This paper is concerned with the almost sure convergence for arrays of independent, but not necessarily identically distributed, random variables. We show that Kolmogorov's law of the iterated logarithm does not hold for arrays and obtain an analogue of Kolmogorov's law.

Let be a bounded strongly pseudoconvex domain with C2 boundary . In this paper we prove that for a Bloch function in the existance of radial limits at almost all implies the existence of admissible limits almost everywhere on .

We show that for a given holomorphic noncharacteristic surface S ∈ ℂ2, and a given holomorphic function on S1 there exists a unique meromorphic solution of Burgers' equation which blows up on S. This proves the convergence of the formal Laurent series expansion found by the Painlevé test. The method used is an adaptation of Nirenberg's iterative proof of the abstract Cauchy-Kowalevski theorem.

Suppose G is a complex Lie group having a finite number of connected components and H is a closed complex subgroup of G with H° solvable. Let RG denote the radical of G. We show the existence of closed complex subgroups I and J of G containing H such that I/H is a connected solvmanifold with I° ⊃ RG, the space G/J has a Klein form SG/A, where A is an algebraic subgroup of the semisimple complex Lie group SG: = G/RG, and, unless I = J, the space J/I has Klein form , where is a Zariski dense discrete subgroup of some connected positive dimensional semisimple complex Lie group Ŝ.

We consider two notions of well posedness for problems of the type and give conditions under which the majority (in Baire category sense) of bounded functions f defined in X × Y give rise to problems which are well posed. As a corollary we get that the problem is well posed for the majority of bounded lsc real valued functions f if, and only if, X contains a dense completely metrisable subset.

We give several results dealing with denseness of certain classes of norms with many vertex points. We prove that, in Banach spaces with the Mazur or the weak* Mazur intersection property, every ball (convex body) can be uniformly approximated by balls (convex bodies) being the closed convex hull of their strongly vertex points. We also prove that given a countable set F, every norm can be uniformly approximated by norms which are locally linear at each point of F.

Let (fn) be a sequence of positive P-integrable functions such that (∫ fndP)n converges. We prove that (fn) converges in measure to if and only if equality holds in the generalised Fatou's lemma. Let f∞ be an integrable function such that (∥fn − f∞∥1)n converges. We present in terms of the modulus of uniform integrability of (fn) necessary and sufficient conditions for (fn) to converge in measure to f∞.

We characterise the relative Chebyshev centre of a compact subset F of a real Banach space in terms of the Gateaux derivative of the distance to farthest points. We present a relative-Chebyshev-centre characterisation of Hilbert space. In Hilbert space we show that the relative Chebyshev centre is in the closed convex hull of the metric projection of F, and we estimate the relative Chebyshev radius of F.

We prove that a polygonal product of polycyclic by finite groups amalgamating normal subgroups, with trivial mutual intersections, is cyclic subgroup separable. Because of a recent example (stated below) of the author this substantial improvement on a recent theorem of Kim is essentially best possible.

In this paper we improve and generalise a result of J. Clunie by proving that if f(z) is a transcendental integral function with only zeros of order at least k + 1, then f(k)(z) assumes every finite non-zero complex value infinitely often. Also, the related criterion for normality of a family of holomorphic functions is given, and the value distribution of f2 + afk is discussed.

In this paper we provide an algebraic definition for the Schouten product and give a decomposition for homogeneous Poisson structures in any n-dimensional vector space. A large class of n-homogeneous Poisson structures in ℝk is also characterised.

Let φ denote the normalised surface measure on the unit sphere Sn−1. We shall be interested in the weighted Lp estimate for Stein's maximal function Mφf, namely

where w is an Ap weight, especially for 1 < p ≤ 2. Using the Mellin transformation approach, we prove that the estimate holds for every weight wδ where w ∈ Ap and 0 ≤ δ < (p(n − 1) − n)/(n(p − 1)), for n ≥ 3 and n/(n − 1) < p ≤ 2.

We prove the following results for a ring R. (a) If C is a class of right R-modules closed under direct summands and isomorphisms, then every right R-module has an epic C-envelope if and only if C is closed under direct products and submodules. (b) If R is left T-coherent and pure injective as a right R-module, then every T-finitely presented right R-module has a T-flat envelope, (c) Let R be a left T-coherent ring and injective right R-modules be T-flat. If every finitely presented left R-module has a flat envelope, then every T-finitely presented right R-module has a projective cover.

For an associative ring R, we investigate the relation between the cardinality of the commutator [R, R], or of higher commutators such as [[R, R], [R, R]], the cardinality of the ideal it generates, and the index of the centre of R. For example, when R is a semiprime ring, any finite higher commutator generates a finite ideal, and if R is also 2-torsion free then there is a central ideal of R of finite index in R. With the same assumption on R, any infinite higher commutator T generates an ideal of cardinality at most 2cardT and there is a central ideal of R of index at most 2cardT in R.

We shall give an elementary proof of a characterisation for the Bloch space due to Holland and Walsh, and obtain analogous characterisations for the little Bloch space and Besov spaces of analytic functions on the unit disk in the complex plane.

We obtain new inequalities relating the inradius of a planar convex set with interior containing no point of the integral lattice, with the area, perimeter and diameter of the set. By considering a special sublattice of the integral lattice, we also obtain an inequality concerning the inradius and area of a planar convex set with interior containing exactly one point of the integral lattice.

In his work on a proof of Grushko's theorem by groupoid methods, Philip Higgins proved the following subgroup theorem.

Theorem. Suppose that θ:G → B is a surjective map of groups, where G and B are free products and , and where θ(Gλ) = Bλ for each λ. Let H be a subgroup of G with the property that the restriction of θ to H is surjective. Then there is a free decomposition of H with θ(Hλ) = Bλ for each λ.

As Higgins has noted, there is a common strategy in the proff of this theorem and in the groupoid proofs of Kurosh and Neilsen-Schreier subgroup theorems. Higgins conjectured the existence of a common generalisation of his theorem and the Kurosh theorem, proposed a plausible statement for such a result, and hinted that the common strategy of these proofs might be extended to give a proof of the conjecture. Examined at more detailed level, however, the common strategy used in the proofs of the Kurosh theorem and Higgin's theorem is seen to diverge into two strads. In this paper, it is shown that the construction entailed in these divergent approaches are in genera; incompatible. Thus any proof of Higgin's conjecture must require substantially different techniques. In particular, the proof of a theorem by Ordman that purports to affirm the conjecture is incorrect, and the approach used in his argument cannot yield a valid proof.

A thrifty embedding scheme of an arbitrary set of groups in a simple infinite group with a given outer automorphism group is presented. One of the applications of this scheme is the existence (assuming CH) of an uncountable group G in which all proper subgroups are countable such that G contains every countable group.

Certain Toeplitz type operators acting on the Bergman space A1 of the unit ball are considered and pluriharmonic symbols of commuting Toeplitz type operators are characterised by using M-harmonic function theory.

We give sufficient conditions for systems of the form y′ = f(x, y), x in [0, 1] and y″ = f(x, y, y′), x in [0, 1] to have solutions y with (x, y) in Ω ⊆ [0, 1] x Rn. We use degree theory and allow the shape of Ω to depend on x.