This paper is reviewing the amplification of XUV radiation at 519.7 and 498.5 Å with a gain-length product of 2.5 and 2.2 for the 4f-3d and 4d-3p transition in an oxygen Z-pinch plasma. Time resolved measurements of the O VI (519.7 Å) transition were performed and the dependence of the line intensity on the discharge current and initial gas pressure is reported.

On the basis of Lagrangian representation for equation of thin-liquid-layer dynamics, analytic solutions of the Rayleigh–Taylor instability problem at the nonlinear stage in the observer's space are found. Evolution of various perturbation types, in the layer shape and in layer velocity components, is considered. It is shown that there are both exponentially growing and limited oscillating solutions. The results of the theoretic considerations are substantiated with numerical calculations that use the complete system of the law of conservation.

Results of an experimental study of a coaxial exciplex lamp pumped by glow discharge are presented. An average power of radiation in the wavelength region below 250 nm and as high as about 130 W has been achieved. Efficiency of the excilamp operation based on input power of 14% was demonstrated. The possibility of applications of this excilamp is discussed.

In this article, the results of experimental and numerical studies of the behavior of perturbed interface between air and helium are presented. The interface is initially accelerated by the incident shock wave coming from air to helium and then decelerated by a series of reflected shock waves. Two types of initial interface perturbations like “saw” and “step” are considered.

The equation of state and other thermodynamic functions of solids consisting of many electron atoms in strong magnetic fields arising in some laser experiments and astrophysical objects are calculated within the Kadomtzev's approach up to the high-pressure range. All static thermo-dynamic functions under consideration are obtained from the two-parametric scaling relations on the atomic number and magnetic field from the universal functions of the specific volume. At this high-pressure region, lattice dynamics of monoatomic solids in strong magnetic fields are considered. Vibrational spectra of face-centered cubic lattice of neon are obtained, which do not satisfy any scaling law and differ from that one in the absence of the magnetic field, especially in the long wave region.

This article considers one of the simplest shear flows–ID time-dependent plane mixing layer. Under certain conditions, many more complicated flows are similar to it: timeindependent plane mixing layer, initial portion of plane and round jets, initial mixing phase in cylindrical vortex, etc. This application was previously studied in a 2D approximation. In this computation the turbulence was treated as the result of random perturbations initially applied to the interface of two flows. Numerical simulation used a 2D EGAK code. The computational results were interpreted using the version of semi-empirical turbulent theory with isotropic Reynolds tensor (model 1). This article continues the studies by Bakhrakh; in addition, a similar approach is implemented based on 3D simulation with the TREK method. The data interpretation uses the version of semi-empirical theory with and without Reynolds tensor anisotropy (models 1 and 2, respectively).

We describe the role for the next-generation “superlasers” in the study of matter under extremely high-energy-density conditions in comparison with previous uses of nuclear explosives for this purpose. As examples, we focus on three important areas of physics that have unresolved issues that must be addressed by experiment: equations of state, hydrodynamic instabilities, and the transport of radiation. We describe some of the advantages the large lasers will have in a comprehensive, laboratory-based experimental program.

Results are presented for a theoretical model, known as the ion model (IM), recently elaborated to calculate the radiative opacity of a hot dense plasma. The model is based on the self-consistent field method for subsystems obeying Gibbs statistics. The results are compared with calculations that use the Hartree-Fock-Slater model and with experimental data. A theory is proposed to explain the extraordinary spectral line-shift phenomenon associated with such plasmas.

The MAGO concept using the thermonuclear target with DT gas preliminary heating up to kiloelectronvolt range temperatures, which sufficiently enables the reduction of requirements of the compression rate (to 10 km/s) and the compression degree (to several hundreds) of the target, is investigated. The MAGO chamber with the Laval supersonic annular nozzle is used for plasma preheating. In this chamber magnetized plasma is accelerated up to 1000-km/s velocities and heated by collisionless shock waves. Systems with liner and magnetic compression are considered for the subsequent plasma compression. Energizing of a real-size system can be supplied by the magnetic flux compression generators with energy 100−500 MJ. Experiments close to the threshold of ignition can be conducted proportionally in 2−3 times reduced systems. Then the energy required will be 10–30 times less than in a real-size system.

Powerful pulse installations are usually used to produce large yields of X-ray radiation. With an increase of the stored energy up to 100 MJ, the costof a single experiment on these installations becomes comparable to the cost of a shot with explosive magnetic generators (EMG), according to expert estimates. The physical scheme of a device with a changeable mass liner forlarge soft X-ray (in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 keV) yields eneration is investigated. The scheme investigated is substantially free from difficulties connected with high precision liners and fast switches for current pulse sharpening.

The results of numerical simulations of fast electrons interaction with matter, calculated yield and angular distribution of bremsstrahlung and fluorescence K-α X-ray radiation and generation of electromagnetic fields, carried out by ERA, PM2D, and PRIZMA codes for the state of experiments on interaction of ultra-short laser pulses with high-Z targets at intensity of 1016−1018 W/cm2 are presented. Spherical targets with conical hollows and conical targets of high-Z matter are proposed for experiments with picosecond lasers to increase the brightness of hard X-ray sources.