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Page 66 of 167572

Reduction, Emergence and the Metaphysics in Science

Reduction, Emergence and the Metaphysics in Science
Will Heritage Save Us?

Will Heritage Save Us?
  • Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Sustainable Development Turn
  • Chiara Bortolotto
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • Drawing on extensive ethnographic engagement with the social world of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, this Element explores the mainstreaming of sustainable development principles in the heritage field. It illustrates how, while deeply entwined in the UN standardizing framework, sustainability narratives are expanding the frontiers of heritage and unsettling conventional understandings of its social and political functions. Ethnographic description of UNESCO administrative practices and case studies explain how the sustainabilization of intangible cultural heritage entails a fundamental shift in perspective: heritage is no longer nostalgically regarded as a fragile relic in need of preservation but as a resource for the future with new purposes and the potential to address broader concerns and anxieties of our times, ranging from water shortages to mental health. This might ultimately mean that the safeguarding endeavor is no longer about us protecting heritage but about heritage protecting us.
Muslim Women in Science, Past and Present

Muslim Women in Science, Past and Present
  • Elmira Akhmetova
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • This Element examines issues related to Muslim women's engagement in science and scholarship both past and present. The first two parts discuss the contributions made by Muslim women to scholarly, scientific, and technological advancements. The third part discusses the factors that have contributed to a decline in Muslim women's scholarly involvement in Islamic civilisation, the veracity of historical accounts, and the constraints in original knowledge production in contemporary Muslim societies. It finds that there are no religious restrictions rooted in the Qur'an that forbid women from pursuing a profession in science, whether as learners or practitioners. Yet some economic and political circumstances, cultural influences, and outdated interpretations of Islam produce discrimination against women in Muslim societies, and lead to their underrepresentation in scientific research and academia.
The Problem of God in Buddhism

The Problem of God in Buddhism
  • Signe Cohen
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • Since Buddhism does not include a belief in a personal god instrumental to the creation of the world or to human salvation, it is often assumed that gods play no part in Buddhism at all. This Element complicates the simplistic assessment of Buddhism as an 'atheistic religion' and discusses the various roles deities play in Buddhist texts and practice. The Problem of God in Buddhism includes a comprehensive analysis of the Buddhist refutations of a creator God, the idea of salvation without divine intervention, the role of minor deities in Buddhism, the question of whether Buddhas and Bodhisattvas can function as gods in certain forms of Buddhism, and the notion of the sacred as apart from the divine in Buddhist traditions.
Maximos the Confessor

Maximos the Confessor
  • Androprimacy and Sexual Difference
  • Luis Josué Salés
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • Maximos affirms in various texts (such as Difficulty 41) that sexual differentiation into male and female is inconsistent with the divine intention and will therefore be eschatologically eradicated. His affirmations have elicited a half-dozen conflicting interpretations, such as the metaphorization of these statements, where 'male' refers to drive (thymos) and 'female' to desire (epithymia), which become subordinate to reason (logos). Others maintain that he refers to the resolution of male–female agonistics. Yet others have criticized accounts that mollify the starkness of Maximos' affirmations. This Element goes further in arguing that Maximos tacitly envisions the elimination of sexual difference as sublimation of all sexual difference into male singularity. This Element overviews the exegetical and medical-anthropological precedents that framed Maximos thinking on this subject and examines some of his key texts, including his famed Difficulty 41 and several passages centered on explicating Eve and Adam, and Mary and Christ.
About Suffering

About Suffering
  • On Louise Glück
  • Christos Hadjiyiannis
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • Poetry has always courted suffering. Poets sing their suffering, we've been told, and there can be no poetry without suffering. Louise Glück wasn't too sure about that. Suffering features centrally in her poetry and she discussed its role in poetry in her critical writing, where she often retained the language of poetry as martyrdom. However, she was keen to stress that suffering's part in composition has been misplaced and misunderstood, its function idealised and fetishised. Surveying a wide range of texts about poetry's relationship to suffering, and drawing surprising links between very different voices, this book situates Glück both in the tradition of Rainer Maria Rilke's lyrical suffering and in the tradition of T. S. Eliot's impersonal approach to poetry. Glück's most powerful and characteristic discussion of suffering, it argues, takes place in her 1992 volume, The Wild Iris.
Learning from COVID-19 for Climate-Ready Urban Transformation

Learning from COVID-19 for Climate-Ready Urban Transformation
  • Darshini Mahadevia, Gian C. Delgado-Ramos, Janice Barnes, Joan Fitzgerald, Miho Kamei, Kevin Lanza, William Solecki, Minal Pathak, Martha Barata, Aliyu Salisu Barau, Maria Dombrov, Cynthia Rosenzweig
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • Cities have suffered from three years of the COVID-19 pandemic and are increasingly experiencing exacerbated heatwaves, floods, and droughts due to climate change. Going forward, cities need to address both climate and public health crises effectively while reducing poverty and inequity, often in the context of economic pressure and declining levels of trust in government. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed gaps in city readiness for simultaneous responses to pandemics and climate change, particularly in the Global South. However, these concurrent challenges to cities present an opportunity to reformulate current urbanization patterns and the economies and dynamics they enable. This Element focuses on understanding COVID-19's impact on city systems related to climate change mitigation and adaptation, and vice versa, in terms of warnings, lessons learned, and calls to action. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Kyivan Rus in Medieval Europe

