Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T19:46:00.341Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

How uncertainty begets hope: A model of adaptive and maladaptive seeking behavior

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 March 2019

Martin Zack
Martin Zack*
Affiliation:
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada. [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The “incentive hope” model creatively explains hoarding and fat accumulation by foragers under uncertainty and food seeking when food cues are present but food is not. The model has difficulty explaining why animals driven by cues fare better than animals driven by food reward itself, why human obesity exists when food is abundant, and why people enjoy gambling and care about winning.

Type
Open Peer Commentary
Information
Behavioral and Brain Sciences , Volume 42 , 2019 , e57
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barrot, M., Marinelli, M., Abrous, D. N., Rougé-Pont, F., Le Moal, M. & Piazza, P. V. (2000) The dopaminergic hyper-responsiveness of the shell of the nucleus accumbens is hormone-dependent. European Journal of Neuroscience 12(3):973–79.Google Scholar
Berridge, K. C. (2007) The debate over dopamine's role in reward: The case for incentive salience. Psychopharmacology 191:391–431. doi: 10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x.Google Scholar
Brown, P. L. & Jenkins, H. M. (1968) Auto-shaping of the pigeon's key-peck. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 11(1):1–8.Google Scholar
Burgdorf, J., Knutson, B., Panksepp, J. & Ikemoto, S. (2001) Nucleus accumbens amphetamine microinjections unconditionally elicit 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats. Behavioral Neuroscience 115(4):940–44.Google Scholar
Fiorillo, C. D., Tobler, P. N. & Schultz, W. (2003) Discrete coding of reward probability and uncertainty by dopamine neurons. Science 299(5614):1898–902. doi: 10.1126/science.1077349.Google Scholar
Gainsbury, S. M., Suhonen, N. & Saastamoinen, J. (2014) Chasing losses in online poker and casino games: Characteristics and game play of Internet gamblers at risk of disordered gambling. Psychiatry Research 217(3):220–25.Google Scholar
Goudriaan, A. E. & Clark, L. (2013) Neuroimaging in problem gambling. In: Biological research on addiction, ed. Miller, P. M., pp. 689–97. Elsevier.Google Scholar
Ladouceur, R., Sevigny, S., Blaszczynski, A., O'Connor, K. & Lavoie, M. E. (2003) Video lottery: Winning expectancies and arousal. Addiction 98(6):733–38.Google Scholar
Lee, H. P., Chae, P. K., Lee, H. S. & Kim, Y. K. (2007) The five-factor gambling motivation model. Psychiatry Research 150(1):21–32. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2006.04.005.Google Scholar
Mazur, J. E. (1987) An adjusting procedure for studying delayed reinforcement. In: Quantitative analyses of behavior, Vol. 5. The effect of delay and of intervening events on reinforcement value, ed. Commons, M. L., Mazur, J. E., Nevin, J. A. & Rachlin, H., pp. 55–73. Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Pravosudov, V. V. & Grubb, T. C. Jr. (1997) Management of fat reserves and food caches in tufted titmice (Parus bicolor) in relation to unpredictable food supply. Behavioral Ecology 8(3):332–39.Google Scholar
Robinson, T. E. & Flagel, S. B. (2009) Dissociating the predictive and incentive motivational properties of reward-related cues through the study of individual differences. Biological Psychiatry 65(10):869–73. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.09.006.Google Scholar
Smith, A. P. & Zentall, T. R. (2016) Suboptimal choice in pigeons: Choice is primarily based on the value of the conditioned reinforcers rather than overall reinforcement rate. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition 42(2):212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xan0000092.Google Scholar
Toce-Gerstein, M., Gerstein, D. R. & Volberg, R. A. (2003) A hierarchy of gambling disorders in the community. Addiction 98(12):1661–72.Google Scholar
Torres, C., Glueck, A. C., Conrad, S. E., Moron, I. & Papini, M. R. (2016) Dorsomedial striatum lesions affect adjustment to reward uncertainty, but not to reward devaluation or omission. Neuroscience 332:13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.041.Google Scholar
Vucetic, Z. & Reyes, T. M. (2010) Central dopaminergic circuitry controlling food intake and reward: Implications for the regulation of obesity. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine 2(5):577–93. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.77.Google Scholar
Zack, M., Boileau, I., Payer, D., Chugani, B., Lobo, D. S., Houle, S., Wilson, A. A., Warsh, J. J. & Kish, S. J. (2015) Differential cardiovascular and hypothalamic pituitary response to amphetamine in male pathological gamblers versus healthy controls. Journal of Psychopharmacology 29(9):971–82. doi: 0269881115592338 [pii]10.1177/0269881115592338.Google Scholar