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3315807 results

Page 92 of 165791

Stronger Issues, Weaker Predispositions

Stronger Issues, Weaker Predispositions
  • Abortion, Gay Rights, and Authoritarianism
  • Paul Goren
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Political psychologists have long theorized that authoritarianism structures the positions people take on cultural issues and their party ties. Authoritarianism is durable; it resists the influence of other political judgments; and it is very impactful-in a word, it is strong. By contrast, researchers characterize the attitudes most people hold on most issues as unstable and ineffectual-in a word, weak. But what is true of most issues is not true of the issues that have driven America's long running culture war-abortion and gay rights. This Element demonstrates that moral issue attitudes are stronger than authoritarianism. With data from multiple sources over the period 1992-2020, it shows that (1) moral issue attitudes endure longer than authoritarianism; (2) moral issues predict change in authoritarianism; (3) authoritarianism does not systematically predict change in moral issues; and (4) moral issues have always played a much greater role structuring party ties than authoritarianism.
Ethical Global Citizenship Education

Ethical Global Citizenship Education
  • Emiliano T. Bosio
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    12 December 2024
  • Global Citizenship Education (GCE) plays a central role within UNESCO's education sector, focusing on cultivating the values and knowledge essential for students to evolve into well-informed and responsible global citizens. This Element conceptualises an ethical GCE framework grounded in critical, cosmopolitan, humanistic, value-creating, and transformative principles. Guided by those principles, ethical GCE goes beyond the banking model of education by emphasising a global ethic. Ethical GCE is inclusive, ethically reflective, and socially responsible. It extends beyond imparting knowledge and employable skills, important as they are, focusing on holistic and sustainable development. With further theoretical development and implementation strategies, the ethical GCE framework holds promise for future research and evaluation of the intricate teaching and learning processes within global citizenship, particularly from a values-based perspective.
Knowing What It Is Like

Knowing What It Is Like
  • Yuri Cath
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • What kind of knowledge does one have when one knows what it is like to, say, fall in love, eat vegemite™, be a parent, or ride a bike? This Element addresses this question by exploring the tension between two plausible theses about this form of knowledge: (i) that to possess it one must have had the corresponding experience, and (ii) that to possess it one must know an answer to the 'what it is like' question. The Element shows how the tension between these two theses helps to explain existing debates about this form of knowledge, as well as puzzling conflicts in our attitudes towards the possibility of sharing this knowledge through testimony, or other sources like literature, theories, and simulations. The author also offers a view of 'what it is like' knowledge which can resolve both the tension between (i) and (ii), and these puzzles around testimony.
Biological Organization

Biological Organization
  • Leonardo Bich
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Living systems are complex systems made of componentsthat tend to degrade, but nonetheless they maintain themselves farfrom equilibrium. This requires living systems to extract energy andmaterials from the environment and use them to build and repair theirparts by regulating their activities based on their internal and externalconditions in ways that allow them to keep living. The philosophical andtheoretical approach discussed in this Element aims to explain thesefeatures of biological systems by appealing to their organization. Itaddresses classical and more recent issues in philosophy of biology,fromorigins and definitions of life to biological teleology and functions,from an original perspective mainly focused on the living system, itsphysiology and behavior, rather than evolution. It discusses and revisesthe conceptual foundations of this approach and presents an updatedversion of it. This title is also available as Open Access onCambridge Core.
The Gaza Pullout Contentious Campaign

The Gaza Pullout Contentious Campaign
  • A History of Relation-Building and Contained Radicalization
  • Eitan Y. Alimi
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
The Socialist Calculation Debate

The Socialist Calculation Debate
  • Theory, History, and Contemporary Relevance
  • Peter Boettke, Rosolino A. Candela, Tegan Lindstrom Truitt
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • For over a generation, the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern and Central Europe delegitimized the abolition of private property in the means of production and the practice of central planning as an effective way to achieve the ends of socialism. However, the aspiration of achieving the ends of socialism remains to this day. This Element provides a narrative of a century-long debate that was initiated by Ludwig von Mises in 1920. In so doing, it tells the history of the problem of economic calculation in the socialist commonwealth and its continuing relevance for developments in economics, political economy, and social philosophy.
Editing Archipelagic Shakespeare

Editing Archipelagic Shakespeare
  • Rory Loughnane, Willy Maley
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Editing Archipelagic Shakespeare is a study of the power of names; more specifically, it is about the power of naming, asking who gets to choose names, for what reason, and to what effect. Shakespeare assigns names to over 1,200 characters and countless more sites and places, and these names, or versions of these names, have become familiar to generations of playgoers and play-readers. And because of their familiarity, Shakespeare's names, most frequently anglicized versions of non-English names, have been accepted and repeated without further consideration. Approaching names from an archipelagic perspective, and focusing upon how Irish, Scottish, and Welsh characters and places are written by Shakespeare and treated by editors, this Element offers an expansive, and far-reaching, case study for non-anglophone and global studies of Shakespeare, textual scholarship, and early modern drama.
Nordic Bronze Age Economies

