Human rights — Right to strike in public service — Treaty of Versailles, 1919, Part XIII — International Labour Organization Convention Concerning Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize, 1948 — Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 — International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966 — Alberta statute prohibiting strikes by employees in public service — Whether contrary to Canada’s international legal obligations — Public Service Employee Relations Act 1977

Sources of international law — Customary international law — Treaties — Custom as evidence of general practice — International conventions establishing rules expressly recognized by contesting States — Right to strike ensured to all employees including public employees except in essential services — Whether part of customary international law — Whether conventional international law — Treaty of Versailles, 1919, Part XIII — International Labour Organization Convention concerning Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize, 1948 — Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 — United Nations Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966 — The law of Canada

State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Torts causing personal injury — Torture allegedly committed by foreign government on foreign territory — Whether government entitled to immunity in respect of action for injury caused by torture — Whether exception to immunity for acts in violation of international law — Exception to immunity for actions in respect of personal injury caused by acts or omissions inside the United Kingdom — State Immunity Act 1978, Sections 1 and 5 — Ex parte application for leave to serve proceedings out of the jurisdiction

Human rights — Torture — Civil action against foreign government in respect of torture — Whether government entitled to sovereign immunity — The law of England

Individuals–Position of–Obligations Imposed upon Aliens Resident in Territory of Contracting Parties.

Treaties — Interpretation — Literal Interpretation.

Human rights — Torture — Detention — Extra-judicial rendition — Justiciability — Action in domestic court against organs of the forum State — Allegations that those organs complicit in violations of fundamental human rights by foreign States — Whether justiciable

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Act of State — Different doctrines of act of State — Act of foreign State — Different concepts — Rule of private international law that legislation of a foreign State presumed valid in respect of property located within the territory of the State — Possible rule that acts of a State within its own territory relating to property not to be questioned — Rule that certain acts of State performed outside the territory of the State on the plane of international law not justiciable in the domestic courts of another State — Limits of doctrine — Public policy exception — Whether doctrine applicable where allegations of violations of jus cogens or fundamental human rights

Sources of international law — Customary international law — Jus cogens — Significance in proceedings in domestic courts

State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Whether State indirectly impleaded — Action in English courts against United Kingdom Government departments and officials — Allegation of complicity in unlawful acts by foreign States — Whether foreign States indirectly impleaded — Whether State immunity applicable — State Immunity Act 1978 — United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and their Property, 2004 — Relationship between State immunity and foreign act of State doctrine — The law of England

Belligerent Occupation — Nature of — Government-in-Exile — Legislation of — Validity of.

Belligerent Occupation — Respect for Private Rights — Spoliation — Recognition in Neutral States.

Recognition of Acts of Foreign States and Governments — Public Law of Foreign State — Public Law Aimed at Protecting Private Interests — Legislation to Restore Property Rights of Persons Dispossessed during Belligerent Occupation — Recognition in Third State — Belligerent Occupation — Government-in-Exile — Legislation of — Validity of.

Mandates — General Status of — Obligations of the Mandatory — Whether Part of the International Obligations of the Mandated Territory — Responsibility of the Mandatory for Infractions of International Law in the Mandated Territory.

International Court of Justice — Provisional measures of protection — Requirement of prima facie basis for jurisdiction on the merits — Whether Court possessing compulsory jurisdiction — Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963 — Article I of the Optional Protocol concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes, 1963 — Criteria for indicating measures — Risk of irreparable damage to rights — Urgency — Whether grave and exceptional circumstances requiring Court to indicate measures for a stay of execution — Statute of the International Court of Justice, Article 41

Consular relations — Right of access to consul for person arrested — Paraguayan national sentenced to death by court in United States of America — Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, 1963 — Article 36(1) (b) — Failure of arresting authorities to inform of right to contact Paraguayan consulate — Effect of non-notification — Whether United States of America violating its international legal obligations with respect to Vienna Convention — Whether Paraguay entitled to remedy restitutio in integrum under Vienna Convention

War — Enemy Character — Of Individuals — Persons in Occupied Enemy Territory after Termination of Hostilities — Citizen Resident in Enemy Territory — Right to Sue.

Treaties — Operation of — Buganda Agreement, 1955 — Interpretation of municipal legislation giving effect to Treaty — The law of Uganda.