if κu(X)=1 then X is a strict u-ideal in Ba (X) , and we establish the converse in the separable case.

Determining meaningful lower bounds on the supremal strict p-negative type of classes of finite metric spaces is a difficult nonlinear problem. In this paper we use an elementary approach to obtain the following result: given a finite metric space (X,d) there is a constant ζ>0, dependent only on n=∣X∣ and the scaled diameter 𝔇=(diamX)/min{d(x,y)∣x⁄=y} of X (which we may assume is >1), such that (X,d) has p-negative type for all p∈[0,ζ] and strict p-negative type for all p∈[0,ζ). In fact, we obtain A consideration of basic examples shows that our value of ζ is optimal provided that 𝔇≤2. In other words, for each 𝔇∈(1,2] and natural number n≥3, there exists an n-point metric space of scaled diameter 𝔇 whose supremal strict p-negative type is exactly ζ. The results of this paper hold more generally for all finite semi-metric spaces since the triangle inequality is not used in any of the proofs. Moreover, ζ is always optimal in the case of finite semi-metric spaces.

In this paper, we give a new characterization of reflexive Banach spaces in terms of the sum of two closed bounded convex sets.

It is shown that every L2-summand vector of a dual real Banach space is a norm-attaining functional. As consequences, the L2-summand vectors of a dual real Banach space can be determined by the L2-summand vectors of its predual; for every n ∈ , every real Banach space can be equivalently renormed so that the set of norm-attaining functionals is n-lineable; and it is easy to find equivalent norms on non-reflexive dual real Banach spaces that are not dual norms.

This article concerns the uniform classification of infinite dimensional real topological vector spaces. We examine a recently isolated linearization procedure for uniform homeomorphisms of the form φ: X →Y, where X is a Banach space with non-trivial type and Y is any topological vector space. For such a uniform homeomorphism φ, we show that Y must be normable and have the same supremal type as X. That Y is normable generalizes theorems of Bessaga and Enflo. This aspect of the theory determines new examples of uniform non-equivalence. That supremal type is a uniform invariant for Banach spaces is essentially due to Ribe. Our linearization approach gives an interesting new proof of Ribe's result.

The stability properties of the family ℳ of all intersections of closed balls are investigated in spaces C(K), where K is an arbitrary Hausdorff compact space. We prove that ℳ is stable under Minkowski addition if and only if K is extremally disconnected. In contrast to this, we show that ℳ is always ball stable in these spaces. Finally, we present a Banach space (indeed a subspace of C[0, 1]) which fails to be ball stable, answering an open question. Our results rest on the study of semicontinuous functions in Hausdorff compact spaces.

Given a Banach space $E$ and positive integers $k$ and $l$ we investigate the smallest constant $C$ that satisfies $\|P\|\hskip1pt\|Q\|\le C\|PQ\|$ for all $k$-homogeneous polynomials $P$ and $l$-homogeneous polynomials $Q$ on $E$. Our estimates are obtained using multilinear maps, the principle of local reflexivity and ideas from the geometry of Banach spaces (type and uniform convexity). We also examine the analogous problem for general polynomials on Banach spaces.