Kyivan Rus in Medieval Europe
  • Christian Raffensperger
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • While there has been a great deal (comparatively) written about Rus as part of medieval Europe in the last twenty years, the popular perception of it remains a part of the so-called 'Byzantine Commonwealth.' This traditional framing discounts Russian ties to the west and exaggerates those to 'Byzantium,' elevating the rhetoric used by Russian nationalists to separate Russia from Europe. This Element provides an accurate historical account of medieval Rus that corrects the modern misuse of medieval history: a resource for academics interested in the results of current research on the place of the Kingdom of Rus in the medieval world. It brings together and synthesizes existing scholarship on Rus to present a complete picture of the kingdom of Rus, and its orientation within the wider medieval world, with a particular focus on the eleventh and twelfth centuries.
Central Asia - Russia's Near Abroad or Crossroads of Asia?

Central Asia - Russia's Near Abroad or Crossroads of Asia?
  • Richard Pomfret
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
  • This Element assesses the claim that Central Asian countries hold a special position as Russia's near abroad. The region has been important for millennia, and only after conquest in the second half of the nineteenth century did Russia become important for Central Asia. This connection became stronger after 1917 as Central Asia was integrated into the Soviet economy, with rail, roads, and pipelines all leading north to Russia. After independence, these connections were gradually modified by new trade links and by new infrastructure, while Russia's demand for unskilled labour during the 1999–2014 oil boom created a new economic dependency for Tajikistan and the Kyrgyz Republic. In 1991, political independence could not be accompanied by economic independence, but over the next three decades economic dependence on Russia was reduced, and the Central Asian countries have felt increasingly able to adopt political positions independent of Russia.
Evolution and the Fate of Humankind

Evolution and the Fate of Humankind
  • Peter A. Corning
  • Published online:
    15 February 2025
    Print publication:
    27 February 2025
  • In recent years we have come to understand better the forces that have shaped biological evolution over the course of time. Evolved purposiveness (teleonomy) in living systems themselves has been an important influence. Cooperative effects (synergies) of various kinds have also been influential. And the bioeconomics (functional costs and benefits) have been important constraints. Now we are facing a mounting survival crisis that may determine the future of life on Earth. We need to make a major course change, utilizing our insights into these important influences. Here is a review, and a 'prescription.'

Machine Learning with Python
  • Principles and Practical Techniques
  • Parteek Bhatia
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    February 2025
    Print publication:
    28 February 2025
  • Machine learning has become a dominant problem-solving technique in the modern world, with applications ranging from search engines and social media to self-driving cars and artificial intelligence. This lucid textbook presents the theoretical foundations of machine learning algorithms, and then illustrates each concept with its detailed implementation in Python to allow beginners to effectively implement the principles in real-world applications. All major techniques, such as regression, classification, clustering, deep learning, and association mining, have been illustrated using step-by-step coding instructions to help inculcate a 'learning by doing' approach. The book has no prerequisites, and covers the subject from the ground up, including a detailed introductory chapter on the Python language. As such, it is going to be a valuable resource not only for students of computer science, but also for anyone looking for a foundation in the subject, as well as professionals looking for a ready reckoner.

Pillars of Developmental Psychology
  • Recollections and Reflections
  • Edited by Frank Kessel
  • Published online:
    14 February 2025
    Print publication:
    20 February 2025
  • Embark on a journey through the rich tapestry of developmental psychology with 'Pillars of Developmental Psychology.' This collection reveals personal histories of influential scholars, the living 'pillars,' whose decades-long contributions have shaped the discipline. The book deepens the argument that a complete understanding of the field requires the human narratives that have woven its fabric, complementing and going beyond analytical views. These 'pillars' not only recount the achievements and challenges of their journeys, but also highlight how their work can inspire future generations. This reflective anthology resonates across disciplines, offering invaluable insights for scholars and students alike. A framing preface, tantalizing abstracts, illuminating chapters, and a closing commentary amplify the significance of these scholars' contributions, revealing overarching themes in personal, inter-personal, institutional, socio-political, and intellectual dimensions. "Pillars of Developmental Psychology" is a testament to the enduring impact of these luminaries and a roadmap for the dynamic future of developmental inquiry.

Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging
  • 2nd edition
  • Angela Gutchess
  • Published online:
    14 February 2025
    Print publication:
    13 February 2025
  • Fully updated and revised, Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging, 2nd Edition provides an accessible introduction to aging and the brain. Now with full color throughout, it includes over fifty figures illustrating key research findings and anatomical diagrams. Adopting an integrative perspective across domains of psychological function, this edition features expanded coverage of multivariate methods, moral judgments, cognitive reserve, prospective memory, event boundaries, and individual differences related to aging, including sex, race, and culture. Although many declines occur with age, cognitive neuroscience research reveals plasticity and adaptation in the brain as a normal function of aging. With this perspective in mind, the book emphasizes the ways in which neuroscience methods have enriched and changed thinking about aging.

