Let ${\cal S}$(g,N,p) be the Siegel modular variety of principally polarized Abelian varieties of dimension g with a Γ0(p)-level structure and a full N-level structure (where p is a prime not dividing N[ges ]3 and Γ0(p) is the inverse image of a Borel subgroup of Sp(2g,${\Bbb F}$p) in Sp(2g,${\Bbb Z}$)). This variety has a natural integral model over ${\Bbb Z}$[1/N] which is not semi-stable over the prime p if g>1. Using the theory of local models of Rapoport–Zink, we construct a semi-stable integral model of ${\cal S}$(g,N,p) over ${\Bbb Z}$[1/N] for g=2 and g=3. For g=2, our construction differs from de Jong's one though the resulting model is the same.

Working over the complex numbers, we study curves lying in a complete intersection K3 surface contained in a (nodal) complete intersection Calabi–Yau threefold. Under certain generality assumptions, we show that the linear system of curves in the surface is a connected componend of the the Hilbert scheme of the threefold. In the case of genus one, we deduce the existence of infinitesimally rigid embeddings of elliptic curves of arbitrary degree in the general complete intersection Calabi–Yau threefold.

In the previous works of the first author, two completely different constructions of single valued Grassmannian trilogarithms were given. One of the constructions, in Math. Res. Lett. 2 (1995), 99–114, is very simple and provides Grassmannian n-logarithms for all n. However its motivic nature is hidden. The other construction in Adv. in Math. 114 (1995), 197–318, is very explicit and motivic, but the generalization for n>4 is not known. In this paper we will compute explicitly the Grassmannian trilogarithm constructed in Math. Res. Lett. 2 (1995), 99–114 and prove that it differs from the motivic Grassmannian trilogarithm by an explicitly given product of logarithms. We also derive some general results about the Grassmannian polylogarithms.

The field contains the infinite sequence of uniformly bounded continued fractions and similar patterns can be found in for any d>0. This paper studies the broader structure underlying these patterns, and develops related results and conjectures for closed geodesics on arithmetic manifolds, packing constants of ideals, class numbers and heights.

Let Φ(x) denote the number of those integers n with φ(n)[les ] x, where φ denotes the Euler function. Improving on a well-known estimate of Bateman (1972), we show that Φ(x)-Ax [Lt] R(x), where A=ζ(2)ζ(3)/ζ(6) and R(x) is essentially of the size of the best available estimate for the remainder term in the prime number theorem.

An investigation of morphisms that coincide topologically is used to generalize to all characteristics and partly reprove Tamagawa's theorem on the Grothendieck conjecture in anabelian geometry for affine hyperbolic curves. The theorem now deals with π1tame of curves over a finitely generated field and its effect on the sets of isomorphisms. Universal homeomorphisms are formally inverted.

Fuchsian groups with a modular embedding have the richest arithmetic properties among non-arithmetic Fuchsian groups. But they are very rare, all known examples being related either to triangle groups or to Teichmüller curves. In Part I of this paper we study the arithmetic properties of the modular embedding and develop from scratch a theory of twisted modular forms for Fuchsian groups with a modular embedding, proving dimension formulas, coefficient growth estimates and differential equations. In Part II we provide a modular proof for an Apéry-like integrality statement for solutions of Picard–Fuchs equations. We illustrate the theory on a worked example, giving explicit Fourier expansions of twisted modular forms and the equation of a Teichmüller curve in a Hilbert modular surface. In Part III we show that genus two Teichmüller curves are cut out in Hilbert modular surfaces by a product of theta derivatives. We rederive most of the known properties of those Teichmüller curves from this viewpoint, without using the theory of flat surfaces. As a consequence we give the modular embeddings for all genus two Teichmüller curves and prove that the Fourier developments of their twisted modular forms are algebraic up to one transcendental scaling constant. Moreover, we prove that Bainbridge’s compactification of Hilbert modular surfaces is toroidal. The strategy to compactify can be expressed using continued fractions and resembles Hirzebruch’s in form, but every detail is different.

