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1 - Introduction to Quantum Computing
Shayan Majidy, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Christopher Wilson, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Raymond Laflamme, University of Waterloo, Ontario
Book:

Building Quantum Computers

Print publication:

11 July 2024, pp 1-11
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Summary

This chapter explores the origin, key components, and essential concepts of quantum computing. It begins by charting the series of discoveries by various scientists that crystallized into the idea of quantum computing. The text then examines how certain applications have driven the evolution of quantum computing from a theoretical concept to an international endeavour. Additionally, the text clarifies the distinctions between quantum and classical computers, highlighting the DiVincenzo criteria, which are the five criteria for quantum computing. It also introduces the circuit model as the foundational paradigm for quantum computation. Lastly, the chapter sheds light on the reasons for the belief that quantum computers are more powerful than classical ones (touching on quantum computational complexity) and physically realizable (touching on quantum error correction).

Theory and Practice
Andrew N. Jordan, Irfan A. Siddiqi
Published online:

10 May 2024

Print publication:

15 February 2024
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This book adopts a novel, physics-first approach to quantum measurement, using physical experiments as the basis to describe the underlying mathematical formalism. Topics covered include weak measurements, quantum measurement reversal, quantum trajectories and the stochastic path integral formalism. The theory of quantum measurement is also covered in detail, including discussion of how it can be tested and demonstrated in a laboratory: how to build quantum-limited amplifiers, fundamental noise limits imposed on measurement by quantum mechanics, and the design of superconducting circuits. This text is an excellent introduction for students with a basic understanding of quantum mechanics wanting to learn more about measurement theory, and the inclusion of a wide selection of end-of-chapter exercises make this book ideal for emerging courses on the topic. Key chapters introducing the foundations of quantum computing and the history of measurement theory are equally accessible to a broader, less specialised audience.

Quantum circuits generating four-qubit maximally entangled states
Marc Bataille
Journal:

Mathematical Structures in Computer Science / Volume 32 / Issue 3 / March 2022

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

28 September 2022, pp. 257-270
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We describe quantum circuits generating four-qubit maximally entangled states, the amount of entanglement being quantified by using the absolute value of the Cayley hyperdeterminant as an entanglement monotone. More precisely we show that this type of four-qubit entangled states can be obtained by the action of a family of $\mathtt{CNOT}$ circuits on some special states of the LU orbit of the state $|0000\rangle$ .