We investigate questions of maximal symmetry in Banach spaces and the structure of certain bounded non-unitarisable groups on Hilbert space. In particular, we provide structural information about bounded groups with an essentially unique invariant complemented subspace. This is subsequently combined with rigidity results for the unitary representation of $\text{Aut}(T)$ on $\ell _{2}(T)$, where $T$ is the countably infinite regular tree, to describe the possible bounded subgroups of $\text{GL}({\mathcal{H}})$ extending a well-known non-unitarisable representation of $\mathbb{F}_{\infty }$.

As a related result, we also show that a transitive norm on a separable Banach space must be strictly convex.

We deduce properties of the Koopman representation of a positive entropy probability measure-preserving action of a countable, discrete, sofic group. Our main result may be regarded as a ‘representation-theoretic’ version of Sinaǐ’s factor theorem. We show that probability measure-preserving actions with completely positive entropy of an infinite sofic group must be mixing and, if the group is nonamenable, have spectral gap. This implies that if $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}$ is a nonamenable group and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}\curvearrowright (X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$ is a probability measure-preserving action which is not strongly ergodic, then no action orbit equivalent to $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E4}\curvearrowright (X,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$ has completely positive entropy. Crucial to these results is a formula for entropy in the presence of a Polish, but a priori noncompact, model.

Using a local construction from a previous paper, we exhibit a numerical invariant, the differential Swan conductor, for an isocrystal on a variety over a perfect field of positive characteristic overconvergent along a boundary divisor; this leads to an analogous construction for certain p-adic and l-adic representations of the étale fundamental group of a variety. We then demonstrate some variational properties of this definition for overconvergent isocrystals, paying special attention to the case of surfaces.

We study the equivariant oriented cohomology ring $\mathtt{h}_{T}(G/P)$ of partial flag varieties using the moment map approach. We define the right Hecke action on this cohomology ring, and then prove that the respective Bott–Samelson classes in $\mathtt{h}_{T}(G/P)$ can be obtained by applying this action to the fundamental class of the identity point, hence generalizing previously known results of Chow groups by Brion, Knutson, Peterson, Tymoczko and others. Our main result concerns the equivariant oriented cohomology theory $\mathfrak{h}$ corresponding to the 2-parameter Todd genus. We give a new interpretation of Deodhar’s parabolic Kazhdan–Lusztig basis, i.e., we realize it as some cohomology classes (the parabolic Kazhdan–Lusztig (KL) Schubert classes) in $\mathfrak{h}_{T}(G/P)$. We make a positivity conjecture, and a conjecture about the relationship of such classes with smoothness of Schubert varieties. We also prove the latter in several special cases.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a large class of initial data which generates global smooth solution of the 3D inhomogeneous incompressible Navier–Stokes system in the whole space $\mathbb{R}^{3}$. This class of data is based on functions which vary slowly in one direction. The idea is that 2D inhomogeneous Navier–Stokes system with large data is globally well-posed and we construct the 3D approximate solutions by the 2D solutions with a parameter. One of the key point of this study is the investigation of the time decay properties of the solutions to the 2D inhomogeneous Navier–Stokes system. We obtained the same optimal decay estimates as the solutions of 2D homogeneous Navier–Stokes system.

In this note, we study an invariant associated with the zeros of the moment map generated by an action form, the infinitesimal index. This construction will be used to study the compactly supported equivariant cohomology of the zeros of the moment map and to give formulas for the multiplicity index map of a transversally elliptic operator.

The main result of this paper establishes a bijection between the set of equivalence classes of simple transitive 2-representations with a fixed apex ${\mathcal{J}}$ of a fiat 2-category $\mathscr{C}$ and the set of equivalence classes of faithful simple transitive 2-representations of the fiat 2-subquotient of $\mathscr{C}$ associated with a diagonal ${\mathcal{H}}$-cell in ${\mathcal{J}}$. As an application, we classify simple transitive 2-representations of various categories of Soergel bimodules, in particular, completing the classification in types $B_{3}$ and $B_{4}$.

Cet article est une contribution à la fois au calcul du nombre de fibrés de Hitchin sur une courbe projective et à l’explicitation de la partie nilpotente de la formule des traces d’Arthur-Selberg pour une fonction test très simple. Le lien entre les deux questions a été établi dans [Chaudouard, Sur le comptage des fibrés de Hitchin. À paraître aux actes de la conférence en l’honneur de Gérard Laumon]. On décompose cette partie nilpotente en une somme d’intégrales adéliques indexées par les orbites nilpotentes. Pour les orbites de type «régulières par blocs», on explicite complètement ces intégrales en termes de la fonction zêta de la courbe.