We determine essentially completely the theta correspondence arising from the dual pair ${\it PGL}_3 \times G_2 \subset E_6$ over a p-adic field. Our first result determines the theta lift of any non-supercuspidal representation of PGL3 and shows that the lifting respects Langlands functoriality. Our second result shows that the theta lift $\theta(\pi)$ of a (non-self-dual) supercuspidal representation $\pi$ of PGL3 is an irreducible generic supercuspidal representation of G2; we also determine $\theta(\pi)$ explicitly when $\pi$ has depth zero.

We use Hodge theoretic methods to study homotopy types of complex projective manifolds with arbitrary fundamental groups. The main tool we use is the schematization functor, introduced by the third author as a substitute for the rationalization functor in homotopy theory in the case of non-simply connected spaces. Our main result is the construction of a Hodge decomposition on . This Hodge decomposition is encoded in an action of the discrete group on the object and is shown to recover the usual Hodge decomposition on cohomology, the Hodge filtration on the pro-algebraic fundamental group, and, in the simply connected case, the Hodge decomposition on the complexified homotopy groups. We show that our Hodge decomposition satisfies a purity property with respect to a weight filtration, generalizing the fact that the higher homotopy groups of a simply connected projective manifold have natural mixed Hodge structures. As applications we construct new examples of homotopy types which are not realizable as complex projective manifolds and we prove a formality theorem for the schematization of a complex projective manifold.

Schinzel’s Hypothesis (H) was used by Colliot-Thélène and Sansuc, and later by Serre, Swinnerton-Dyer and others, to prove that the Brauer–Manin obstruction controls the Hasse principle and weak approximation on pencils of conics and similar varieties. We show that when the ground field is $\mathbb{Q}$ and the degenerate geometric fibres of the pencil are all defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, one can use this method to obtain unconditional results by replacing Hypothesis (H) with the finite complexity case of the generalised Hardy–Littlewood conjecture recently established by Green, Tao and Ziegler.

Using limit linear series and a result controlling degeneration from separable maps to inseparable maps, we give a formula for the number of rational functions (up to automorphism of the target) on the projective line with ramification to order ei at general points Pi, in the case that all ei are less than the characteristic. Unlike the case of characteristic 0, the answer is not given by Schubert calculus, nor is the number of maps always finite for distinct Pi, even in the tamely ramified case. However, finiteness for general Pi, obtained by exploiting the relationship to branched covers, is a key part of the argument.

We develop the theory of p-adic confluence of q-difference equations. The main result is the fact that, in the p-adic framework, a function is a (Taylor) solution of a differential equation if and only if it is a solution of a q-difference equation. This fact implies an equivalence, called confluence, between the category of differential equations and those of q-difference equations. We develop this theory by introducing a category of sheaves on the disk D−(1,1), for which the stalk at 1 is a differential equation, the stalk at q isa q-difference equation if q is not a root of unity, and the stalk at a root of unity ξ is a mixed object, formed by a differential equation and an action of σξ.

We generalize work by Bourgain and Kontorovich [On the local-global conjecture for integral Apollonian gaskets, Invent. Math. 196 (2014), 589–650] and Zhang [On the local-global principle for integral Apollonian 3-circle packings, J. Reine Angew. Math. 737, (2018), 71–110], proving an almost local-to-global property for the curvatures of certain circle packings, to a large class of Kleinian groups. Specifically, we associate in a natural way an infinite family of integral packings of circles to any Kleinian group ${\mathcal{A}}\leqslant \text{PSL}_{2}(K)$ satisfying certain conditions, where $K$ is an imaginary quadratic field, and show that the curvatures of the circles in any such packing satisfy an almost local-to-global principle. A key ingredient in the proof is that ${\mathcal{A}}$ possesses a spectral gap property, which we prove for any infinite-covolume, geometrically finite, Zariski dense Kleinian group in $\operatorname{PSL}_{2}({\mathcal{O}}_{K})$ containing a Zariski dense subgroup of $\operatorname{PSL}_{2}(\mathbb{Z})$.

