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2 results

  • Skeletal mass indices are inversely associated with metabolically unhealthy phenotype in overweight/obese and normal-weight men: a population-based cross-sectional study

  • Cristiane Junqueira de Carvalho, Giana Zarbato Longo, Adriana Maria Kakehasi, Patrícia Feliciano Pereira, Kátia Josiany Segheto, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
  • Journal:
    British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 126 / Issue 4 / 28 August 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    04 November 2020, pp. 501-509
    Print publication:
    28 August 2021
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  • Muscle mass may play an important role in the metabolic profile of individuals with or without excess weight. Metabolic phenotypes classify individuals as healthy or unhealthy based on certain metabolic conditions. We investigated the association between skeletal mass indices (SMI) and the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in normal-weight and overweight/obese adults. A total of 660 adults aged 20 to 59 years were assessed by a population-based cross-sectional study. Muscle mass of the limbs or appendicular lean mass (ALM) adjusted for weight (SMIweight) and BMI (SMIBMI) was used to evaluate SMI. Logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between SMIweight, SMIBMI and metabolic phenotypes of normal-weight and overweight/obese individuals. Metabolically unhealthy individuals were older in both sexes. Metabolically unhealthy men had lower SMI values and higher fat percentage than metabolically healthy men. SMIweight was inversely associated with the metabolically unhealthy phenotype, both in normal-weight men (OR 0·49, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·99, P = 0·04) and in overweight/obese men (OR 0·32, 95 % CI 0·16, 0·64, P = 0·001). SMIBMI was inversely associated with the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in overweight/obese men (OR 0·36, 95 % CI 0·18, 0·72, P = 0·004), but not in normal-weight men (OR 0·70, 95 % CI 0·34, 1·43, P = 0·33). Among women, SMI showed no significant association with the phenotypes. In conclusion, the SMI are inversely associated with the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in men, especially among overweight/obese men.

  • Nutrient and food group intakes and skeletal muscle index in the Japanese elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHNS 2017

  • Chika Okada, Emiko Okada, Hidemi Takimoto
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 23 / Issue 16 / November 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 May 2020, pp. 2923-2931
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  • Objective:

    To examine nutrient and food intakes according to the levels of skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in the elderly.

    Design:

    Cross-sectional study.

    Setting:

    Data were derived from the 2017 National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan. SMI was calculated by dividing appendicular skeletal muscle (or lean) mass (kg) by height squared (m2). We calculated the multivariable-adjusted means of individuals’ dietary intake. Dietary intake of energy, nutrients and food categories was assessed by examining dietary records using a semi-weighed method and compared according to the sex-specific quartiles of SMI.

    Participants:

    Men and women aged ≥60 years.

    Results:

    Among 797 men and 969 women, individuals with a higher SMI consumed more energy and more nutrients than did those with a lower SMI after adjusting for age, lifestyle and physical activity factors. After further adjusting for energy intake, total dietary fibre, vitamin A, vitamin B6, K, Fe and Cu were positively associated with higher SMI in men (Pfor trend < 0·05). For food categories, men with a higher SMI consumed more vegetables and meats, but the associations were attenuated after adjustment for energy and remained significant for vegetable only (Pfor trend = 0·018).

    Conclusions:

    Japanese elderly people with a higher SMI consumed more energy and nutrients and more vegetables than did those with a lower SMI. This finding shows that diet is important in preventing muscle loss among the elderly in an ageing society.