We prove the analog for the $K$-theory of forms of the $Q=+$ theorem in algebraic $K$-theory. That is, we show that the $K$-theory of forms defined in terms of an $S_{\bullet }$-construction is a group completion of the category of quadratic spaces for form categories in which all admissible exact sequences split. This applies for instance to quadratic and hermitian forms defined with respect to a form parameter.

Given a quiver with potential $(Q,W)$, Kontsevich–Soibelman constructed a cohomological Hall algebra (CoHA) on the critical cohomology of the stack of representations of $(Q,W)$. Special cases of this construction are related to work of Nakajima, Varagnolo, Schiffmann–Vasserot, Maulik–Okounkov, Yang–Zhao, etc. about geometric constructions of Yangians and their representations; indeed, given a quiver Q, there exists an associated pair $(\widetilde{Q}, \widetilde{W})$ whose CoHA is conjecturally the positive half of the Maulik–Okounkov Yangian $Y_{\text {MO}}(\mathfrak {g}_{Q})$.

For a quiver with potential $(Q,W)$, we follow a suggestion of Kontsevich–Soibelman and study a categorification of the above algebra constructed using categories of singularities. Its Grothendieck group is a K-theoretic Hall algebra (KHA) for quivers with potential. We construct representations using framed quivers, and we prove a wall-crossing theorem for KHAs. We expect the KHA for $(\widetilde{Q}, \widetilde{W})$ to recover the positive part of quantum affine algebra $U_{q}(\widehat {\mathfrak {g}_{Q}})$ defined by Okounkov–Smirnov.

Classically, an indecomposable class $R$ in the cone of effective curves on a K3 surface $X$ is representable by a smooth rational curve if and only if $R^{2}=-2$. We prove a higher-dimensional generalization conjectured by Hassett and Tschinkel: for a holomorphic symplectic variety $M$ deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of $n$ points on a K3 surface, an extremal curve class $R\in H_{2}(M,\mathbb{Z})$ in the Mori cone is the line in a Lagrangian $n$-plane $\mathbb{P}^{n}\subset M$ if and only if certain intersection-theoretic criteria are met. In particular, any such class satisfies $(R,R)=-\frac{n+3}{2}$, and the primitive such classes are all contained in a single monodromy orbit.

We prove some qualitative results about the p-adic Jacquet–Langlands correspondence defined by Scholze, in the $\operatorname {\mathrm {GL}}_2(\mathbb{Q}_p )$ residually reducible case, using a vanishing theorem proved by Judith Ludwig. In particular, we show that in the cases under consideration, the global p-adic Jacquet–Langlands correspondence can also deal with automorphic forms with principal series representations at p in a nontrivial way, unlike its classical counterpart.

In this paper we will study solution pairs $(u,D)$ of the minimal surface equation defined over an unbounded domain $D$ in $R^2$, with $u=0$ on $\partial D$. It is well known that there are severe limitations on the geometry of $D$; for example $D$ cannot be contained in any proper wedge (angle less than $\pi$). Under the assumption of sublinear growth in a suitably strong sense, we show that if $u$ has order of growth $\alpha$ in the sense of complex variables, then the ‘asymptototic angle’ of $D$ must be at least $\pi/\alpha$. In particular, there are at most two such solution pairs defined over disjoint domains. If $\alpha<1$ then $u$ cannot change sign and there is no other disjoint solution pair. This result is sharp as can be seen by a suitable piece of Enneper’s surface which has order $\alpha=\tfrac{2}{3}$ and asymptotic angle $\tfrac{3}{2}\pi$.

AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 35J60; 53A10

We prove an equidistribution theorem for a family of holomorphic Siegel cusp forms for $\mathit{GSp}_{4}/\mathbb{Q}$ in various aspects. A main tool is Arthur’s invariant trace formula. While Shin [Automorphic Plancherel density theorem, Israel J. Math.192(1) (2012), 83–120] and Shin–Templier [Sato–Tate theorem for families and low-lying zeros of automorphic $L$-functions, Invent. Math.203(1) (2016) 1–177] used Euler–Poincaré functions at infinity in the formula, we use a pseudo-coefficient of a holomorphic discrete series to extract holomorphic Siegel cusp forms. Then the non-semisimple contributions arise from the geometric side, and this provides new second main terms $A,B_{1}$ in Theorem 1.1 which have not been studied and a mysterious second term $B_{2}$ also appears in the second main term coming from the semisimple elements. Furthermore our explicit study enables us to treat more general aspects in the weight. We also give several applications including the vertical Sato–Tate theorem, the unboundedness of Hecke fields and low-lying zeros for degree 4 spinor $L$-functions and degree 5 standard $L$-functions of holomorphic Siegel cusp forms.

