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3364818 results

Page 31 of 168241

  • 5 - A Causal Connection?

  • Georgia Kernell, University of California, Los Angeles
  • Book:
    Inside Parties
    Published online:
    25 February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025, pp 128-147

  • Summary

    Chapter 5 builds on the observational findings from the previous chapter to test the hypotheses using two survey experiments performed on a sample of British Labour voters. The first experiment manipulates the selective incentives available to members by changing the cost of joining. Not surprisingly, people are more interested in joining when fees are low. The second experiment manipulates the party’s instrumental incentives by stating members can (or cannot) select party leaders and parliamentary candidates, as well as attend events where they may formally participate in determining the party’s future policy direction. The findings support the hypotheses generated by Chapter 2’s formal model: decentralization increases membership, conditional on voter-party alignment.

Heat and Thermodynamics
  • Theory, Problems and Solutions
  • Upendranath Nandi
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    30 June 2025
  • This book is designed as per NEP 2020 guidelines and is meant for undergraduate physics students. The text begins with a coverage of kinetic theory and dynamics of ideal gases and then proceeds to discuss real gases. Thereafter the basic formalism, zeroth law, first and second laws of thermodynamics are introduced. It concludes with chapters on thermodynamic potentials and Maxwell's relations as well as classical and quantum theory of black body radiation. Written in a lucid manner, students will require only a prior knowledge of mathematical concepts such as differentiation and integration to understand these topics. Each chapter is divided into sections and subsections for ease of comprehension. Special attention has been paid to the simplification of concepts by providing intermediate steps for difficult derivations. Chapters are supported by a rich pool of practice questions like multiple choice questions, short answer type questions, long answer type questions, and numerical problems.

  • 7 - Conclusion

  • Georgia Kernell, University of California, Los Angeles
  • Book:
    Inside Parties
    Published online:
    25 February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025, pp 169-182

  • Summary

    Although they are stable, party constitutions are not immutable. Over the past decade, parties have become increasingly decentralized – especially with respect to leadership selection. Chapter 7 concludes by assessing the implications of the book’s findings for strategically motivated party leaders contemplating institutional change. The chapter also considers similarities and differences with US primaries and discusses how decentralized structures may shape candidate quality. Kernell concludes by discussing avenues for future research, arguing party – as well as electoral – institutions should be accounted for in studies of democratic responsiveness.

  • 4 - Party Members

  • Georgia Kernell, University of California, Los Angeles
  • Book:
    Inside Parties
    Published online:
    25 February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025, pp 83-127

  • Summary

    Chapter 4 tests the effects of entry costs and decentralized rules on membership. After describing overall membership trends, the chapter tests the effects of party decentralization on both aggregate membership and individual enrollment. In line with the model’s predictions, the empirical analyses reveal that voters are more likely to join decentralized parties, but that this relationship is driven by the preferences of extreme voters. The chapter also examines the effects of membership fees on enrollment and employs two member surveys from Canada to investigate how individuals’ reported reasons for joining relate to their participation in various party activities.

  • 6 - Party Responsiveness

  • Georgia Kernell, University of California, Los Angeles
  • Book:
    Inside Parties
    Published online:
    25 February 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025, pp 148-168

  • Summary

    Chapter 6 shifts the focus from individual voter behavior to party responsiveness. Where decentralized rules foster internal competition, parties should select candidates and adopt positions that are more responsive to their core supporters and less responsive to the general electorate. To test these spatial hypotheses, Kernell employs computational simulations to identify vote-maximizing positions in the electorate and finds that decentralized parties adopt less competitive positions than their centralized competitors. All else equal, the electoral advantage for a party whose leaders select candidates over one whose members play a decisive role is close to 7 percent.

Proclus on Aristotle on Plato
  • A Case Study on Motion
  • Rareș Ilie Marinescu
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • This is a study of Proclus' engagement with Aristotle's theory of motion, with a specific focus on Aristotle's criticism of Plato. It refutes the often-held view that Proclus – in line with other Neoplatonists – adheres to the idea of an essential harmony between Plato and Aristotle. Proclus' views on motion, a central concept in his thought, are illuminated by examining his Aristotelian background. The results enhance our view of the reception and authority of Aristotle in late antiquity, a crucial period for the transmission of Aristotelian thought which immensely shaped the later reading of his work. The book also counteracts the commonly held view that late antique philosophers straightforwardly accepted Aristotle as an authority in certain areas such as logic or natural philosophy.

The Stoic Cosmos
  • Conflagration, Cosmogony, and Recurrence in Early Stoicism
  • Ricardo Salles
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • Stoic cosmology held that our cosmos is periodically destroyed and restored. In this, it is unique compared to earlier cosmologies. Ricardo Salles offers a detailed reconstruction of the philosophical ideas behind this thesis which explains its uniqueness and how it competes with earlier cosmologies. The reconstruction is based on a rigorous analysis of the evidence, made accessible to non-specialists who are familiar with the history of ancient philosophy but do not specialise in Stoicism. Furthermore, the book reveals how the Stoics combined their meteorology, their cosmology, their physics and their metaphysics to explain natural phenomena, thereby illustrating how different disciplines can interact in ancient philosophy. It also refers to central questions in the interpretation of Stoicism, such as the role of the Stoic god in cosmology.

