We study Schubert polynomials using geometry of infinite-dimensional flag varieties and degeneracy loci. Applications include Graham-positivity of coefficients appearing in equivariant coproduct formulas and expansions of back-stable and enriched Schubert polynomials. We also construct an embedding of the type C flag variety and study the corresponding pullback map on (equivariant) cohomology rings.

Does shaming human rights violators shape attitudes at home? A growing literature studies the effect of shaming on public attitudes in the target state, but far less is known about its effect in countries initiating the criticism – that is the shamers. In this article, I theorize that when governments shame human rights violators they shape both government approval and human rights attitudes at home. Utilizing two US-based survey experiments, I demonstrate that by shaming foreign countries, governments can improve their image at home and virtue signal their dedication to human rights. At the same time, shaming can modestly shape tolerance towards certain domestic human rights violations. I consider the generalizability of my results through comprehensive supplementary analyses, where experimental insights are corroborated with cross-national observational data. Overall, my findings can provide valuable insight into governments’ incentives to engage in foreign criticism.

This article explores the potential of public humanities to bridge the gap between academia and the public by performing the humanities in unconventional spaces. Through two case studies – adapting George Sand’s Indiana for a local theatre production and hosting an outreach booth at a football match for their Pride game – we demonstrate the value of engaging with the public, rather than presenting research to the public. By reflecting on these experiments, we discuss what it means to do the public humanities dialogically and what we learned from this process. Our experiments reveal that effective public humanities require collapsing the divide between academia and the public by meeting audiences where they are and fostering reciprocal learning. By integrating academic insights into popular contexts, we demonstrate how the humanities remain vital and relevant. These initiatives challenge traditional models of outreach, affirming the discipline’s role as a collaborative, dynamic field that thrives through active dialogue with diverse communities.

We report the first record of fecampiidan platyhelminths parasitic in tanaidacean crustaceans. Two fecampiidans (0.75 mm and 1.10 mm in length) were found in a female of Pseudotanais sp. (Pseudotanaidae; 1.75 mm in length) collected at 794 m depth off the southern coast of Japan, northwestern Pacific. Fresh individuals were yellow or light yellow, but completely faded in ethanol. In a maximum likelihood tree based on 28S rRNA sequences, the parasite was placed in a moderately-supported Fecampiidae clade, suggesting it is a member of Fecampiidae. The 28S sequence from the parasite was 25.0%, 32.6%, and 35.5% divergent in Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distance from Fecampia cf. abyssicola, Kronborgia cf. amphipodicola, and Kronborgia isopodicola sequences, respectively.

Human toxocariasis is a neglected parasitic disease with a global distribution, treated with current anthelmintics that have low to moderate efficacy, and requires the discovery of novel drugs. Camphor derivatives have antimicrobial properties against various pathogens such as fungi and bacteria. This study aimed to identify a camphor derivative with activity against Toxocara canis larvae and evaluate its cytotoxicity, in silico bioavailability, and in vivo activity in Swiss mice infected with this parasite. Three compounds were tested in vitro in duplicate at a concentration of 1.0 to 0.05 mg/mL in a microplate containing 100 T. canis larvae in RPMI-1640 medium incubated for 48 h at 37°C and 5% CO2. The compound (E)-2-((1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-ylidene)amino)phenol (C2) presented a minimum larvicidal concentration (MLC) of 0.25 mg/mL and was selected for the subsequent steps. This compound showed 100% cell viability in MLC and adequate bioavailability in computational models. Two subsequent in vivo tests were performed on Swiss mice inoculated with 500 T. canis infective eggs through intragastric (IG) intubation, one at 10 days post-inoculation (n=5) and the other at 30 days post-inoculation (n=10). The selected compound (10 mg/kg, via IG) and two controls (albendazole, 40 mg/kg, IG and phosphate buffered saline 0,15M, pH 7,2, via IG) were used for this evaluation. The compound reduced the intensity of infection by 75.7% and 54.8% at 10 and 30 days post inoculation, respectively (p<0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that this compound has potential as an anthelmintic candidate for visceral toxocariasis treatment.

Understanding the interactions between law, technology and society writ large is a very important task for legal analysis. However, the relationship between these areas can be very complex, resulting in a complex web of interactions and feedbacks. Fortunately, Science and Technology Studies (‘STS’) offers a varied toolkit which can help us to understand how these fields overlap.

In this article, I first providing a brief primer regarding STS and its core ideas. The article then considers some high-level legal discussions (particularly those relating to the concept of technology neutral law, and of Lawrence Lessig’s four modalities of regulation) and considers how STS may help to compliment or expand upon those debates. The article then examines how STS may assist with some current legal discussions, focusing on issues that arise from certain types of automated decision-making, as governed by the GDPR, Article 22. Finally, I provide some starting points for those wishing to incorporate STS into their own work, including some of STS’s limitations for law. I conclude that STS can be a very powerful tool for legal scholars, which can help to reinforce existing approaches and to produce analyses which reflect a fuller range of legal, technical and social nuances.

