No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Motivational constructs: Real, causally powerful, not psychologically constructed
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 January 2025
Abstract
Murayama and Jach criticize the use of high-level motivational constructs in psychology, urging psychologists to “unpack” the black box. These constructs are alleged to be “psychological constructions” with no causal powers of their own. I argue that this view is mistaken, and that high-level motivational constructs are causal even when unpacked in terms of underlying computational, algorithmic, and implementational processes.
- Type
- Open Peer Commentary
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press
References
Barrett, L. F. (2006). Are emotions natural kinds? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(1), 28–58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marr, D. (1982). Vision: A computational investigation into the human representation and processing of visual information. San Francisco, CA: W.H. Freeman.Google Scholar
Moors, A. (2022). Demystifying emotions: A typology of theories in psychology and philosophy. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piccinini, G. (2020). Neurocognitive mechanisms: Explaining biological cognition. Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scarantino, A. (2015). Basic emotions, psychological construction, and the problem of variability. In Barrett, L. F. & Russell, J. A. (Eds.), The psychological construction of emotion (pp. 334–376). The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Sober, E. (1998). Black box inference: When should intervening variables be postulated? The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 49(3), 469–498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Target article
A critique of motivation constructs to explain higher-order behavior: We should unpack the black box
Related commentaries (25)
Adopt process-oriented models (if they're more useful)
Almost, but not quite there: Research into the emergence of higher-order motivated behavior should fully embrace the dynamic systems approach
Beyond reductionism: Understanding motivational energization requires higher-order constructs
Connecting theories of personality dynamics and mental computational processes
Definitional devils and detail: On identifying motivation as an animating dynamic
Don't throw motivation out with the black box: The value of a good theory revisited
Endogenous reward is a bridge between social/cognitive and behavioral models of choice
Expectancy value theory's contribution to unpacking the black box of motivation
Exploring novelty to unpack the black-box of motivation
Higher-order motivational constructs as personal-level fictions: A solution in search of a problem
Human motivation is organized hierarchically, from proximal (means) to ultimate (ends)
It's bigger on the inside: mapping the black box of motivation
Mental computational processes have always been an integral part of motivation science
Motivation needs cognition but is not just about cognition
Motivational constructs: Real, causally powerful, not psychologically constructed
Motivational whack-a-mole: Foundational boxes cannot be unpacked
Needed: Clear definition and hierarchical integration of motivation constructs
Postcard from inside the black box
Predictive processing: Shedding light on the computational processes underlying motivated behavior
Resurrecting the “black-box” conundrum
The ins and outs of unpacking the black box: Understanding motivation using a multi-level approach
The role of metacognitive feelings in motivation
The unboxing has already begun: One motivation construct at a time
There's no such thing as a free lunch: A computational perspective on the costs of motivation
When unpacking the black box of motivation invites three forms of reductionism
Author response
Response to the critiques (and encouragements) on our critique of motivation constructs