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17183 results in Latin American government, politics and policy

Page 281 of 860

  • 1 - Regulating Prostitution

  • Paulo Drinot, University College London
  • Book:
    The Sexual Question
    Published online:
    22 February 2020
    Print publication:
    12 March 2020, pp 24-59
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  • Summary

    This chapter examines the debates over the regulation of prostitution that took place in the nineteenth century. These debates inserted Peru into a transnational debate over how best to “govern” prostitution. Drawing on medical and legal journals, and other sources, the chapter studies the arguments that Peruvian doctors and lawyers put forward in favor of regulation as a paradigm for governing prostitution and the opposition that their proposals encountered from those who drew on abolitionist critiques of regulation and argued that regulation was both immoral and ineffective.

  • 5 - Combating Venereal Disease

  • Paulo Drinot, University College London
  • Book:
    The Sexual Question
    Published online:
    22 February 2020
    Print publication:
    12 March 2020, pp 191-231

  • Summary

    This chapter examines how doctors became increasingly critical of the approach to contain venereal disease supported by the authorities and instead favored the promotion of sex education and compulsory treatment. These views, the chapter shows, started to take shape particularly among military doctors. The strategies developed to combat venereal disease in the Army and the Navy proved influential in how the Asistencia Pública approached venereal disease in the 1930s, leading to a significant expansion in treatment facilities in the capital and the establishment a national anti-venereal strategy. This expansion coincided with growing concerns among Peru’s medical community over venereal disease among the indigenous population. It also coincided with growing attention to prostitution from criminologists and sociologists who reframed debates over prostitution in the context of a broader discussion over sexuality and changing sexual mores.

The Sexual Question
  • A History of Prostitution in Peru, 1850s–1950s
  • Paulo Drinot
  • Published online:
    22 February 2020
    Print publication:
    12 March 2020
  • The creation of Lima's red light district in 1928 marked the culminating achievement of the promoters of regulation who sought to control the spread of venereal disease by medically policing female prostitutes. Its closure in 1956 was arguably the high point of abolitionism, a transnational movement originating in the 1860s that advocated that regulation was not only ineffective from a public health perspective, but also morally wrong. The Sexual Question charts this cyclic process of regulation and abolition in Peru, uncovering the ideas, policies, and actors shaping the debates on prostitution in Lima and beyond. The history of prostitution, Paulo Drinot shows, sheds light on the interplay of gender and sexuality, medicine and public health, and nation-building and state formation in Peru. With its compelling historical lens, this landmark study offers readers an engaging narrative, and new perspectives on Latin American studies, social policy, and Peruvian history.

  • Narratives of Crisis in the Periphery of São Paulo: Place and Political Articulation during Brazil's Rightward Turn

  • Matthew Aaron Richmond
  • Journal:
    Journal of Latin American Studies / Volume 52 / Issue 2 / May 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 February 2020, pp. 241-267
    Print publication:
    May 2020

  • Between 2014 and 2018, a period marked by major political and economic upheaval, Brazilian politics shifted sharply to the Right. Presenting qualitative research conducted over 2016–17, this article examines this process from the perspectives of residents of a peripheral São Paulo neighbourhood. Analysis is presented of three broad groups of respondents, each of which mobilised a distinct narrative framework for interpreting the crisis. Based on this, I argue that the rightward turn in urban peripheries embodies not a significant ideological shift, but rather long-term transformations of place and the largely contingent ways these articulate with electoral politics.

  • Regional Growth and the Persistence of Regional Income Inequality in Argentina in the First Half of the Twentieth Century

  • María Florencia Aráoz, Esteban A. Nicolini
  • Journal:
    Journal of Latin American Studies / Volume 52 / Issue 2 / May 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    14 February 2020, pp. 293-316
    Print publication:
    May 2020

  • Southern and central regions of Argentina moved from being relatively poor in the sixteenth century to being the richest in the country today. Although there is some evidence of this reversal, the process of regional growth in Argentina in the first half of the twentieth century is, in the main, unknown. In this paper, we present an estimation of the GDPs of Argentina's 25 provinces in 1914: this is the first consistent estimation of this variable for any period before the 1950s. Our results confirm that in 1914 the city of Buenos Aires and some districts in Patagonia had the highest per capita GDP, and a comparison with the available data for 1953 shows strong persistence in incomes per capita in this period; sectoral analysis of provincial GDPs suggests that growth in the leading districts was driven by economies of agglomeration in some cases and land abundance in others.

Uneven Trajectories

Uneven Trajectories
  • Latin American Societies in the Twenty-First Century
  • Gabriela Benza, Gabriel Kessler
  • Published online:
    05 February 2020
    Print publication:
    13 February 2020
  • This Element presents the main characteristics of the current social structure in Latin America. It focuses on demographic trends, migration, families, incomes, education, health and housing, and examine the general policy trends for all of these issues. The main questions are: what is the social structure in Latin America like today? What changes have taken place in recent decades, particularly since the turn of the millennium? The authors argue that although in some dimensions there are continuities, including the persistence of problems from the past, they believe that the Latin American social structure, viewed as a whole, experienced significant transformations.

  • LAS volume 52 issue 1 Cover and Back matter

  • Journal:
    Journal of Latin American Studies / Volume 52 / Issue 1 / February 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    26 February 2020, pp. b1-b2
    Print publication:
    February 2020
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Page 281 of 860