Navigational safety is one of the important focuses of Maritime Education and Training (MET), and the quality of MET is the key to cultivating competent officers at sea. This study aims to understand better the effects of a rapid training method on ship handling and navigation in restricted waters, as well as decision-making skills under stressful situations. Tests were carried out in a simulator-based maritime training environment to explore the decision-making skills of maritime students in stressful situations under different training levels and methods. This study compares routine maritime training and task-aimed rapid training in improving manoeuvring and navigational and decision-making skills, and examines the training outcomes. The data used in this study is based on comparing the task performance and stress levels of the two groups of students using simulator-based training results from a designed scenario. The results analyse the training outcomes of decision-making skills and maritime operation performance by applying a specific decision-making model. In addition, the impact of students' stress levels was examined, both subjectively and objectively. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for the design of future MET. The research helps enhance decision-making skills in maritime training programmes and understanding how learning in simulator-based maritime training environments can be improved.

The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis encompasses heterogeneous presentations, many of the diagnostic criteria are not trauma-related and almost all PTSD symptoms are common to several psychiatric diagnoses. Flashbacks are the only symptom unique to PSTD. However, the absence of a consensus definition of flashbacks means that this term means different things to different people, causing misunderstanding and miscommunication, and presumably affecting treatment. This Refreshment discusses how flashbacks are defined in DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 (essentially, as reliving/re-experiencing when awake) and briefly describes the dual representation theory's account of flashbacks. In discussing what flashbacks are and are not, it aims to promote improved understanding, assessment and diagnosis of PTSDs.

Differences in brachyuran morphology among and between juveniles and adults as well as sexual dimorphism are not well studied among extinct brachyuran crabs. Carapace dimorphism and morphological changes during growth have received little attention in fossil crabs. Tetracarcinus subquadratus Weller, 1905, Dakoticancer australis Rathbun, 1935, and Seorsus wadei Bishop, 1988 are herein synonymized on the basis of examination of dozens to hundreds of specimens of each from the same locality. Synoriacarcinus new genus is named to embrace two species previously referred to Seorsus Bishop, 1988, Synoriacarcinus millerae (Bishop, 1992), new combination, and Synoriacarcinus kauffmani (Feldmann et al., 2013), new combination. Both Dakoticancridae and Ibericancridae were well established on coastal North America during the Late Cretaceous but became extinct in the end-Cretaceous event.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/2eab7247-6235-435d-8eb1-b40d5a633e2b

We present findings from historical microdata that suggest former rural elites effectively preserved their socio-economic advantages into the early People's Republic of China (PRC, circa 1949–1965) by exploiting urban–rural differences in government policies. In particular, former rural elites were three to four times more likely than poor peasants to move to a nearby town, and this urbanization was highly associated with socio-economic privileges in a rapidly developing economy, including both income and educational opportunities. We also find evidence that after 1949, former rural elites who did urbanize were more likely than their poor peasant counterparts to find industrial jobs.

Typically, weed density is used to predict weed-induced yield loss, as it is easy and quick to quantify, even though it does not account for weed size and time of emergence relative to the crop. Weed-crop leaf area relations, while more difficult to measure, inherently account for differences in plant size, representing weed-crop interference more accurately than weed density alone. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) may allow for efficient quantification of weed and crop leaf cover over a large scale. It was hypothesized that UAS imagery could be used to predict maize yield loss based on weed-crop leaf cover ratios. A yield loss model for maize (Zea mays L.) was evaluated for accuracy using 15- and 30-m altitude aerial RGB and four-band multispectral imagery collected at four North Carolina locations. The model consistently over and underpredicted yield loss when observed yield loss was less than and greater than 3000 kg ha-1, respectively. Altitude and sensor type did not influence the accuracy of the prediction. A correction for the differences between predicted and observed yield loss was incorporated into the linear model to improve overall precision. The correction resulted in r2 increasing from 0.17 to 0.97 and a reduction in RMSE from 705 kg ha-1 to 219 kg ha-1. The results indicated that UAS images can be used to develop predictive models for weed-induced yield loss prior to canopy closure, making it possible for growers to plan production and financial decisions before the end of the growing season.

In this paper, a large, compact array antenna that can be expanded in the 2-D plane is proposed for near-field radio frequency identification applications. By the introduction of the fractal structure and corner joint method, the array is easy to expand in the 2-D plane. An antenna element can be divided into a dozen or so loops, and traveling wave distribution makes sure that every loop is excited in a time period. So that a strong and uniform magnetic field could be generated in a large area. As a proof of concept, array antennas with $1 \times 8$, $2 \times 4$, and $3 \times 3$ elements are designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured bandwidth of the antennas covers the entire Chinese standard. Reading distances of the proposed large array antennas achieved up to 57 mm. Results show that the proposed antenna could realize flexibility and extendibility in a large area with stable and uniform magnetic field distribution.

This special Themed Collection of The Economic and Labour Relations Review examines the ‘Economics of Occupational Health and Safety’ (OHS). The economics of OHS looks at how economic structures and incentives, including labour markets and production processes, influence the health and wellbeing of workers and the communities where they live. It is a large and diverse subject that has been viewed from multiple different lenses. This thematic issue can only touch on some of these but will remind readers how economic incentives and industrial competitive pressures affect OHS. This editorial will take the form of an article which explores some of these intersections and places them in a wider context. To do this, the economics of OHS will not only be examined in terms of economic welfare and microeconomics at the industry and workplace level, but also from an historical perspective, as well as the intersection of these levels, thus providing a useful framework to shape research and discussion.