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14249 results in Political economy

Page 228 of 713

New Perspectives on Pakistan's Political Economy
  • State, Class and Social Change
  • Edited by Matthew McCartney, S. Akbar Zaidi
  • Published online:
    26 April 2019
    Print publication:
    12 September 2019
  • This volume makes a major intervention in the debates around the nature of the political economy of Pakistan, focusing on its contemporary social dynamics. This is the first comprehensive academic analysis of Pakistan's political economy after thirty-five years, and addresses issues of state, class and society, examining gender, the middle classes, the media, the bazaar economy, urban spaces and the new elite. The book goes beyond the contemporary obsession with terrorism and extremism, political Islam, and simple 'civilian–military relations', and looks at modern-day Pakistan through the lens of varied academic disciplines. It not only brings together new work by some emerging scholars but also formulates a new political economy for the country, reflecting the contemporary reality and diversification in the social sciences in Pakistan. The chapters dynamically and dialectically capture emergent processes and trends in framing Pakistan's political economy and invite scholars to engage with and move beyond these concerns and issues.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Economic Responsiveness in India
  • Damien Krichewsky
  • Published online:
    26 April 2019
    Print publication:
    23 May 2019
  • Since the early 2000s, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has rapidly gained significance in India, both among large companies and as a policy instrument formally intended to foster corporate contributions to the country's development goals. This book analyses this phenomenon in relation to broader political and economic changes induced by India's 'pro-business' development strategy. Using a systems-theoretical approach, the analysis shows that 'pro-business' policies have led profit-driven economic processes to increasingly override collective aspirations for social welfare, environmental protection, and democracy. In order to decipher how CSR changes the interplays between profit-making and developmental aspirations, the book provides detailed analyses of CSR in the cement industry and in regulatory policies adopted by the central government. It shows that CSR operates as an 'intermediary institution' which further enhances the autonomy of the economic system, as it makes profit-making more responsive to risks arising from competing collective values and interests.

Gender and Work in Global Value Chains
  • Capturing the Gains?
  • Stephanie Barrientos
  • Published online:
    26 April 2019
    Print publication:
    23 May 2019
  • This book focuses on the changing gender patterns of work in a global retail environment associated with the rise of contemporary retail and global sourcing. This has affected the working lives of hundreds of millions of workers in high-, middle- and low-income countries. The growth of contemporary retail has been driven by the commercialised production of many goods previously produced unpaid by women within the home. Sourcing is now largely undertaken through global value chains in low- or middle-income economies, using a 'cheap' feminised labour force to produce low-price goods. As women have been drawn into the labour force, households are increasingly dependent on the purchase of food and consumer goods, blurring the boundaries between paid and unpaid work. This book examines how gendered patterns of work have changed and explores the extent to which global retail opens up new channels to leverage more gender-equitable gains in sourcing countries.

Debating Unemployment Policy
  • Political Communication and the Labour Market in Western Europe
  • Edited by Laurent Bernhard, Flavia Fossati, Regula Hänggli, Hanspeter Kriesi
  • Published online:
    15 April 2019
    Print publication:
    02 May 2019
  • In 2008 the world experienced the Great Recession, a financial and economic crisis of enormous proportions and the greatest economic downturn since the 1930s. In its wake, unemployment became a key preoccupation of West European publics and politicians. This comparative study considers the policy debates surrounding unemployment in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Denmark and Switzerland since 2008. With an over-arching focus on drawing out cross-national commonalities and differences, the authors ask whether patterns of political communication vary across countries. Their analysis draws on interviews with labour market policy-makers in the six selected countries, and paints a revealing picture. Appealing to researchers in comparative politics, political communication and welfare state research, this book will also interest practitioners involved in labour market policy.

  • 6 - The Threat to Evidence-Based Policy Making

  • Christian Adam, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Steffen Hurka, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Christoph Knill, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Yves Steinebach, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen
  • Book:
    Policy Accumulation and the Democratic Responsiveness Trap
    Published online:
    25 March 2019
    Print publication:
    11 April 2019, pp 125-165

  • Summary

    In this chapter, we argue that policy accumulation makes it increasingly difficult for evaluation studies to provide a sound basis for evidence-based policy making. To some degree, this is due to our inability to handle the increasing number of policy-inherent parameters affecting relevant societal outcomes individually and in interaction with other elements within policy mixes. More importantly, however, the complex conditional nature of the evidence created in this situation makes it very difficult for decision makers to engage in simple ‘lesson-drawing’. In other words, policy accumulation creates an increasing need for contextualizing policy evaluation. It requires us to evaluate more than just the average effectiveness of a specific policy within a specific policy mix or across different policy mixes. Instead, policy accumulation calls for the evaluation of the conditional effects of individual policy elements. This is difficult to accomplish with conventional methods, and results of conditional effects are very difficult to interpret and communicate. This makes it challenging to shape decision makers’ thinking about policy issues on the basis of increasingly complex results.

  • 7 - Ways Toward Sustainable Policy Accumulation

  • Christian Adam, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Steffen Hurka, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Christoph Knill, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen, Yves Steinebach, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munchen
  • Book:
    Policy Accumulation and the Democratic Responsiveness Trap
    Published online:
    25 March 2019
    Print publication:
    11 April 2019, pp 166-189

  • Summary

    In this concluding chapter of the book, we caution against the urge to simply abolish existing policies in order to address the complex challenges created by policy accumulation. Instead, we argue that our common goal should be to enable democratic systems to promote sustainable policy accumulation. Some measures to this effect would be a greater emphasis on vertical policy coordination between policy makers and frontline bureaucrats; stronger investment in the public sector and its employees; more policy-based civic education; and the systematic promotion of statistical literacy. Our book also has several implications for public policy research. First, we suggest that a stronger focus on policy substance should complement the already existing focus on 'framing' that dominates parts of the public policy literature. Secondly, we argue that we need an epidemiological turn in implementation research, which would enable us to investigate implementation challenges resulting from policy accumulation more systematically. Finally, we submit that given the patterns we observe, contextualized policy evaluation has never been more relevant than today.

Page 228 of 713