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  • Chapter 4 - Critical Thinking and the Rejection of Unsubstantiated Claims

  • Edited by Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, New York, Diane F. Halpern, Claremont McKenna College, California
  • Book:
    Critical Thinking in Psychology
    Published online:
    19 December 2019
    Print publication:
    16 January 2020, pp 68-102

  • Summary

    This chapter examines how critical thinking and a dual-process theory of thinking are related to endorsement of unsubstantiated knowledge claims. Rejecting unsubstantiated claims, such as psychological misconceptions and pseudoscience, is associated with being more inclined and better able to think critically. In dual-process theory terms, people who endorse more unsubstantiated claims tend to rely more on intuitive thinking and less on rational-analytic thinking. Helping people to resist making a rapid, intuitive response to unsubstantiated claims and instead to take a slower, more rational, critical thinking approach can help them reject such claims.