For an odd-dimensional oriented hyperbolic manifold with cusps and strongly acyclic coefficient systems, we define the Reidemeister torsion of the Borel–Serre compactification of the manifold using bases of cohomology classes defined via Eisenstein series by the method of Harder. In the main result of this paper we relate this combinatorial torsion to the regularized analytic torsion. Together with results on the asymptotic behaviour of the regularized analytic torsion, established previously, this should have applications to study the growth of torsion in the cohomology of arithmetic groups. Our main result is established via a gluing formula, and here our approach is heavily inspired by a recent paper of Lesch.

Since Faltings proved Mordell’s conjecture in [16] in 1983, we have known that the sets of rational points on curves of genus at least $2$ are finite. Determining these sets in individual cases is still an unsolved problem. Chabauty’s method (1941) [10] is to intersect, for a prime number p, in the p-adic Lie group of p-adic points of the Jacobian, the closure of the Mordell–Weil group with the p-adic points of the curve. Under the condition that the Mordell–Weil rank is less than the genus, Chabauty’s method, in combination with other methods such as the Mordell–Weil sieve, has been applied successfully to determine all rational points in many cases.

Minhyong Kim’s nonabelian Chabauty programme aims to remove the condition on the rank. The simplest case, called quadratic Chabauty, was developed by Balakrishnan, Besser, Dogra, Müller, Tuitman and Vonk, and applied in a tour de force to the so-called cursed curve (rank and genus both $3$ ).

This article aims to make the quadratic Chabauty method small and geometric again, by describing it in terms of only ‘simple algebraic geometry’ (line bundles over the Jacobian and models over the integers).

We determine the irregular Hodge filtration, as introduced by Sabbah, for the purely irregular hypergeometric ${\mathcal{D}}$-modules. We obtain, in particular, a formula for the irregular Hodge numbers of these systems. We use the reduction of hypergeometric systems from GKZ-systems as well as comparison results to Gauss–Manin systems of Laurent polynomials via Fourier–Laplace and Radon transformations.

We show that for any type III1 free Araki–Woods factor = (HR, Ut)″ associated with an orthogonal representation (Ut) of R on a separable real Hilbert space HR, the continuous core M = ⋊σR is a semisolid II∞ factor, i.e. for any non-zero finite projection q ∈ M, the II1 factor qM q is semisolid. If the representation (Ut) is moreover assumed to be mixing, then we prove that the core M is solid. As an application, we construct an example of a non-amenable solid II1 factor N with full fundamental group, i.e. (N) = R*+, which is not isomorphic to any interpolated free group factor L(Ft), for 1 < t ≤ = +∞.

Let C be a smooth projective curve of genus $2$ . Following a method by O’Grady, we construct a semismall desingularisation $\tilde {\mathcal {M}}_{Dol}^G$ of the moduli space $\mathcal {M}_{Dol}^G$ of semistable G-Higgs bundles of degree 0 for $G=\mathrm {GL}(2,\mathbb {C}), \mathrm {SL}(2,\mathbb {C})$ . By the decomposition theorem of Beilinson, Bernstein and Deligne, one can write the cohomology of $\tilde {\mathcal {M}}_{Dol}^G$ as a direct sum of the intersection cohomology of $\mathcal {M}_{Dol}^G$ plus other summands supported on the singular locus. We use this splitting to compute the intersection cohomology of $\mathcal {M}_{Dol}^G$ and prove that the mixed Hodge structure on it is pure, in analogy with what happens to ordinary cohomology in the smooth case of coprime rank and degree.

We explain three methods for showing that the $p$-adic monodromy of a modular family of abelian varieties is ‘as large as possible', and illustrate them in the case of the ordinary locus of the moduli space of $g$-dimensional principally polarized abelian varieties over a field of characteristic $p$. The first method originated from Ribet's proof of the irreducibility of the Igusa tower for Hilbert modular varieties. The second and third methods both exploit Hecke correspondences near a hypersymmetric point, but in slightly different ways. The third method was inspired by work of Hida, plus a group theoretic argument for the maximality of $\ell$-adic monodromy with $\ell\neq p$.