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Index

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2024

Paula Kivimaa
Paula Kivimaa
Affiliation:
Finnish Environment Institute
Type
Chapter
Information
Security in Sustainable Energy Transitions
Interplay between Energy, Security, and Defence Policies in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Scotland
 , pp. 211 - 215
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NC
This content is Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC-BY-NC 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/cclicenses/

Index

accelerating transitions, 4, 21
actors, 7, 18–27, 29–31, 38, 42–44, 54–57, 60–66, 81–82, 92–93, 98, 100, 102–103, 107, 109–110, 115, 124, 131, 139, 147, 150, 158, 166, 176, 185
administration, 11, 61, 82–83, 101–103, 105, 109, 111, 113–114, 118, 145, 153, 156, 168
administrative, 7, 20, 59–60, 62, 73, 80, 82, 107, 114, 124, 130, 144, 165–166, 168
adverse sovereignty, 137, 139
Arctic, 57, 104, 106, 127, 129, 149, 151
armed conflict, 4, 31, 42, 49
Baltic, 2, 8–9, 46, 49–50, 69–70, 77, 79, 81, 84, 90–91
Baltic connector, 70, 174
Belize, 149
bioenergy, 94, 97, 114
biofuel, 23, 75, 97
Booth, Ken, 6, 29–30, 139
border, 8–9, 40–41, 69, 76, 85–86, 92, 95, 104, 106, 113, 117, 122, 127, 135, 151
Britain, 146, 149–150
Canada, 149
capacity, 1–2, 30–31, 44, 49, 81, 88, 90, 97–98, 102, 123, 125, 130, 132, 143, 152, 154
carbon dioxide, 133, 141, 166
Cherp, Aleh, 7, 25, 36–38
China, 2, 5, 42, 45, 87, 106, 114, 128, 155, 158, 172
citizen energy ownership, prosumer, 1
“Climate and Energy Strategy,” 101, 106, 111, 115–116
climate change, 8, 13, 25–28, 34, 36–37, 40, 47, 50–51, 54, 55, 57, 60, 92, 98–100, 103–104, 115, 117, 128, 131, 139, 149, 151, 156, 159, 161, 166, 185
Climate Change Act, 125, 141, 144–145, 147–148
climate diplomacy, 185
climate policy, 11, 47, 74–75, 85–86, 96, 144, 148
coal, 2, 9, 34, 70, 96, 99–100, 106, 133, 141–142, 144, 175
coalition, 18, 96, 148
co-evolution, 20, 176
comprehensive security, 25, 102–103
conflict, 2, 7, 25, 32, 42, 48, 59, 73, 80–81, 88–89, 114, 166–167, 172
consensus, 65, 79, 87–88, 90, 93, 98, 152, 157, 167, 176, 181, 183
Copenhagen School, 26–27, 32, 169–170
Crimea, 49, 77, 86, 96, 109–110, 129, 181
crisis, 26, 38, 45–47, 70, 83–84, 87, 90–91, 96, 104–105, 108–109, 114–115, 121, 136, 144, 147, 152
critical infrastructure, 84, 135, 137, 171
critical materials, 2, 41, 43, 45, 85, 92, 112, 114, 118, 132, 155, 161–162, 168, 172, 179
critical minerals, 84, 119, 155, 160, 174, 179
“Critical Minerals Strategy,” 149, 155, 167
cultural, 18–20, 22–33, 37, 43, 47, 54, 56, 62, 65, 78–79, 95, 100, 102, 106, 108, 134, 151, 182
cybersecurity, 2, 11, 77–78, 81, 92, 108, 127, 130, 150, 171, 173
dealignment, 20
decarbonization, 2, 4, 7, 36–37, 40–41, 46, 50–51, 76, 80, 82, 85, 87, 93, 97, 111–112, 117, 132, 141, 144–145, 154, 178
defence forces, 77
defence policy, 8, 13, 53, 60, 62, 77–78, 81, 102, 106–107, 111, 117, 127, 141, 149–151, 153, 160, 165–166, 185
defence radar, 9, 118, 166
