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17262 results in Latin American government, politics and policy

Page 497 of 864

  • Wavering Courts: From Impunity to Accountability in Uruguay

  • ELIN SKAAR
  • Journal:
    Journal of Latin American Studies / Volume 45 / Issue 3 / August 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 August 2013, pp. 483-512
    Print publication:
    August 2013

  • Many Latin American countries are moving towards increased accountability for past human rights violations, and there is a growing global consensus that international law does not allow some crimes simply to be exempted from prosecution. Uruguay has had a deeply split response to these developments. While the Supreme Court and the political elite increasingly pushed to end impunity, the public actually ratified the 1985 amnesty law protecting the military from prosecution in a 2009 plebiscite. The amnesty law was finally abolished by Parliament in 2011. This article traces the winding road from impunity to accountability in Uruguay in the context of substantial public support for impunity. It argues that, while the lack of judicial independence obstructed the quest for justice for many years, the combination of continued civil society demands for justice met by increasingly human-rights-friendly executives and liberal-minded judges (and lately also prosecutors) explains the recent advance in retributive justice.

Law and the New Developmental State
  • The Brazilian Experience in Latin American Context
  • Edited by David M. Trubek, Helena Alviar Garcia, Diogo R. Coutinho, Alvaro Santos
  • Published online:
    05 June 2013
    Print publication:
    31 May 2013
  • This book explores the emergence of a new developmental state in Latin America and its significance for law and development theory. In Brazil since 2000, emerging forms of state activism, including a new industrial policy and a robust social policy, differ from both classic developmental state and neoliberal approaches. They favor a strong state and a strong market, employ public-private partnerships, seek to reduce inequality, and embrace the global economy. Case studies of state activism and law in Brazil show new roles emerging for legal institutions. They describe how the national development bank uses law in innovation promotion, trade law strengthens new developmental policies in export promotion and public health, and social law frames innovative poverty-relief programs that reduce inequality and stimulate demand. Contrasting Brazilian experience with Colombia and Mexico, the book underscores the unique features of Brazil's trajectory and the importance of this experience for understanding the role of law in development today.

Page 497 of 864