We study almost prime solutions of systems of Diophantine equations in the Birch setting. Previous work shows that there exist integer solutions of size $B$ with each component having no prime divisors below $B^{1/u}$, where $u$ equals $c_{0}n^{3/2}$, $n$ is the number of variables and $c_{0}$ is a constant depending on the degree and the number of equations. We improve the polynomial growth $n^{3/2}$ to the logarithmic $(\log n)(\log \log n)^{-1}$. Our main new ingredients are the generalization of the Brüdern–Fouvry vector sieve in any dimension and the incorporation of smooth weights into the Davenport–Birch version of the circle method.

We generalize the work of Sarnak and Tsimerman to twisted sums of Kloosterman sums and thus give evidence towards the twisted Linnik–Selberg conjecture.

It was shown by Gruslys, Leader and Tan that any finite subset of $\mathbb{Z}^{n}$ tiles $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ for some $d$. The first non-trivial case is the punctured interval, which consists of the interval $\{-k,\ldots ,k\}\subset \mathbb{Z}$ with its middle point removed: they showed that this tiles $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$ for $d=2k^{2}$, and they asked if the dimension needed tends to infinity with $k$. In this note we answer this question: we show that, perhaps surprisingly, every punctured interval tiles $\mathbb{Z}^{4}$.

Using work of the first author [S. Bettin, High moments of the Estermann function. Algebra Number Theory 47(3) (2018), 659–684], we prove a strong version of the Manin–Peyre conjectures with a full asymptotic and a power-saving error term for the two varieties respectively in $\mathbb{P}^{2}\times \mathbb{P}^{2}$ with bihomogeneous coordinates $[x_{1}:x_{2}:x_{3}],[y_{1}:y_{2},y_{3}]$ and in $\mathbb{P}^{1}\times \mathbb{P}^{1}\times \mathbb{P}^{1}$ with multihomogeneous coordinates $[x_{1}:y_{1}],[x_{2}:y_{2}],[x_{3}:y_{3}]$ defined by the same equation $x_{1}y_{2}y_{3}+x_{2}y_{1}y_{3}+x_{3}y_{1}y_{2}=0$. We thus improve on recent work of Blomer et al [The Manin–Peyre conjecture for a certain biprojective cubic threefold. Math. Ann. 370 (2018), 491–553] and provide a different proof based on a descent on the universal torsor of the conjectures in the case of a del Pezzo surface of degree 6 with singularity type $\mathbf{A}_{1}$ and three lines (the other existing proof relying on harmonic analysis by Chambert-Loir and Tschinkel [On the distribution of points of bounded height on equivariant compactifications of vector groups. Invent. Math. 148 (2002), 421–452]). Together with Blomer et al [On a certain senary cubic form. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 108 (2014), 911–964] or with work of the second author [K. Destagnol, La conjecture de Manin pour une famille de variétés en dimension supérieure. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 166(3) (2019), 433–486], this settles the study of the Manin–Peyre conjectures for this equation.

We study the heat semigroup maximal operator associated with a well-known orthonormal system in the $d$-dimensional ball. The corresponding heat kernel is shown to satisfy Gaussian bounds. As a consequence, we can prove weighted $L^{p}$ estimates, as well as some weighted inequalities in mixed norm spaces, for this maximal operator.

We prove that, for any finite set $A\subset \mathbb{Q}$ with $|AA|\leqslant K|A|$ and any positive integer $k$, the $k$-fold product set of the shift $A+1$ satisfies the bound

$$\begin{eqnarray}|\{(a_{1}+1)(a_{2}+1)\cdots (a_{k}+1):a_{i}\in A\}|\geqslant \frac{|A|^{k}}{(8k^{4})^{kK}}.\end{eqnarray}$$

$K$

$c\log |A|$

$c=c(k)$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$

Assuming a conjecture on distinct zeros of Dirichlet $L$-functions we get asymptotic results on the average number of representations of an integer as the sum of two primes in arithmetic progression. On the other hand the existence of good error terms gives information on the location of zeros of $L$-functions. Similar results are obtained for an integer in a congruence class expressed as the sum of two primes.

We obtain a non-trivial bound for cancellations between the Kloosterman sums modulo a large prime power with a prime argument running over very short intervals, which in turn is based on a new estimate on bilinear sums of Kloosterman sums. These results are analogues of those obtained by various authors for Kloosterman sums modulo a prime. However, the underlying technique is different and allows us to obtain non-trivial results starting from much shorter ranges.

We discuss 1-factorizations of complete graphs that “match” a given Hadamard matrix. We prove the existence of these factorizations for two families of Hadamard matrices: Walsh matrices and certain Paley matrices.

We study the number of non-trivial simple zeros of the Dedekind zeta-function of a quadratic number field in the rectangle $\{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}+\text{i}t:0<\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}<1,0<t<T\}$. We prove that such a number exceeds $T^{6/7-\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}}$ if $T$ is sufficiently large. This improves upon the classical lower bound $T^{6/11}$ established by Conrey et al [Simple zeros of the zeta function of a quadratic number field. I. Invent. Math.86 (1986), 563–576].

