Scaling Biodiversity

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511814938

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We know that there are tens of millions of plant and animal species, but we do not know enough to be able to describe the patterns and processes that characterise the distribution of species in space, time and taxonomic groups. Given that in practical terms it is impossible to expect to be able to document biodiversity with any degree of completeness other approaches must be used. Scaling rules offer one possible framework, and this book offers a synthesis of the ways in which scaling theory can be applied to the analysis of biodiversity. Scaling Biodiversity presents new views on quantitative patterns of the biological diversity on earth and the processes responsible for them. Written by a team of leading experts in ecology who present their most recent and innovative views, readers will be provided with what is the state of art in current ecology and biodiversity science.

"Overall, I recommend the book because of its breadth of coverage of a complex and sprawling literature. The better pieces in the volume are also motivational and provide good fuel for research projects. The topics challenge us all to think about how to be more holistic in thinking about spatial (and temporal) patterns of biodiversity."
Marcel Holyoak, Ecology

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv
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Contents
pp v-vi
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List of contributors
pp vii-x
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Foreword by Robert M. May (Lord May of Oxford)
pp xi-xiv
- By Robert M. May, (Lord May of Oxford), University of Oxford
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Preface
pp xv-xviii
- By James H. Brown, Distinguished Professor, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Geoffrey B. West, The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA, Murray Gell-Mann, The Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA
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1 - Introduction: scaling biodiversity – what is the problem?
pp 1-12
- By David Storch, Charles University Prague, The Santa Fe Institute, Pablo A. Marquet, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile CASEB, IEB The Santa Fe Institute, James H. Brown, University of New Mexico, The Santa Fe Institute
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PART I - Spatial scaling of species richness and distribution
pp 13-14
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2 - Species–area curves and the geometry of nature
pp 15-31
- By Michael W. Palmer, Oklahoma State University
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3 - The distribution of species: occupancy, scale, and rarity
pp 32-50
- By Fangliang He, University of Alberta, Rick Condit, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
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4 - Species distribution patterns, diversity scaling and testing for fractals in southern African birds
pp 51-76
- By Jack J. Lennon, The Macaulay Institute Aberdeen, William E. Kunin, University of Leeds, Stephen Hartley, Victoria University of Wellington, Kevin J. Gaston, University of Sheffield
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5 - Geometry of species distributions: random clustering and scale invariance
pp 77-100
- By Arnošt L. Šizling, Charles University, Prague, Storch David, Charles University, Prague; The Santa Fe Institute
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6 - Toward a mechanistic basis for a unified theory of spatial structure in ecological communities at multiple spatial scales
pp 101-126
- By John Harte, University of California, Berkeley
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PART II - Alternative measures of biodiversity: taxonomy, phylogeny, and turnover
pp 127-128
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7 - Biodiversity scaling relationships: are microorganisms fundamentally different?
pp 129-149
- By Jessica Green, University of California, Merced, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, University of Oregon
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8 - The importance of phylogenetic structure in biodiversity studies
pp 150-167
- By Jérôme Chave, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, Guillem Chust, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, Christophe Thébaud, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse
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9 - On the quantification of local variation in biodiversity scaling using wavelets
pp 168-180
- By Timothy H. Keitt, University of Texas at Austin
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10 - The scaling of spatial turnover: pruning the thicket
pp 181-222
- By Kevin J. Gaston, University of Sheffield, Karl L. Evans, University of Sheffield, Jack J. Lennon, The Macaulay Institute, Aberdeen
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PART III - Scaling of biological diversity with energy and the latitudinal biodiversity gradient
pp 223-224
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11 - Climate and diversity: the role of history
pp 225-245
- By Andrew Clarke, British Antarctic Survey
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12 - Inverse latitudinal gradients in species diversity
pp 246-257
- By Pavel Kindlmann, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, University of South Bohemia, Agrocampus Rennes, Iva Schödelbauerová, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, University of South Bohemia, Anthony F. G. Dixon, University of East Anglia
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13 - Regional-to-global patterns of biodiversity, and what they have to say about mechanisms
pp 258-282
- By David J. Currie, University of Ottawa
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14 - Recasting the species–energy hypothesis: the different roles of kinetic and potential energy in regulating biodiversity
pp 283-299
- By Andrew P. Allen, National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, James F. Gillooly, University of Florida, James H. Brown, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque and The Santa Fe Institute
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15 - Scaling species richness and distribution: uniting the species–area and species–energy relationships
pp 300-322
- By David Storch, Charles University, Prague, The Santa Fe Institute, Arnošt L. Šizling, Charles University, Prague, Kevin J. Gaston, University of Sheffield
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PART IV - Processes, perspectives, and syntheses
pp 323-324
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16 - Spatiotemporal scaling of species richness: patterns, processes, and implications
pp 325-346
- By Ethan P. White, Utah State University, University of Arizona, University of New Mexico
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17 - Scaling biodiversity under neutrality
pp 347-375
- By Luís Borda-de-Água, University of Georgia, Stephen P. Hubbell, University of Georgia, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Fangliang He, University of Alberta
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18 - General patterns in plant invasions: a family of quasi-neutral models
pp 376-395
- By Tomáš Herben, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Charles University, Prague
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19 - Extinction and population scaling
pp 396-408
- By William E. Kunin, University of Leeds
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20 - Survival of species in patchy landscapes: percolation in space and time
pp 409-440
- By Beáta Oborny, Loránd Eötvös University, Budapest, György Szabó, Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Budapest, Géza Meszéna, Loránd Eötvös University, Budapest
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21 - Biodiversity power laws
pp 441-461
- By Pablo A. Marquet, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, CASEB, IEB, The Santa Fe Institute, Sebastian R. Abades, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Fabio A. Labra, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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