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13049 results in East Asian government, politics and policy

Page 483 of 653

  • CQY volume 122 Back matter

  • Journal:
    The China Quarterly / Volume 122 / June 1990
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 February 2009, pp. b1-b6
    Print publication:
    June 1990
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  • The Evolution of the One-child Policy in Shaanxi, 1979–88

  • Susan Greenhalgh
  • Journal:
    The China Quarterly / Volume 122 / June 1990
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 February 2009, pp. 191-229
    Print publication:
    June 1990

  • A crucial element in China's modernization effort is the control of population growth. Months before the historic Third Plenum of the 11th Communist Party Congress in December 1978, the leadership decided that only a drastic limitation of fertility would ensure achievement of its economic goals for the year 2000. The policy to encourage all couples to limit themselves to one child was announced in January 1979. In September 1980 the Party Central Committee took the unusual step of publishing an “Open Letter” announcing a drastic programme of 20 to 30 years’ duration to restrict population growth, and calling on all Party and Youth League members to take the lead in having only one child. Thus was launched the world's most ambitious family-planning programme.

  • China's Returned Scholars and the Democracy Movement

  • Ruth Hayhoe
  • Journal:
    The China Quarterly / Volume 122 / June 1990
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 February 2009, pp. 293-302
    Print publication:
    June 1990

  • A People's.Daily editorial of 24 August 1989 heralding the early return of students to university campuses, blamed the events of May-June 1989 on students's lack of appreciation of “national essence!” (guoqing) and the fact that bourgeois liberal ideas from the west had flooded in to fill an ideological vacuum created by the lack of serious attention to education in Marxist-Leninist thought on Chinese campuses in recent years. In a long speech given before a national higher education meeting in mid July and published on 30 August, Li Tieying, head of the State Education Commission, specifically linked bourgeois liberalism and what he called “democratic individualism” with “certain courses in the social sciences” that had uncritically introduced bourgeois social theories. The suggested solution to the problem was to strengthen Party leadership on university campuses and reassert political education and education in patriotism and national identity.

    The actual response has been much harsher than that. Regular undergraduate enrolments for autumn 1989 were cut from a planned 640,000 to 610,000, with these cuts mainly affecting social science and humanities specializations and national comprehensive universities directly under the State Education Commission. It was these universities which pioneered new work in the social sciences over the past decade, and many of their students took a leading part in the democratic movement. There is thus little subtlety in the attack now being made upon them. To give some specific examples, Fudan's enrolment was cut from a planned 2,000 to 1,200, Nankai's from a planned 1,200 to 800 and Beida's from a planned 2,000 to 800.

Page 483 of 653