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2 results

  • 6 - Breaking cryptosystems

  • from Part I - Areas of application
  • Alexander M. Dalzell, AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Sam McArdle, AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Mario Berta, RWTH Aachen University, Przemyslaw Bienias, AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Chi-Fang Chen, University of California, Berkeley, András Gilyén, HUN-REN Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Connor T. Hann, AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Michael J. Kastoryano, University of Copenhagen, Emil T. Khabiboulline, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Aleksander Kubica, Yale University, Grant Salton, Amazon Quantum Solutions Lab, Samson Wang, Caltech, Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, AWS Center for Quantum Computing
  • Book:
    Quantum Algorithms
    Published online:
    03 May 2025
    Print publication:
    24 April 2025, pp 98-110
    • Chapter
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  • Summary

    This chapter covers the potential use of quantum algorithms for cryptanalysis, that is, the breaking and weakening of cryptosystems. We discuss Shor’s algorithm for factoring and discrete logarithm, which render widely used public-key cryptosystems vulnerable to attack, given access to a sufficiently large-scale quantum computer. We present resource estimates from the literature for running Shor’s algorithm, and we discuss the outlook for postquantum cryptography, which aims to replace existing cryptosystems while being resistant to quantum attack. We also cover quantum approaches for weakening the security of cryptosystems based on Grover’s search algorithm.

Plotting for Peace
  • American Peacemakers, British Codebreakers, and Britain at War, 1914–1917
  • Daniel Larsen
  • Published online:
    26 March 2021
    Print publication:
    01 April 2021
  • With Britain by late 1916 facing the prospect of an economic crisis and increasingly dependent on the US, rival factions in Asquith's government battled over whether or not to seek a negotiated end to the First World War. In this riveting new account, Daniel Larsen tells the full story for the first time of how Asquith and his supporters secretly sought to end the war. He shows how they supported President Woodrow Wilson's efforts to convene a peace conference and how British intelligence, clandestinely breaking American codes, aimed to sabotage these peace efforts and aided Asquith's rivals. With Britain reading and decrypting all US diplomatic telegrams between Europe and Washington, these decrypts were used in a battle between the Treasury, which was terrified of looming financial catastrophe, and Lloyd George and the generals. This book's findings transform our understanding of British strategy and international diplomacy during the war.