deinstitutionalization, 66, 134
democracy, 4, 20, 27, 43
Denmark, 2, 38, 49
depoliticization, 28–29, 32, 118, 146, 154, 160, 169, 184
desecuritization, 9, 27–28, 102, 117, 169
destabilization, 24, 33, 52, 63–64, 72, 79, 84–85, 92, 111–112, 132, 138, 158, 175
desynchronization, 46, 72–73, 81, 84, 90–91, 167, 172
digital technologies, 2, 45, 56, 70
diplomacy, 47, 153, 160
discourse, 24, 27, 110, 111, 130, 137–138, 140
disruption, 20, 24, 26, 31, 36–37, 39, 41–43, 47, 49–50, 53, 55, 64, 70, 78, 91, 95, 104, 107, 115, 129, 134, 136, 151
dissonance, 105, 107, 121, 139
Dupont, Claire, 28–29
ecological, 20, 76
economic security, 9, 13, 36, 87, 121, 123, 125, 132–133, 166, 175, 178
economy, 181
Eesti Energia, 73–75, 85, 87–88, 178
electricity
distribution, 1, 18, 41, 107, 126, 146
transmission, 1, 10, 18, 46, 73–74, 81, 91, 107, 120, 123, 125, 130, 146, 178
electrification, 1–3, 9, 13, 42, 44, 98, 112, 118, 123, 125, 172–173, 178, 186
Elering, 73–74, 82, 91, 169
emissions, 36–37, 75, 82, 85, 87, 97, 115, 121, 125–126, 133, 136, 141, 166, 175, 185
empowerment, 21–23, 46
energy crisis, 84, 122, 170, 174, 177
energy democracy, 171
energy dependence, 1, 50, 110
energy diplomacy, 185
energy efficiency, 1, 9, 59, 73, 76, 99, 109, 138, 141, 144–147, 153–154, 156, 186
energy elite, 74, 98, 104
energy independence, 8, 13, 38, 76, 85, 92, 110, 130, 172–173, 175
energy justice, 33, 147, 174
energy policy, 3, 7, 9–12, 29, 32, 35, 38, 40, 47, 49, 51, 57–59, 62, 66, 69, 73–74, 76, 79–81, 87, 92, 94, 96, 99, 101–103, 105–112, 117–118, 121–122, 124–127, 130–132, 137–138, 140–141, 144–148, 151–155, 157, 159–162, 165–166
energy poverty, 38, 147, 154, 160, 162, 173
energy saving, 17, 51, 111
energy security, 7, 11–13, 29, 32, 35–39, 41, 43, 48–50, 75, 83, 85, 92, 100, 108, 111–112, 114–116, 121, 123, 127, 129–130, 133–134, 138, 140, 142, 144, 147, 152–158, 161–162, 167, 174, 186
energy–security nexus, 176, 178–179, 183
energy sovereignty, 137, 140, 179
energy transitions, 3–13, 18, 31, 34, 40, 42, 46, 47, 51, 54, 56, 59, 63, 72, 96, 108, 112, 114, 118, 130, 139, 143, 157, 161, 165, 168, 170, 171, 172, 173, 177, 178, 184
environment, 6, 19, 21, 23, 25–26, 28–29, 36–38, 47, 54–56, 58, 72, 77, 87, 98, 100–101, 106–107, 133, 135, 148, 153–154, 159
environmental security, 25–26, 38–39, 54
Equinor, 123–126, 131, 138, 178
Estonia, 2–3, 8–11, 13, 40, 66, 69–82, 84–94, 112, 127–129, 131, 135, 138, 165–166, 169, 171–173, 182
Estonian, 172, 176, 178, 181, 183. See Estonia
EU, 3, 8, 28, 43, 49–51, 60, 69, 71, 74, 76–77, 80–81, 85, 87, 90, 104, 106, 110, 122, 124–125, 138, 144, 172
EU Green Deal, 58, 185
Europe, 1–2, 8–9, 35, 45–48, 54, 61, 70, 79–80, 90, 92, 106, 110, 116–117, 121, 123, 125, 131, 133, 135–138, 142, 152, 167, 185
European, 1, 3, 5–6, 8–9, 21, 29, 33, 38, 49–50, 55, 60–61, 69–70, 75, 81, 83, 87, 90, 94, 96, 104, 108, 117, 119, 121, 123–124, 129, 133–134, 136, 138, 144–146, 149, 155, 158, 168
European Commission, 6, 51, 60, 83, 90, 181
European Union. See EU
expectations, 21, 22, 30, 32–33, 63, 65, 114, 128, 162