Extending the notion of regularity introduced by Dickson in 1939, a positive definite ternary integral quadratic form is said to be spinor regular if it represents all the positive integers represented by its spinor genus (that is, all positive integers represented by any form in its spinor genus). Jagy conducted an extensive computer search for primitive ternary quadratic forms that are spinor regular, but not regular, resulting in a list of 29 such forms. In this paper, we will prove that there are no additional forms with this property.

We prove an inverse theorem for the Gowers $U^{2}$-norm for maps $G\rightarrow {\mathcal{M}}$ from a countable, discrete, amenable group $G$ into a von Neumann algebra ${\mathcal{M}}$ equipped with an ultraweakly lower semi-continuous, unitarily invariant (semi-)norm $\Vert \cdot \Vert$. We use this result to prove a stability result for unitary-valued $\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}$-representations $G\rightarrow {\mathcal{U}}({\mathcal{M}})$ with respect to $\Vert \cdot \Vert$.

We answer a challenge posed in Booker [$L$-functions as distributions. Math. Ann. 363(1–2) (2015), 423–454, §1.3] by proving a version of Weil’s converse theorem [Über die Bestimmung Dirichletscher Reihen durch Funktionalgleichungen, Math. Ann. 168 (1967), 149–156] that assumes a functional equation for character twists but allows their root numbers to vary arbitrarily.

In this paper we investigate the moments and the distribution of $L(1,\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D})$, where $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D}$ varies over quadratic characters associated to square-free polynomials $D$ of degree $n$ over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$, as $n\rightarrow \infty$. Our first result gives asymptotic formulas for the complex moments of $L(1,\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D})$ in a large uniform range. Previously, only the first moment has been computed due to the work of Andrade and Jung. Using our asymptotic formulas together with the saddle-point method, we show that the distribution function of $L(1,\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D})$ is very close to that of a corresponding probabilistic model. In particular, we uncover an interesting feature in the distribution of large (and small) values of $L(1,\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D})$, which is not present in the number field setting. We also obtain $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}$-results for the extreme values of $L(1,\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}_{D})$, which we conjecture to be the best possible. Specializing $n=2g+1$ and making use of one case of Artin’s class number formula, we obtain similar results for the class number $h_{D}$ associated to $\mathbb{F}_{q}(T)[\sqrt{D}]$. Similarly, specializing to $n=2g+2$ we can appeal to the second case of Artin’s class number formula and deduce analogous results for $h_{D}R_{D}$, where $R_{D}$ is the regulator of $\mathbb{F}_{q}(T)[\sqrt{D}]$.

We show that under the Eikonal abrasion model, prescribing uniform normal speed in the direction of the inward surface normal, the isoperimetric quotient of a convex shape is decreasing monotonically.

Using previous results about shadow systems and Steiner symmetrization, we prove that the local maximizers of the volume product of convex bodies are actually the global maximizers, that is: ellipsoids.

The paper is concerned with the Steklov eigenvalue problem on cuboids of arbitrary dimension. We prove a two-term asymptotic formula for the counting function of Steklov eigenvalues on cuboids in dimension $d\geqslant 3$. Apart from the standard Weyl term, we calculate explicitly the second term in the asymptotics, capturing the contribution of the $(d-2)$-dimensional facets of a cuboid. Our approach is based on lattice counting techniques. While this strategy is similar to the one used for the Dirichlet Laplacian, the Steklov case carries additional complications. In particular, it is not clear how to establish directly the completeness of the system of Steklov eigenfunctions admitting separation of variables. We prove this result using a family of auxiliary Robin boundary value problems. Moreover, the correspondence between the Steklov eigenvalues and lattice points is not exact, and hence more delicate analysis is required to obtain spectral asymptotics. Some other related results are presented, such as an isoperimetric inequality for the first Steklov eigenvalue, a concentration property of high frequency Steklov eigenfunctions and applications to spectral determination of cuboids.

We examine correlations of the Möbius function over $\mathbb{F}_{q}[t]$ with linear or quadratic phases, that is, averages of the form 1

$$\begin{eqnarray}\frac{1}{q^{n}}\mathop{\sum }_{\deg f<n}\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}(f)\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(Q(f))\end{eqnarray}$$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}$

$\mathbb{F}_{q}$

$Q\in \mathbb{F}_{q}[x_{0},\ldots ,x_{n-1}]$

$x_{0},\ldots ,x_{n-1}$

$f=\sum _{i<n}x_{i}t^{i}$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$

$O_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}}(q^{(-1/4+\unicode[STIX]{x1D716})n})$

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}>0$

$Q$

$O(q^{-n^{c}})$

$c>0$

$Q$

$O(q^{-c^{\prime }n})$

$c^{\prime }>0$

$Q(f)$

$f^{2}$

We provide a unified approach that encompasses some integral formulas for functions of the visual angle of a compact convex set due to Crofton, Hurwitz and Masotti. The basic tool is an integral formula that also allows us to integrate new functions of the visual angle. Also, we establish some upper and lower bounds for the considered integrals, generalizing, in particular, those obtained by Santaló for Masotti’s integral.