The chironomid fauna ot the Western part of France has been notably understudied ; few data are available on species distribution for the region. This paper provides some information obtained from several studies conducted in the eastern part of Brittany. Although a small part of this region is considered, the checklist comprises 94 species, four of which are recorded for the first time in France.

The incidence of the American serpentine leafminer, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) was studied in cotton-growing tracts of Tamil Nadu State, India. The incidence was higher on summer than on winter cotton and the cropping pattern was found to have an impact on the incidence of the leafminer on cotton. Biological studies on L. trifolii conducted on cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., and cowpea, Vigna sinensis (L.) Walp., revealed that its life cycle varied with different hosts. The duration of the pupal stage of L. trifolii was the longest in the leafminer's life cycle. Lycopersicon esculentum was the preferred host—females of L. trifolii survived the longest and had the highest fecundity on this host. Sex discrimination was possible at the pupal stage, on the basis of size; female adults were found to emerge from larger-sized pupae and males from smaller ones.

The 138 species and subspecies of Ephemeroptera now known to occur in Mexico, of which 35, approximately 25 %, areendemic, are listed along with distributional annotations. New Mexican records are included for Americabaetis lugoi Waltz &McCafferty, Baetodes velmae Cohen & Allen, Drunella coloradensis (Dodds), Farrodes otiesa Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty,Plauditus virilis (McDunnough), Tricorythodes fictus Traver, T. texanus Traver, and Varipes lasiobrachius Lugo-Ortiz &McCafferty, the latter of which also constitutes a new continental record for the genus Varipes Lugo-Ortiz & McCafferty inNorth America. Traverella sallei (Navás), n. comb., is transferred from the genus Thraulus.

Le présent travail a été réalisé à partir de récoltes d'insectes aquatiques à la lumière artificielle dans 15 stations du cours axial de la rivière Mouhoun (ex Volta Noire). 12 espèces ont été identifiées. Parmi elles, six sont nouvelles et décrites : Orthotrichia guinkoi n. sp., O. dapola n. sp., O. prevoti n. sp., O. bolyi n. sp., O. mussoi n. sp., O. cazaubonae n. sp. Certaines espèces sont signalées pour la première fois en Afrique de l'Ouest : O. verbekei Jacquemart, O. nova Marlier, O. alboguttata Jacquemart, O. petiti Jacquemart. Deux espèces sont déjà signalées dans la sous-région de l'Afrique occidentale : O. straeleni Jacquemart et O. aequatoriana Kimmins. Pour chaque espèce, le point est fait sur la répartition le long de la rivière étudiée et éventuellement en Afrique.

Microcystis farlowiana est une Cyanobactérie coloniale découverte au Massachussets en 1942, et dans les marais Sud du lac du Bourget en 1949. Actuellement on la trouve dans ce lac à des profondeurs comprises entre 2 et 30 mètres. Les colonies formant des « boules » de 0,5 à 2 centimètres de diamètre, sont regroupées en amas lenticulaires de grande taille qui reposent sur le fond du lac et semblent subir un déplacement saisonnier peut-être dû aux courants sous-lacustres. Depuis sa première description on a constaté des variations dans la couleur et la taille des colonies qui – d'abord flottantes puis subbenthiques – sont actuellement épibenthiques et localisées dans des régions défavorables à la photosynthèse.

Ce travail présente la répartition de 5 espèces de Gammaridae (Echinogammarus berilloni, E. spinulicornis, Gammarusfossarum, G. p. pulex, G. roeseli) dans la Région Centre qui correspond approximativement au bassin de la Loiremoyenne et au sud du bassin de la Seine moyenne. Environ 300 stations ont été échantillonnées entre 1980 et 1990.G. fossarum n'est présente que dans l'Allier. L'espèce la plus répandue est G. p. pulex ; elle apparaît souvent en sympatrieavec E. berilloni. E. spinulicornis et G. roeseli sont deux espèces en extension dans la région. E. spinulicornis estnettement dominante à l'ouest, mais uniquement dans le bassin de la Loire, tandis que G. roeseli est plus abondanteà l'est aussi bien dans le bassin de la Loire que dans celui de la Seine.

In southern Asia, Chilo auricilius Dudgeon, Chilo infuscatellus Snellen, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), Chilo polychrysus (Meyrick), Chilo suppressalis (Walker), Chilo suppressalis simplex (Butler), Chilo sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur), Chilo supermain and Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson are recorded as pests of cereal crops. Chilo partellus causes severe losses in maize, sorghum and rice; Chilo suppressalis, Chilo polychrysus and Chilo supermain are major pests of rice; Chilo auricilius causes damage on both rice and sugar-cane; and Chilo infuscatellus and Chilo sacchariphagus indicus are serious pests of sugar-cane. Chilo suppressalis simplex and Chilo tumidicostalis are minor pests of maize and sugar-cane, respectively. Some of these pyralid borers are minor pests of other cereal crops. The life and seasonal histories of these stem borers and various control measures against them practised in various countries of southern Asia are discussed. The natural enemies of various Chilo species in this region are also listed.

This paper reports the results of extensive pest surveys conducted on farmers' fields and pest population studies at two national research stations between 1979 and 1981 in Burkina Faso. Major findings indicate that, under normal planting conditions, infestation of the sorghum shootfly, Atherigona seccata is very low in farmers' fields. This pest appears to be restricted to research stations. Stem borer infestation is caused by a complex of species, and species predominance varies with rainfall. South of latitude 12°N, Busseola fusca is the predominant species but further north it is replaced by Acigona ignefusalis, which is a primary pest of pearl millet. Panicle damage caused by the sorghum midge, Contarinia sorghicola, varies with season; is usually very low in the dry northern Sahelian zone but severe south of latitude 13°N. Maximum midge populations occurred between mid-September and early October.

A review of present information on the zoogeography of Chironomidae at subfamily and generic levels is given. The known distribution, including some previously unpublished records, of all recognisable genera (307) and subgenera (56) is tabulated according to zoogeographical region. The greatest number of genera is known from the Nearctic (202) followed by the Palaearctic (187), Neotropical (109), Australasian (107), Afrotropical (104) and Oriental (100). The chironomid fauna of each zoogeographical region is discussed and a comparison of the number of known species and percentage representation of each subfamily for each region is given. An account of the distribution and ecology of each of the ten subfamilies is included. To date, some 3 700 species are described representing only 30 % of the estimated world chironomid fauna. The fossil record of the group is briefly discussed and the Chironomidae are estimated to be at least 200 million years old dating back to the Triassic period.

This paper is an attempt to synthesize information available on C. p. quinquefasciatus in Africa. The latter is presently found in most urban areas of the African continent and in rural settlements which show some trends towards urbanization. In East Africa, and the islands of the Indian Ocean, C. p. quinquefasciatus is one of the major natural vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti. In addition it can also transmit, under laboratory conditions, some other pathogenic agents.

Preimaginal forms develop in different kinds of man-made breeding-places, especially those containing polluted water. The situation in each African region is reviewed in detail.

Female behaviour during the different phases of the gonotrophic cycle is analysed, together with population dynamics.

Control methods by synthetic insecticides are discussed in relation to resistance problems and the characteristics of the breeding sites. Other control methods based on the use of growth regulators, genetic manipulation, biological agents (parasites and predators) and environmental management have been investigated as well. Most of them cannot be easily applied or are not yet applicable for control operations.