This study is based on household budget surveys conducted in eighteen major cities of ten South American countries. The project has two major objectives: One is to present a uniform statistical analysis of the principal features of family income and expenditure; the other is to create a body of data suitable for a variety of subsequent analyses. These analyses, described below, concentrate on the relations between income and expenditure, and on the allocation of the household budget as a function of income and a variety of socioeconomic variables. Because information with wide coverage and extensive detail is rare in Latin America, much of the project effort lies in obtaining and cleaning the data.

The objective of this essay is to suggest an interpretation of the economic behavior of women in three developing economies; this involves an evaluation of the role of the sociodemographic determinants of the female labor supply vis-à-vis the role of the variables that affect the demand for their labor. A comparative study of the female labor force in Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay constitutes the basic source of empirical evidence for this paper; the purpose here is to integrate into a more general framework some of the findings of that study and infer more general propositions regarding the patterns of female employment in structurally heterogeneous economies.

This study probes two major questions of urban growth: What are the significant forces that give physical form to the city, and what are the characteristics of human relationships within the city. In answering the first, the study seeks to move beyond the long accepted “plaza orientation” of Hispanic cities to explore hypotheses such as the “pampean urban structure,” the “commercial” city, or the “commercial-bureaucratic” city. The response to the second question attempts to cast further light on the powerful influences of cultural continuity and class structure in determining human associations through family and neighborhood or in occupational and ethnic groupings. In the long run, comparison of the results of this investigation with research on Latin American cities, such as the Caracas or Mexico City projects, or with urban histories of distinct cultural areas such as Australia and the southern United States, may yield more meaningful discussion of urban patterns in the developing world.

This Survey of Latin American Studies in France was Compiled in the fall of 1967 and early 1968 with the aid of correspondents at the major universities in France, and from scholarly journals and bibliographies. The survey includes a brief discussion of the French news media's coverage of Latin America, a listing of the more important academic periodicals in the field, and a description of the universities and institutes supervising the area studies. Also, an attempt has been made to enumerate the larger research projects now in progress and to comment on general trends in all of the current research in Latin American studies in France.

Dependencia theory is in vogue among social scientists throughout the world. Having originated in Latin America in the early 1960s, it was widely embraced both there and in parts of Europe and Africa by the end of the decade. In the 1970s, North Americans joined the flood of scholars attempting to grapple with the problems of underdevelopment in the so-called Third World from a perspective explicitly rejecting traditional theories of development. With this new stream of researchers came new tools and new approaches to the study of peripheral societies, tools and approaches intended to complement those previously used within the dependencia tradition.

A major development in research in latin american humanities in recent years has been the emergence of theater as a recognized research discipline, and a consequent, although uneven, increase in published investigation. Further, there has been a major shift in emphasis, in that the formerly predominant concentration on the Colonial period and the national approach has been broadened to include a rather considerable amount of material dealing with the 20th century. Before pursuing this further, however, it is necessary to outline certain problems which distinguish research in the field from other specialities within the extremely broad scope of Hispanic literature.

Arequipa durante la Colonia se constituyó en uno de los ejes del intercambio de la región sur y alto peruana, la cuál se caracterizó por haber logrado un alto nivel autosustentado de producción agropecuaria. La emergencia de Arequipa se puede relacionar a un número de razones que lindan con la ubicación geográfica y sus características ecológicas, las características demográficas y sociales de su población, los recursos naturales disponibles, el tipo de producción agraria, la capacidad constructora urbana y la habilidad del “chacarero” arequipeño en el manejo del terreno agrícola, la existencia de grupos urbanos dinámicos vinculados a grupos extranjeros y de poder en el país, el tamaño de la ciudad y su desarrollo coherente al de la Campiña aledaña. Evidentemente unas y otras se superponen implícitamente. La ciudad tuvo un papel preponderante en la articulación de una micro-región que incluyó la Campiña, estrechamente interrelacionado a ella, los valles de la costa y otros interandinos para los cuales Arequipa se constituyó en el centro de mercadeo y servicios, de residencia y apoyo, que cubre desde lo financiero y cultural hasta lo relativo a las amenidades de la vida social.

Archives of South America The International Archival Affairs Committee of the Society of American Archivisits will conduct its second Archives Study Tour: Archives of South America, in August 1974. The tour will feature visits to public and private archival agencies, manuscript repositories, and libraries in Lima, Santiago, Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Caracas. Included also are historical orientation tours of museums and historic sites, and visits to attractions such as Iguassu Falls. An optional extension to Cuzco and Machu Picchu has been scheduled. The tour has been arranged through Sanders World Travel and is available to members of the Society, and other persons interested in archives. For further information write: SAA International Archival Affairs Committee, Frank B. Evans, Chairman, National Archives Building-Room 5E, Washington, D.C. 20408.

The origins of the Southeastern Conference on Latin American Studies (SECOLAS) are similar to those of several regional associations whose histories have previously been summarized in this journal. In an attempt to foster more and better academic courses on Latin America in the United States, the Pan American Union convened a national round table in Washington in April 1952 and, during the ensuing decade, sponsored a series of regional conferences to discuss similar problems and to provide for future cooperation and interchange. One such meeting, held on the campus of Duke University (Durham, North Carolina), 12–13 February 1954, was organized by R. L. Predmore of the host institution, and was called the “Southeastern Regional Round Table on Teaching Problems in the Field of Latin American Studies.” Aníbal Sánchez-Reulet represented the PAU and explained the history and purpose of such regional meetings, which, in other forms, had actually preceeded the Washington round table by as much as thirty-five years.

University students have long played an important role in latin american politics. Preceding by several decades the first signs of youthful protest in the United States, student activism in Latin America has been persistent and often decisive. For example, student groups were instrumental in the overthrow of regimes in Cuba (1933, 1959), Guatemala (1944), Venezuela (1958), and Bolivia (1964). At one time or another, virtually every governing strongman in the region has had to contend with varying opposition from student groups. Indeed, as Robert Alexander has noted, “in the past four decades they have constituted one of the most important pressure groups in twenty republics.”