I have the honour on behalf of the Government of the French Republic, in agreement with the Governments of the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, to draw your attention to the serious situation which has arisen as the result of the unilateral imposition by the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of restrictions on transport and communications between the Wester[n] Zones of Occupation in Germany and Berlin. Quite apart from the fact that it is in conflict with the rights of the French, United States and British Governments, this action by the Soviet Government is contrary to its obligations under Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations and creates a threat to the peace within the meaning of Chapter VII of the Charter.

THE SECURITY COUNCIL,

RECALLING its resolutions of 1 August 1947, 25 August 1947, and 1 November 1947, with respect to the Indonesian Question:

TAKING NOTE with approval of the Reports submitted to the Security Council by its Committee of Good Offices for Indonesia;

CONSIDERING that its resolutions of 24 December 1948 and 28 December 1948 have not been fully carried out;

CONSIDERING that continued occupation of the territory of the Republic of Indonesia by the armed forces of the Netherlands is incompatible with the restoration of good relations between the parties and with the final achievement of a just and lasting settlement of the Indonesian dispute;

CONSIDERING that the establishment and maintenance of law and order throughout Indonesia is a necessary condition to the achievement of the expressed objectives and desires of both parties;

NOTING with satisfaction that the parties continue to adhere to the principles of the Renville Agreement and agree that free and democratic elections should be held throughout Indonesia for the purpose of establishing a constitutent assembly at the earliest practicable date, and further agree that the Security Council should arrange for the observation of such elections by an appropriate agency of the United Nations; and that the representative of the Netherlands has expressed his government's desire to have such elections held not later than 1 October 1949;

NOTING also with satisfaction that the Government of the Netherlands plans to transfer sovereignty to the United States of Indonesia by 1 January 1950, if possible, and, in any case, during the year 1950,

CONSCIOUS of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and in order that the rights, claims and position of the parties may not be prejudiced by the use of force;

1. CALLS upon the Government of the Netherlands to insure the immediate discontinuance of all military operations, calls upon the Government of the Republic simultaneously to order its armed adherents to cease guerrilla warfare, and calls upon both parties to co-operate in the restoration of peace and the maintenance of law and order throughout the area affected.

The sixth session of the Council of Foreign Ministers attended by the Ministers of Foreign Affairs of France, M. Robert Schuman; of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Mr. A. Y. Vishinsky; of the United Kingdom, the Right Honorable Ernest Bevin, and the United States of America, Mr. Dean Acheson, took place in Paris from May 23 to June 20,1949.

In accordance with Article 83 of the Charter, and with the resolution adopted by the Security Council at its 415th meeting on 8 March 1949 and the resolution adopted by the Trusteeship Council at the forty-sixth meeting of its fourth session on 24 March 1949, the Trusteeship Council has carried out on behalf of the Security Council those functions of the United Nations under the International Trusteeship System relating to political, economic, social and educational advancement of the inhabitants of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, designated as a strategic area.

Having Examined the first, second and third reports of the Atomic. Energy Commission which have been transmitted to it by the Security Council in accordance with the terms of General Assembly resolution 1(1) of 24 January1946,

Having considered the report prepared by the Secretary-General, in consulltation with the specialized agencies, on an expanded programme of technical assistance for economic development, pursuant to resolution 180 (VIII), 2 Being impressed with the significant contribution to economic development that can be made by an expansion of the international interchange of technical knowledge through international co-operation among countries, Believing that a sound international programme of this character must combine and make use of the experience of many nations, with different social patterns and cultural traditions and at different stages of development, so as to facilitate progress in the less advanced countries and to help solve their technical and economic problems.

