Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T02:45:21.615Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Mapping multiple drivers of human obesity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2017

R. Alexander Bentley
Affiliation:
Department of Comparative Cultural Studies, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204. [email protected] Hobby School of Public Affairs, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204.
Michael J. O'Brien
Affiliation:
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Texas A&M University–San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78224. [email protected] Department of Anthropology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211.

Abstract

The insurance hypothesis is a reasonable explanation for the current obesity epidemic. One alternative explanation is that the marketing of high-sugar foods, especially sugar-sweetened beverages, drives the rise in obesity. Another prominent hypothesis is that obesity spreads through social influence. We offer a framework for estimating the extent to which these different models explain the rise in obesity.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Basu, S., Yoffe, P., Hills, N. & Lustig, R. H. (2013) The relationship of sugar to population-level diabetes prevalence: An econometric analysis of repeated cross-sectional data. PLoS ONE 8(2):e57873.Google Scholar
Bentley, R. A. & O'Brien, M. J. (2016) Collective behaviour, uncertainty and environmental change. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373:20140461.Google Scholar
Bentley, R. A., O'Brien, M. J. & Brock, W. A. (2014) Mapping collective behavior in the big-data era. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 37:63119.Google Scholar
Brock, W. A., Bentley, R. A., O'Brien, M. J. & Caiado, C. C. S. (2014) Estimating a path through a map of decision making. PLoS ONE 9(11):e111022.Google Scholar
Caiado, C. C. S., Brock, W. A., Bentley, R. A. & O'Brien, M. J. (2016) Fitness landscapes among many options under social influence. Journal of Theoretical Biology 405:516.Google Scholar
Christakis, N. A. & Fowler, J. H. (2007) The spread of obesity in a large social network over 32 years. New England Journal of Medicine 357:370–79.Google Scholar
Christakis, N. A. & Fowler, J. H. (2013) Social contagion theory: Examining dynamic social networks and human behavior. Statistics in Medicine 32:556–77.Google Scholar
DellaVigna, S. & Malmendier, U. (2006) Paying not to go to the gym. American Economic Review 96:694719.Google Scholar
Guiteras, R., Levinsohn, J. & Mobarak, A. M. (2015) Encouraging sanitation investment in the developing world: A cluster-randomized trial. Science 348:903906.Google Scholar
Hernandez, D. C. & Pressler, E. (2014) Accumulation of childhood poverty on young adult overweight or obese status: Race/ethnicity and gender disparities. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 68:478–84.Google Scholar
Johnson, R. J., Segal, M. S., Sautin, Y., Nakagawa, T., Feig, D. I., Kang, D. H., Gersch, M. S., Benner, S. & Sánchez-Lozada, L. G. (2007) Potential role of sugar (fructose) in the epidemic of hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 86:899906.Google Scholar
Kearns, C. E., Schmidt, L. A. & Glantz, S. A. (2016) Sugar industry and coronary heart disease research: A historical analysis of internal industry documents. JAMA Internal Medicine 176(11):1680–85. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.5394.Google Scholar
Nestle, M. (2016) Food industry funding of nutrition research: The relevance of history for current debates. JAMA Internal Medicine 176(11):1685–86. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.5400.Google Scholar
Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Kit, B. K. & Flegal, K. M. (2014) Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011–2012. JAMA 311(8):806–14. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.732.Google Scholar
Schroeder, S. A. (2007) We can do better – Improving the health of the American people. New England Journal of Medicine 357:1221–28.Google Scholar
Shalizi, C. R. & Thomas, A. C. (2010) Homophily and contagion are genetically confounded in observational social network studies. Sociological Methods and Research 40:211–39.Google Scholar
Shrewsbury, V. & Wardle, J. (2012) Socioeconomic status and adiposity in childhood: a systematic review of cross-sectional studies 19902005. Obesity 16:275–84.Google Scholar