Poverty in Latin America
  • Feelings/Perceptions vs Material Conditions
  • Verónica Amarante, Maira Colacce, Federico Scalese
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • This Element derives subjective poverty lines for seven Latin American countries based on a Minimum Income Question included in household expenditure surveys. It compares poverty incidence under the subjective and objective approach, finding subjective poverty is larger than objective for all countries. People identified as poor are generally poor by both measures or only subjective poor, although patterns of overlapping differ between countries. It explores the factors associated to considering oneself as poor - being subjectively poor- when the per capita household income is higher than the objective poverty line. Generally, unemployment and informality are associated with higher probability of subjective poverty. Other factors not directly involving income but reflecting high economic security also tend to reduce the probability of feeling poor. Finally, the welfare stigma effect does not seem to hold, at least in terms of subjective poverty. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Congressional Expectations of Presidential Self-Restraint

Congressional Expectations of Presidential Self-Restraint
  • Jack B. Greenberg, John A. Dearborn
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • This Element explores how Congress has designed laws reliant on an assumption of presidential self-restraint, an expectation that presidents would respect statutory goals by declining to use their formal powers in ways that were legally permissible but contrary to stated congressional intent. Examining several laws addressing political appointments since the 1970s – statutes involving the FBI director, Office of Personnel Management director, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, director of national intelligence, Federal Emergency Management Agency administrator, inspectors general, Senior Executive Service, vacancies, Social Security Administration commissioner, and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau director – the authors demonstrate lawmakers' reliance on presidential self-restraint in statutory design and identify a variety of institutional tools used to signal those expectations. Furthermore, the authors identify a developmental dilemma: the combined rise of polarization, presidentialism, and constitutional formalism threatens to leave Congress more dependent on presidential self-restraint, even as that norm's reliability is increasingly questionable.

Globalization in Latin America
  • The Law, Politics and Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements
  • Edited by Manfred Elsig, Rodrigo Polanco, Andrew Lugg
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • The approach of Latin American countries to preferential trade agreements (PTAs) is a fascinating topic. There is a rich history of policymakers using PTAs to pursue different economic and political models of integration. What really stands out is the diversity of approaches and attitudes to the use of PTAs. While some countries have been rule-makers and have made innovative attempts to introduce new issues, others have been reluctant to use PTAs. In response to the growing interest in and politicisation of PTAs in the wider public –  including renewed consideration of 'with whom to trade' – this book brings together scholars from inside and outside Latin America to address the past, present, and future challenges associated with PTAs. The contributions, from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds, offer new insights into issues related to the design, diffusion, and impact of PTAs. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Why Historic Places Matter Emotionally

Why Historic Places Matter Emotionally
  • Responses - Attachments - Communities
  • Rebecca Madgin
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • This Element explores why historic urban places matter emotionally. To achieve this the Element develops a conceptual framework which breaks down the broad category of 'emotion' into three interrelated parts: 1. Emotional responses, 2. Emotional attachments, and 3. Emotional communities. In so doing new lines of enquiry are opened up including the reasons why certain emotional responses such as pride and fear are provoked by historic urban places; the complex interplay of the physical environment and everyday experiences in informing emotional attachments, as well as the reasons why emotional communities coalesce in particular historic urban places. In addition, the Element explores the ways in which emotion, in the form of responses, attachments, and communities, can be considered within heritage management and concludes with a discussion of where next for heritage theories and practices. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Legal Heterodoxy in the Global South
  • Edited by Kevin E. Davis, Mariana Pargendler
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • This volume challenges the common perception that legal systems in developing countries are outdated or plagued by enforcement issues. Instead, it presents detailed case studies of private law in the Global South, showcasing how countries in the region have embraced legal doctrines that diverge from traditional approaches in the Global North. Chapters cover core areas of private law, including contracts, property, torts, corporations, and legal personality. The case studies range from India's adoption of CSR rules to Argentina's protection of hyper-vulnerable consumers. This volume demonstrates how many countries have incorporated social and distributional concerns into their private law regimes. Through these examples, the book presents a set of under-appreciated and innovative legal developments in the Global South. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Capital Drug Laws in Asia
  • Edited by Wing-Cheong Chan, Mai Sato, Michael Hor
  • Coming soon
  • Expected online publication date:
    May 2025
    Print publication:
    31 May 2025
  • The book documents, analyses and makes accessible the law and policy related to illicit drugs in various Asian jurisdictions. The focus is specifically on the measures undertaken in Asia to combat drug offences and, in particular, the use of the death penalty for such offences. It will enhance the ability of public policy and law makers, non-governmental organisations and the general population to engage in the debate on the appropriate approach towards illicit drugs. A wide range of Asian jurisdictions, particularly in Southeast Asia, have been intentionally selected to show a diversity of approaches in the 'war on drugs' debate. The areas examined include developments in the law and policy relating to illicit drugs; use of criminal law measures to combat drug-related offences; motivations of drug offenders; public support for punitive punishments; structure of the laws; procedural rights of accused persons; mandatory/discretionary sentencing and use of the death penalty.

Page 31 of 168241