We show how a theorem of Gabber on alterations can be used to apply the work of Cisinski, Suslin, Voevodsky, and Weibel to prove that $K_n(X) \otimes \mathbb{Z}[{1}/{p}]= 0$ for$n < {-}\! \dim X$ where $X$ is a quasi-excellent noetherian scheme, $p$ is a prime that is nilpotent on $X$, and $K_n$ is the $K$-theory of Bass–Thomason–Trobaugh. This gives a partial answer to a question of Weibel.

This article is the first in a series of two in which we study the vanishing cycles of curves in toric surfaces. We give a list of possible obstructions to contract vanishing cycles within a given complete linear system. Using tropical means, we show that any non-separating simple closed curve is a vanishing cycle whenever none of the listed obstructions appears.

We prove that a very general smooth cubic fourfold containing a plane can be embedded into an irreducible holomorphic symplectic eightfold as a Lagrangian submanifold. We construct the desired irreducible holomorphic symplectic eightfold as a moduli space of Bridgeland stable objects in the derived category of the twisted K3 surface corresponding to the cubic fourfold containing a plane.

Let A be a local ring, and let I1,…,Ir ⊂ A be ideals of positive height. In this article we compare the Cohen–Macaulay property of the multi–Rees algebra RA(I1,…,Ir) to that of the usual Rees algebra RA(I1 ··· Ir) of the product I1 ··· Ir. In particular, when the analytic spread of I1 ··· Ir is small, this leads to necessary and sufficient conditions for the Cohen–Macaulayness of RA(I1,…,Ir). We apply our results to the theory of joint reductions and mixed multiplicities.

We show that arithmetic local constants attached by Mazur and Rubin to pairs of self-dual Galois representations which are congruent modulo a prime number $p>2$ are compatible with the usual local constants at all primes not dividing $p$ and in two special cases also at primes dividing $p$. We deduce new cases of the $p$-parity conjecture for Selmer groups of abelian varieties with real multiplication (Theorem 4.14) and elliptic curves (Theorem 5.10).

A question of Igusa (from 1978) inquires about the singular behavior of the singular series, determined by a polynomial mapping ${\mathbf P}$:K$^n$→K$^m$, m[les ]n, where K is a local field of characteristic zero. This paper describes in geometric terms the singularities of the singular series for two classes of polynomial maps ${\mathbf P}$=(P$_1$, P$_2$):K$^n$→K$^2$. The main result, which makes possible this description, is a type of uniformization of ${\mathbf P}$ by finitely many monomial maps μ(${\mathbf x}$)=(${\mathbf x}$ $^$$_1$, ${\mathbf x}$$^ $$_2$), such that rank ($^$$_1$ $_$$_2$)= 2. This is proved using resolution of singularities. Using this result, nontrivial estimates of oscillatory integrals with phase λ$_1$P$_1$+ λ$_2$P$_2$ are possible. These will be described elsewhere.

We introduce the notion of the boundary motive of a scheme X over a perfect field. By definition, it measures the difference between the motive ${\mathop{M_{\rm gm}}\nolimits} (X)$ and the motive with compact support ${\mathop{M_{\rm gm}^{\rm c}}\nolimits}(X)$, as defined and studied by Voevodsky et al. in Cycles, transfers, and motivic homology theories (Annals of Mathematics Studies, vol. 143 (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2000)). We develop three tools to compute the boundary motive in terms of the geometry of a compactification of X: co-localization; invariance under abstract blow-up; and analytical invariance. We then prove auto-duality of the boundary motive of a smooth scheme X. As a formal consequence of this, and of co-localization, we obtain a fourth computational tool, namely localization for the\break boundary motive. In a sequel to this work (J. Wildeshaus, On the boundary motive of a Shimura variety, Prépublications du Laboratoire d'Analyse, Géométrie et Applications de l'Université Paris 13, no. 2004-23), these tools will be applied to Shimura varieties.