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2 results

  • Chapter 4 - Introducing Molecular Biology

  • from Part 2 - The Basis of Genetic Engineering
  • Desmond S. T. Nicholl
  • Book:
    An Introduction to Genetic Engineering
    Published online:
    10 February 2023
    Print publication:
    02 March 2023, pp 52-77

  • Summary

    Chapter 4 describes how living systems are organised at the molecular level, beginning with the chemistry of carbon-based systems and the concept of emergent properties. The genetic code and the flow of information are introduced as a key central theme, and the structure of DNA and RNA is presented. An outline of gene structure and organisation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is followed by the description of transcription and translation as the mechanisms by which genes are expressed. A broader look at how genomes are organised leads to an outline of the transcriptome and proteome as two important concepts that are key to understanding how the genome functions in adaptive and developmental contexts.

  • Genome organisation in the murine sperm nucleus

  • Carol Jennings, Don Powell
  • Journal:
    Zygote / Volume 3 / Issue 2 / May 1995
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    26 September 2008, pp. 123-131

  • The organisation of DNA sequences in the murine sperm nucleus was studied using in situ hybridisation of biotinylated DNA probes. The efficiency of this reaction was assessed using a dispersed repetitive DNA probe. Telomeric DNA was distributed around the nucleus. Centromeric and ribosomal DNA sequences occupied restricted domains in the sperm nucleus. DNA sequences for a transgene and a cluster of homeogenes occupied different, and rather less defined, domains. Together these results imply that both repetitive and protein-coding sequences are arranged in the nucleus in an ordered fashion.