This conference of representatives of the Governments of Afghanistan, Australia, Burma, Ceylon, Etypt ‘sic], Ethiopia, India, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria and Yemen, affirming their support of the purposes and principles of the United Nations and the- obligation of all member states to accept and carry out the decisions of the Security Council in accordance with the Charter;

HAVING CONSIDERED the situation in Indonesia in the light of all available data and, in particular, the reports submitted by the Good Offices Committee of the Security Council;

BEING OF the opinion that the Dutch Military action launched on the 18th December 1948, constitutes a flagrant breach of the Charter of United Nations and defiance of the efforts of the Security Council and its Good Offices Committee to bring about a peaceful settlement;

NOTING that the Netherlands authorities have failed to give full effect to the resolutions of the Security Council adopted after that date;

FINDING that this action is directed against the very existence of the Republican Government which the Security Council and several member Governments of the United Nations, including the Netherlands Government itself, have recognized;

CONSCIOUS of the danger to the peace of South East Asia and of the world through the continuance of hostilities in Indonesia;

RECOGNIZING that the people of Indonesia are entitled, according to the principles of the Charter, to independence and the exercise of full sovereign rights;

A. The Commission reaffirms its resolution of 13 August 1948.

B. The Governments of India and Pakistan simultaneously accept supplementary to this resolution the following principles:

1. The question of the accession of the State of Jammu and Kashmir to India or Pakistan will be decided through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite.

2. A plebiscite will be held when it shall be found by the Commission that the cease-fire and truce arrangements set forth in Parts I and II of the Commission's resolution of 13 August 1948 have been carried out and arrangements for the plebiscite have been completed.

3. a. The Secretary-General of the United Nations wiH, in agreement with the Commission, nominate a Plebiscite Administrator who shall be a personality of high international standing and commanding general confidence. He will be formally appointed to office by the Government of Jammu and Kashmir.

b. The Plebiscite Administrator shall derive from the State of Jammu and Kashmir the powers he considers necessary for organizing and conducting the plebiscite and for ensuring the freedom and impartiality of the plebiscite.

c. The Plebiscite Administrator shall have authority to appoint such staff of assistants and observers as he may require.

CONSIDERING that, since the creation of the United Nations, the practice had developed of establishing, at the seat of the Organization permanent missions of Member States,

CONSIDERING that the presence of such permanent missions serves to assist in the realization of the purposes and principles of the United Nations and, in particular, to keep the necessary liaison between the Member States and the Secretariat in periods between sessions of the different organs of the United Nations,

CONSIDERING that in these circumstances, the generalization of the institution of permanent missions can be foreseen and that the submission of credentials of permanent representatives should be regulated,

The Council established by Article 9 of the North Atlantic treaty held its first session in Washington on Sept. 17, 1949. Representatives of the parties to the treaty attending this first session were:

For Belgium — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Paul Van Zeeland.

For Canada — The Secretary of State for External Affairs, Mr. Lester B. Pearson.

For Denmark — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Gustav Rasmussen.

For France — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Robert Schuman.

For Iceland — The Minister to the United States, Mr. Thor Thors.

For Italy — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count Sforza.

For Luxembourg — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Josef Bech.

For the Netherlands — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Dirk U. Stikker.

For Norway — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Halvard M. Lange.

For Portugal — The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Jose Caeiro da Matta.

For the United Kingdom — The Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Mr. Ernest Bevin.

For the United States — The Secretary of State, Mr. Dean Acheson.

The High Contracting Parties, solemnly reaffirming their commitments made in earlier international conventions and declarations, as well as in the Charter of the United Nations, agree to refrain from the threat or the use of force, or from any other means of coercion for the settlement of their controversies and to have recourse at all times to pacific procedures.

The Parties to this Treaty reaffirm their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all governments.

They are determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilization of their peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law.

Q.—Mr. Secretary, would an attack on aircraft flying over Soviet territory into Berlin under the airlift be an armed attack under the terms of Article 6?

Mr. Acheson said he would think that would be an attack on the armed forces—the occupation forces.

Q.—But if it occurs over the Soviet zone?

Mr. Acheson replied he didn't think it made any difference where it occurred, did it?

Q.—It says: “In this area.”

Mr. Acheson said Article 6 referred to an attack “on the occupation forces of any party in Europe.”

Q.—Doesn't the phrase at the end “in this area” apply?

Mr. Acheson said not to the occupation forces.

Q.—What does that phrase apply to?

In March 1948, in Brussels, Great Britain, France, Belgium, Holland and Luxemburg signed a treaty of mutual assistance and collective defence, thus initiating a separate group of West-European states known as “Western Union.”