On the ‘fateful day’, 5 January 1916, Asquith introduced the first National Service Bill or ‘Bachelors Bill’. It conscripted all single men (and widowers without dependent children) aged 18 to 41, apart from those that local tribunals exempted on grounds of ‘work of national importance’, hardship to their families or businesses, ill health, or conscientious objection to war. Sir John Simon resigned as Home Secretary rather than accept the bill and it was condemned by a special Labour Conference on 6 January. On the First Reading the same day, the Bill was opposed by 105 MPs. For Asquith and Simon's speeches see Hansard, 5th series, 1916, LXXVII, 949–962 and 962–978. But despite this opposition, the bill had overwhelming political support and it was law by the end of the month.