‘Anonymus Iamblichi’
  • Edited and translated by Anders Dahl Sørensen
  • Published online:
    14 February 2025
    Print publication:
    06 March 2025
  • This is a new edition of the fragments of 'Anonymus Iamblichi', the mysterious Greek author excerpted by Iamblichus in chapter 20 of Protrepticus. The fragments are an important but overlooked source for early Greek ethical and political thought. Among other things, they criticize traditional forms of social benefaction, and they offer a strikingly modern approach to the analysis of society and economy revolving around the concept of pistis ('trust'). The text and translation are supplemented by a lengthy introduction, which analyses the language and style of the fragments and explores them in the literary and philosophical context of early Socratic literature. The detailed commentary discusses issues pertaining to text and interpretation.
Pure Cloning

Pure Cloning
  • Tuija Takala, Matti Häyry
  • Published online:
    14 February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 March 2025
    • Element
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      • Open access
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  • This Element explores the rationality and morality of the kind of human reproductive cloning that does not involve genetic enhancements or other biological alterations in the individuals produced. The analysis is needed because, sooner or later, the technique will be safe enough to be tested; yet its pros and cons have not been sufficiently investigated. The literature abounds with defenses and criticisms of cloning but these do not distinguish between impure and pure forms, the one allowing the combination of reproduction and amendments, the other not. Therefore, cloning is condemned or condoned on grounds that have more to do with enhancements than the reproductive act. This Element shows how the conceptual landscape changes when the distinction is made visible and the arguments targeted at the production of a new life without the support or burden of the enhancement factor. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Transnational Crusoe, Illustration and Reading History, 1719–1722

Transnational Crusoe, Illustration and Reading History, 1719–1722
  • Sandro Jung
  • Published online:
    14 February 2025
    Print publication:
    06 March 2025
    • Element
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      • Open access
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  • Bringing illustration studies, the history of reading and transnational book history together, the Element offers an original micro-history of illustrated editions and iconic interpretations of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe. Unlike earlier accounts, it takes into account not only the copyright holder's editions but also studies Continental visualizations alongside a lower-end London abridgment issued by Edward Midwinter and illustrated by twenty-nine woodcuts. The Element covers the period from 1719 (the year of the work's first publication by William Taylor) to 1722 (the year Midwinter published his abridgment) and examines the illustrated editions published during that time, including those featuring translations of the work issued in Amsterdam (where Dutch and French translations were published) and in Germany. It recovers a hitherto unexplored archive of illustrations that played an essential role in the reading history – in Britain and abroad – of Robinson Crusoe. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

  • What is Social Media’s Place in Democracy?

  • Markus Patberg
  • Journal:
    The Review of Politics , First View
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 February 2025, pp. 1-22
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • In his recent analysis of digital platforms as a medium for (democratic) political communication, Jürgen Habermas has proclaimed a constitutional imperative to maintain a functioning public sphere—leaving open, however, what this would require. While a growing literature develops ideas for social media reforms, these models put the cart before the horse. To restructure social media in a targeted manner, one first needs to determine the platforms’ desired contribution to democracy—which is far from obvious. Social media have a plurality of democratic affordances and can thus be assigned different, sometimes competing roles. To determine social media’s place in democracy, we need to do what Habermas has failed to do: locate social media in the center–periphery model of political communication in media society. In doing so, I argue that social media reforms should primarily aim to empower agents in the periphery.

  • KK-THEORY OF CIRCLE ACTIONS WITH THE ROKHLIN PROPERTY

  • EUSEBIO GARDELLA
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal of Mathematics / Accepted manuscript
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 February 2025, pp. 1-25
    • Article
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  • Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and Neurogenesis: A Systematic Review

  • Hezekiah C.T. Au, Yang Jing Zheng, Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Kayla M. Teopiz, Angela T.H. Kwan, Hartej Gill, Sebastian Badulescu, Kyle Valentino, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Roger S. McIntyre
  • Journal:
    Acta Neuropsychiatrica / Accepted manuscript
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 February 2025, pp. 1-25
  • Objective

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) administration has been associated with neuroproliferative effects and modulatory effects in neuronal pathways. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive synthesis of the effects of GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs on neurogenesis.

    Methods

    We examined studies that investigate changes in neurogenesis mediated by GLP-1 and GLP-1 RA administration in both human and animal populations. Relevant articles were retrieved through OVID (MedLine, Embase, AMED, PsychINFO, JBI EBP Database), PubMed, and Web of Science from database inception to July 2nd. Primary studies investigating the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs on neurogenesis were included for analysis.

    Results

    GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs (i.e. exenatide, geniposide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, and semaglutide), increased neurogenesis within the dentate gyrus, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and the medial striatum in animal models. Additionally, GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs were associated with modulating changes in multiple apoptotic pathways and upregulating survival pathways.

    Discussion

    GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs are positively associated with neurogenesis. This effect may have translational implications insofar as disparate mental disorders that are characterized by neurogenesis defects (e.g. depressive disorders and neurocognitive disorders) may be benefitted by these agents.

Page 66 of 167572