A review is presented of some recent advances in variational and numerical methods for symmetric matrix pencils λA – B in which A is nonsingular, A and B are hermitian, but neither is definite. The topics covered include minimax and maximin characterisations of eigenvalues, perturbation by semidefinite matrices and interlacing properties of real eigenvalues, Rayleigh quotient algorithms and their convergence properties, Rayleigh-Ritz methods employing Krylov subspaces, and a generalised Lanczos algorithm.

A permutation group is highly transitive if it is n–transitive for every positive integer n. A group G of order-preserving permutations of the rational line Q is highly order-transitive if for every α1 < … < αn and β1 < … < βn in Q there exists g ∈ G such that αig = βi, i = 1, …, n. The free group Fn(2 ≤ η ≤ אo) can be faithfully represented as a highly order-transitive group of order-preserving permutations of Q, and also (reproving a theorem of McDonough) as a highly transitive group on the natural numbers N. If G and H are nontrivial countable groups having faithful representations as groups of order-preserving permutations of Q, then their free product G * H has such a representation which in addition is highly order-transitive. If G and H are nontrivial finite or countable groups and if H has an element of infinite order, then G * H can be faithfully represented as a highly transitive group on N. Some of the representations of Fη on Q can be extended to faithful representations of the free lattice-ordered group Lη.

This paper presents an algorithm, motivated by Morse Theory, for the topological configuration of the components of a real algebraic curve {f(x, y) = 0}. The running time of the algorithm is O(n12 (d + log n)2 log n), where n, d are the degree and maximum coefficient size of f(x, y).

The discrete time scale Liapunov theory is extended to time dependent, higher order, nonlinear difference equations in a partially ordered topological space. The monotone convergence of the solution is examined and the speed of convergence is estimated.

A module RM is said to be retractable if HomR (M, U) ≠ 0 for each nonzero submodule U of M. M is said to be a CS module if every complement submodule of M is a direct summand in M. Retractable modules are compared to nondegenerate modules on the one hand and to e–retractable modules on the other (nondegenerate implies retractable implies e–retractable); and it is shown that if M is nonsingular and retractable, then EndRM is a left CS ring if and only if M is a CS module.

Banach space embeddings of the Orlicz space Lp + Lq and the Lorentz space Lp, q into the Lebesgue-Bochner space Lr(ls) are demonstrated for appropriate ranges of the parameters.

Jakóbczak and Mazur found the L2-angle between two concentric rings on the complex plane. In this note we investigate the same case but for spaces of square integrable functions with various weights. Moreover the continuity of the L2-angle for the Fock space is examined.

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour, as |x| → ∞, of solutions to the initial value problem in nonlinear three-dimensional thermoelasticity in some weighted Sobolev spaces. We show that under some conditions, solutions decrease fast for each t as x tends to infinity. We also consider the possible extension of the method presented in this paper to the initial boundary value problem in exterior domains.

The main result of this paper is that a continuous convex function with domain in a locally convex space factors through a normed space. In a recent paper by Sharp, topological linear spaces are categorised according to the differentiability properties of their continuous convex functions; we show that under suitable conditions the classification is preserved by linear maps. A technique for deducing results for locally convex spaces from Banach space theory is an immediate consequence. Examples are given and Asplund C(S) spaces are characterised.

In this paper we determine the left ideals in the near-ring Aff(V) of all affine transformations of a vector space V. It is shown that there is a Galois correspondence between the filters of affine subspaces of V and those left ideals of Aff(V) which are not left invariant. In particular, the not left invariant finitely generated left ideals of Aff(V) are precisely the annihilators of the affine subspaces of V. A similar correspondence exists between the filters of linear subspaces of V and the left invariant left ideals of Aff (V). If V is finite-dimensional, then all left ideals of Aff(V) are finitely generated.

In this paper the result of Sobczyk about complemented copies of c0 is extended to a class of Banach spaces X such that the unit ball of their dual endowed with the weak* topology has a certain topological property satisfied by every Corson-compact space. By means of a simple example it is shown that if Corson-compact is replaced by Rosenthal-compact, this extension does not hold. This example gives an easy proof of a result of Phillips and an easy solution to a question of Sobczyk about the existence of a Banach space E, c0 ⊂ E ⊂ l∞, such that E is not complemented in l∞ and c0 is not complemented in E. Assuming the continuum hypothesis, it is proved that there exists a Rosenthal-compact space K such that C(K) has no projectional resolution of the identity.

A uniform space is trans-separable if every uniform cover has a countable subcover. We show that a uniform space is trans-separable if it contains a suitable family of precompact sets. Applying this result to locally convex spaces, we are able to deduce that the precompact subsets of a wide class of spaces are metrisable. The proof of our main Theorem is based on a cardinality argument, and is reminiscent of the classical Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem.

This paper establishes new criteria for meromorphic starlike univalent functions of the form

Further property preserving integrals are considered.

Let q be a prime power, Fq a field with q elements, f ∈ Fq[x] a polynomial of degree n ≥ 1, V(f) = #f(Fq) the number of different values f(α) of f, with α ∈ Fq, and p = q – V(f). It is shown that either ρ = 0 or 4n4 > q or 2pn > q. Hence, if q is “large” and f is not a permutation polynomial, then either n or ρ is “large”.

In this paper, sufficient conditions for oscillations of the first order neutral differential equation with variable coefficients

are obtained, where c, τ, σ and µ are positive constants, p, q ∈ C ([t0, ∞), R+).

Let T be an asymptotically nonexpansive self-mapping of a closed bounded and convex subset of a uniformly convex Banach space which satisfies Opial's condition. It is shown that, under certain assumptions, the sequence given by xn+1 = αnTn(xn) + (1 - αn)xn converges weakly to some fixed point of T. In arbitrary uniformly convex Banach spaces similar results are obtained concerning the strong convergence of (xn) to a fixed point of T, provided T possesses a compact iterate or satisfies a Frum-Ketkov condition of the fourth kind.

A new deformation lemma for functions satisfying the Palais-Smale condition on a real Banach space is obtained. This is used to deduce some critical point theorems which are extensions of some well known results.

A modified version of the smooth variational principle of Borwein and Preiss is proved. By its help it is shown that in a Banach space with uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm every continuous function, which is directionally differentiable on a dense Gδ subset of the space, is Gâteaux differentiable on a dense Gδ subset of the space.