Nordic Bronze Age Economies
  • Christian Horn, Knut Ivar Austvoll, Magnus Artursson, Johan Ling
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Provides a multi-scalar synthesis of Nordic Bronze Age economies (1800/1700–500 BCE) that is organized around six sections: an introduction to the Nordic Bronze Age, macro-economic perspectives, defining local communities, economic interaction, conflict and alliances, political formations, and encountering Europe. Despite a unifying material culture, the Bronze Age of Scandinavia was complex and multi- layered with constantly shifting and changing networks of competitors and partners. The social structure in this highly mobile and dynamic macroregional setting was affected by subsistence economies based on agropastoralism, maritime sectors, the production of elaborate metal wealth, trade in a wide range of goods, as well as raiding and warfare. For this reason, the focus of this book is on the integration and interaction of subsistence and political economies in a comparative analyses between different local constellations within the macro-economic setting of prehistoric Europe. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core
Supply Chain Management

Supply Chain Management
  • Sharon J. Williams
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Creating a well-integrated, resilient, and highly transparent supply chain is central to effective and safe patient care. But managing healthcare supply chains is complex; common challenges include the underuse, overuse, and misuse of health resources. This Element introduces the key principles and definitions of healthcare supply chains. Practical insights into the design and operation of healthcare supply chains are provided. Core characteristics of effective supply chain management such as performance management, systems thinking, and supply chain integration are examined along with the application of specific supply chain design and improvement approaches. Finally, the Element proposes areas that require further development both in research and practice. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Neurosurgical Handovers and Standards for Emergency Care

Neurosurgical Handovers and Standards for Emergency Care
  • Simon Lammy, Jennifer Brown
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • One of the biggest challenges as a neurosurgical trainee is to master the handover. This requires developing an organisational efficiency to concisely relay relevant patient information to a suitably qualified person to execute a given task. A trainee can work extremely hard during an on call, making suitable decisions, implementing previous plans to perfection and covering slack in a team. But if the presentation of this work is unclear then it undoes a lot of that hard work and generates an impression of a trainee being disorganised. Success in a handover requires an understanding of whom you are talking to, what you are saying, how you are saying it and if the way you are communicating gains and maintains interest. Above all a handover should ensure the smooth continuity of care of a patient.
Ruptured Supratentorial Cerebral Artery Aneurysm with Large Intracerebral Haematoma

Ruptured Supratentorial Cerebral Artery Aneurysm with Large Intracerebral Haematoma
  • Samuel Hall, Diederik Bulters
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    12 December 2024
  • The ruptured aneurysm with an intracerebral haematoma is a commonly encountered neurosurgical emergency. The options for management of this situation have evolved with the changes in neurovascular surgery training and widespread use of endovascular techniques for aneurysm occlusion. This Element will discuss the differences between subarachnoid haemorrhage with or without an intracerebral haematoma including presentation, imaging and outcomes. The authors present their preferred surgical strategy including practical guidance on how to handle difficult situations such as the intra-operative rupture.
Female Anger in Crime Fiction

Female Anger in Crime Fiction
  • Caroline Reitz
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    12 December 2024
  • Feminist anger is having a moment, but the double meaning of 'mad' as angry and crazy has shaped the representation of women in popular crime fiction since Lady Audley burned down the house over 150 years ago. But when is anger just, when is it revenge, and when is it maddening? This Element will explore the ethics and efficacy of anger in female-centered crime fiction from its first stirrings in the 19th century through second wave feminism's angry, individualist heroes until today's current explosion of women who reject respectability and justification. It will also examine recent challenges to our understanding of the genre posed both by feminist care ethics and by intersectional crime fiction. This Element considers anger as the appropriate affect for women fighting for justice and explores how it shapes the representation of female detectives, relates to the crimes they investigate, and complicates ideas around justice.
Libraries and the Academic Book

Libraries and the Academic Book
  • Matthew J. Shaw
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    12 December 2024
  • This Element explores the history of the relationship between libraries and the academic book. It provides an overview of the development of the publishing history of the scholarly - or academic - book, and related creation of the modern research library. It argues that libraries played an important role in the birth and growth of the academic book, and explores how publishers, readers and libraries helped to develop the format and scholarly and publishing environments that now underpin contemporary scholarly communications. It concludes with an appraisal of the current state of the field and how business, technology and policy are mapping a variety of potential routes to the future.
The Adaptability of the Chinese Communist Party

