Since the invention of the Pettis integral over forty years ago [11], the problem of recognizing the Pettis integrability of a function against an individual measure has been much studied [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 20]. More recently, Riddle-Saab-Uhl [14] and Riddle-Saab [13] have considered the problem of when a function is integrable against every Radon measure on a fixed compact Hausdorff space. These papers give various sufficient conditions on a function that ensure this universal Pettis integrability. In this paper, we see how far these various conditions go toward characterizing universal Pettis integrability. We base our work on a w*-analogue of the core of a vector-valued function [8].

We also give some sufficient conditions that ensure that a Banach space has the so-called universal Pettis integral property (UPIP) and consider some particular examples of spaces with this property. It is interesting that in these examples some of the special set theoretic axioms that play an important role in the study of the stronger Pettis integral property [6, 7] make an appearance.

Let |aij|n×n denote the n × n determinant with (i, j)-entry aij, and hk = hk(x1, …, xn) denote the kth-homogeneous symmetric function of x1, …, xn defined by

where the summation is over all m1, …, mn ≧ 0 such that m1 + … + mn = k. We adopt the convention that hk = 0 for k < 0. For integers α1 ≧ α2 … ≧ αn ≧ 0, the Jacobi-Trudi identity (see [6], [7]) states that

In this paper we give a combinatorial proof of an equivalent identity, Theorem 1.1, obtained by moving the denominator on the RHS to the numerator on the LHS.

Let G be a compact Lie group and a an action of G on a C*-algebra as *-automorphisms. Let denote the set of G-finite elements for this action, i.e., the set of those such that the orbit {αg(x):g ∊ G} spans a finite dimensional space. is a common core for all the *-derivations generating one-parameter subgroups of the action α. Now let δ be a *-derivation with domain such that Let us pose the following two problems:

1. Is δ closable, and is the closure of δ the generator of a strongly continuous one-parameter group of *-automorphisms?

2. If is simple or prime, under what conditions does δ have a decomposition

where is the generator of a one-parameter subgroup of α(G) and is a bounded, or approximately bounded derivation?

Let A be an element of a complex Banach algebra with identitI. The ordinary spectrum of A, sp(A), consists of those points z in the complex plane such that A — zI has no inverse in . If Q is any other element of , we define spQ(A), the spectrum of A relative to Q, or Q-spectrum of A, as those points z such that has no inverse in . Thus if Q = 0 the Q-spectrum of A is the same as the ordinary spectrum of A.

The generalized notion of spectrum, spQ(A), retains many of the properties of the ordinary spectrum, particularly when A and Q commute and the ordinary spectrum of Q does not meet the unit circle. Under these conditions the Q-spectrum of A is a nonempty compact subset of the plane, and if both sp(A) and sp(Q) are finite (or countable), so is spQ(A).

Let e be an integer ≧ 2, and p a prime = 1 (mod e). Euler's criterion states that for D ∊ Z,

(1.1)

if and only if D is an e-th power residue (mod p). If D is not an e-th power (mod p), one has

(1.2)

for some e-th root α(≠1) of unity (mod p). Sometimes expressions for roots of unity (mod p) can be given in terms of quadratic partitions of p. For example,

(1.3)

are the four distinct fourth roots of unity (mod p) for a prime p ≡ 1 (mod 4) in terms of a solution (a, b) of the diophantine system

(a, b unique), whereas for p ≡ 1 (mod 3), a solution (L, M) of the system

gives

(1.4)

as the three distinct cuberoots of unity (mod p).

Suppose that G is a reductive algebraic group defined over Q. There occurs in the trace formula a remarkable distribution on G(A)1 which is supported on the unipotent set. It is defined quite concretely in terms of a certain integral over G(Q)\G(A)1. Despite its explicit description, however, this distribution is not easily expressed locally, in terms of integrals on the groups G(QV). For many applications of the trace formula, it will be essential to do this. In the present paper we shall solve the problem up to some undetermined constants.

The distribution, which we shall denote by Junip, was defined in [1] and [3] as one of a family {Jo} of distributions. It is the value at T = T0 of a certain polynomial . We shall recall the precise definition in Section 1.