In the course of searching for references to helminth infections in a species of deer, at the request of one of the Bureau's correspondents, it became apparent that the great majority of the helminths either were parasites of sheep and cattle also, or were closely related thereto. In view of the further fact that some deer are of considerable economic importance and are widely scattered over the surface of the earth, it was decided to extend the scope of the search so as to include all deer from which helminthic parasites have been recorded. This information has here been tabulated, with the addition of some necessary comments and a list of the relevant references.

At the beginning of this year, a Malay Tiger (Felis tigris) which had been nearly two years in the Edinburgh Zoological Gardens, died. On post mortem examination, it was found to harbour Dibothriocephalus felis, Galoncus perniciosus and Toxascaris leonina in its small intestine; and Paragonimus westermani, Capillaria sp. (a single female) and the three nematodes which are the subject of this paper, in its lungs.

Five years ago, while on a visit to Glasgow, my attention was drawn by Mr. Peter Braid, M.R.C.V.S., to the occasional appearance of Dicroœlium dendriticum in the liver of sheep from the West of Scotland. Mr. Braid arranged to supply me with such livers as in future came to his notice and to ascertain, where possible, the place of origin of the sheep. In this way, I have received from him livers from sheep which came from Tiree, South Uist, Barra, Harris, Campbelltown, and from Berwickshire, Ayrshire and Lanarkshire. Enquiries locally at these places shewed that some at least were mere markets. In Berwick, for example, sheep were on sale which had come from the West; and in the West, sheep which had originated in the islands. In the case of the Hebrides, however, sheep are not habitually imported for subsequent re-sale and the great majority—certainly all the young animals—are bred locally. It seemed legitimate to conclude therefore, that in these cases, the disease also was acquired locally. The various islands were visited in autumn, 1929, and Tiree was selected as affording the best and most convenient situation for an investigation into the life-cycle of the parasite.

In a Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harisii) which died last year in the Scottish Zoological Park, there were found examples of Oochoristica dasyuri, Alaria sp., and the following species of Trichostrongyle worm which appears to be new to science.

In the original paper dealing with this interesting nematode a fairly complete account was given of its discovery, its life-history in the free-living condition and within the host. In addition, its effect on the host, whereby flies of both sexes are sterilised owing to its presence, was also described. Its occurrence in both the stem and panicle generations of frit-flies attacking oats was recorded and figures were presented showing the incidence of infection in flies of these two generations. At the same time the inference was drawn that the parasite must also occur in the over-wintering generation of the frit-fly, larvæ of which attack wild grasses or winter cereals. Observations were therefore necessary on flies of this generation emerging during 1930 to prove conclusively the presence of the parasite. These observations are dealt with in the present paper and figures are given showing the degree of infestation in both male and female flies.

In June, 1931, some specimens of field-grown peas infested by eelworms were sent for diagnosis to the Institute of Agricultural Parasitology by Mr. H. W. Thompson, of Cardiff University. The plants were found to be very heavily attacked by Heterodera schachtii in early stages of development.