The Adaptability of the Chinese Communist Party
  • Martin K. Dimitrov
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    December 2024
    Print publication:
    31 January 2025
  • The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) celebrated its one-hundredth birthday in 2021. Its durability poses a twofold question: How has the party survived thus far? And is its survival formula sustainable in the future? This Element argues that the CCP has displayed a continuous capacity for adaptation, most recently in response to the 1989 Tiananmen protests and the collapse of communism in Europe. As the CCP evaluated the lessons of 1989, it identified four threats to single-party rule: economic stagnation; socioeconomic discontent; ideological subversion; and political pluralism. These threats have led to adaptive responses: allowing more private activity; expansion of the social safety net; promotion of indigenous cultural production; and rival incorporation into the party. Although these responses have enabled the CCP to survive thus far, each is reaching its limit. As adaptation stagnates, the strategy has been to increase repression, which creates doubt about the ongoing viability of single-party rule.

  • 8 - Transition to turbulence

  • from Part 1 - Fundamentals
  • Ye Zhou, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California
  • Book:
    Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence
    Published online:
    27 June 2024
    Print publication:
    30 November 2024, pp 149-158

  • Summary

    It is critical to evaluate whether the flow has transitioned into turbulence because most of the impact of large-scale mixing occurs when the flow becomes fully developed turbulence. Hydrodynamic instability flows are even more complex because of their time-dependent nature; therefore, both spatial and temporal criteria will be introduced in great detail to demonstrate the necessary and sufficient conditions for the flow to transition to turbulence. These criteria will be extremely helpful for designing experiments and numeric simulations with the goal to study large-scale turbulence mixing. One spatial criterion is that the Reynolds number must achieve a critical minimum value of 160,000. In addition, the temporal criteria suggest that flows need to be given approximately four eddy-turnover-times. This chapter will expand on these issues.

  • 5 - Global features from the lens of integrated mixingmeasurements

  • from Part 1 - Fundamentals
  • Ye Zhou, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California
  • Book:
    Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence
    Published online:
    27 June 2024
    Print publication:
    30 November 2024, pp 91-110

  • Summary

    We focus on three integrated measures of the mixing: the mixed-width, mixedness, and mixed mass. I will also examine the dependence of these mixing parameters on density disparities, Mach numbers, and other flow properties. It is shown that the mixed mass is nondecreasing. The asymmetry of the bubble and spike is also discussed.

Machine Learning with Python
  • Principles and Practical Techniques
  • Parteek Bhatia
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    November 2024
    Print publication:
    31 December 2024
  • Machine learning has become a dominant problem-solving technique in the modern world, with applications ranging from search engines and social media to self-driving cars and artificial intelligence. This lucid textbook presents the theoretical foundations of machine learning algorithms, and then illustrates each concept with its detailed implementation in Python to allow beginners to effectively implement the principles in real-world applications. All major techniques, such as regression, classification, clustering, deep learning, and association mining, have been illustrated using step-by-step coding instructions to help inculcate a 'learning by doing' approach. The book has no prerequisites, and covers the subject from the ground up, including a detailed introductory chapter on the Python language. As such, it is going to be a valuable resource not only for students of computer science, but also for anyone looking for a foundation in the subject, as well as professionals looking for a ready reckoner.

  • 9 - Influence of initial conditions

  • from Part 2 - Hydrodynamics of Complex Flows
  • Ye Zhou, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California
  • Book:
    Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence
    Published online:
    27 June 2024
    Print publication:
    30 November 2024, pp 161-182

  • Summary

    There is significant simulation and experimental evidence suggesting that hydrodynamic instability induced flows may be dependent on how the initial conditions are set up. The initial surface perturbations, density disparity, and the strength of the shockwaves could all be factors that lead to a completely different flow field in later stages.

  • 3 - The nonlinear stage for a singlemode

  • from Part 1 - Fundamentals
  • Ye Zhou, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California
  • Book:
    Hydrodynamic Instabilities and Turbulence
    Published online:
    27 June 2024
    Print publication:
    30 November 2024, pp 39-65

  • Summary

    The nonlinear stage starts when the amplitude of the unstable flow feature becomes significant. This chapter first studies the nonlinear growth of the interface amplitude and its associated terminal velocity with potential flow models, both for RM and RT. Next, one describes several models intended to predict the evolution of the bubble and spike heights, and the corresponding velocities, for the nonlinear stage. The success and limitations of each model are assessed with comparison to experiments and numerical simulations. The sensitivities to viscosity, density ratio and Mach number are discussed.

Page 92 of 165791