Problem: Inferential reasoning in language involves the ability to
deduce information based on context and prior experience. This ability has
been generally studied as a right-hemisphere function. Recent research,
however, has suggested that inferencing involves anterior regions of both
the left and right hemispheres. Methods: We further explored this idea by
testing a group of non-aphasic, focal frontal patients (right and left
hemisphere) on a new test of inferencing, the Word Context Test. The Word
Context Test requires examinees to identify the meaning of a made-up word
(e.g., prifa) based on its use in a series of sentences.
Findings: Patients with frontal lobe lesions were significantly impaired
on this task relative to a group of age- and education-matched controls.
Contrary to earlier research focusing on a special role for the right
hemisphere in inferencing, there was considerable overlap in performance
of right- and left-frontal patients, with right-frontal patients
performing better. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inferencing is
disrupted following focal frontal injury and have implications for
discourse comprehension in non-aphasic patients. (JINS, 2005,
11, 426–433.)