experiment, 21–23, 41
experimentation, 19, 23–24, 118
far-right, 86, 88, 173
Fennovoima, 110–111
Finland, 2, 3, 8–11, 13, 35, 40, 66, 69–70, 72, 79, 81, 82, 90–91, 93–100, 102–106, 108–119, 122, 128–130, 135, 138, 159, 165–166, 169
Finlandization, 95, 106, 108, 112, 117, 182
Finnish, 10, 25, 49, 70, 73, 96–108, 112, 115–118, 169, 176, 178, 181, 183, 185
fit-and-conform, 23, 175
Floyd, Rita, 6, 25–28, 30
foreign affairs, 10, 73–74, 76, 81, 102, 110, 127–128, 130, 156–157
foreign policy, 47, 49, 105, 127, 149–150, 152, 154, 156, 172
fossil fuels, 1, 9, 32, 41, 44–45, 59, 75, 93, 96, 98, 103, 105, 114, 116, 121, 123, 133, 141, 147, 154, 156, 168
gas, 9, 36–38, 40, 48–50, 65, 70, 72–73, 75, 82–84, 90, 93, 95–97, 99, 106, 111–112, 115–116, 118–126, 128–129, 131–133, 135–136, 138–139, 141–143, 145–147, 149, 151–152, 154, 160, 166, 171
Gazprom, 70
Geels, Frank, 5, 18–22, 24, 32, 52, 54–55, 64–65
geopolitical/geopolitics, 2–3, 5, 7–8, 11–12, 32–36, 38–48, 51, 54, 56–58, 69, 77, 84, 89, 92–93, 98, 103, 105, 106, 108, 110–111, 114, 116–118, 128, 131–132, 134, 139, 152–153, 155–156, 162, 166, 172, 176–177, 183–184
Germany, 2, 5, 47, 49–50, 112, 116–117, 122
Global North, 172, 184
Global South, 172, 184
governance, 6, 23, 30–31, 58, 60, 74, 77, 86, 98, 101, 109, 146
grid communities, 2, 46, 92
hard security, 77, 173, 184
health, 6, 26, 37–38, 107, 162
heating, 1, 9, 71, 75, 97, 100, 107, 115–116, 141, 154
Hoogensen Gjørv, Gunhild, 4, 6, 26–27, 29–30, 33, 77, 161, 170
horizontal coherence, 60, 153
Hungary, 49
hydrocarbon, 2, 7–9, 40–48, 98, 120–122, 132, 138, 160–161, 172, 175
hydrogen, 1, 7, 40, 51, 75, 112, 123, 125–126, 143
hydropower, 9, 38, 42–44, 66, 94, 97, 119–125, 129–135
Ida-Viru County, 79–81, 85–88, 90, 92, 175
incumbent, 21, 23–24, 32, 64, 66, 98, 101, 108
Indigenous, 18, 47
industrial policy, 126
inequality, 25
infrastructure, 8, 33, 35–36, 38, 42, 54, 81, 107, 117, 130, 133, 136, 154, 159
injustice, 24, 33
innovation, 2, 5, 19, 20, 22–23, 33–34, 64–65, 94, 101, 118, 144, 155, 162
innovation policy, 94, 101
insecurity, 30–31, 86, 139, 143, 170–171
institutional change, 48, 57, 81, 93
institutionalization, 21, 23, 29
institutionalize, 21, 23, 127
institutions, 4, 19, 42, 47–48, 58, 126, 151
International Energy Agency (IEA), 2, 48, 119, 151, 172
international relations, 6, 25, 41
Iraq, 149
IRENA, 3, 48
Jewell, Jessica, 7, 25, 36, 37, 38
Johnstone, Phil, 3, 5, 17, 24, 31, 32, 33, 35, 40, 47, 144, 145, 153, 159, 169
justice, 2, 4
Just Transition Commission, 143, 148, 155, 171, 175
Just Transition Mechanism, 87, 171, 175
just transitions, 25, 34, 87, 92, 116, 143, 148, 155, 161, 162, 171, 173, 184
Kemp, René, 5, 19, 20, 55
Kenya, 149
landscape, 19–22, 32, 37, 47, 52–57, 62, 79–80, 98, 103–107, 109, 117, 129, 143–144, 151, 165, 181
learning, 8, 21–23, 61, 64–65, 162, 166, 172, 175
liberalization, 48, 50, 144
LNG, 70, 82–84, 93, 96, 111, 117, 167
lock-in, 58, 154
military, 2–3, 5–6, 8, 25, 29, 31–33, 35–37, 39–40, 54–56, 58, 77–79, 89, 104, 105, 112, 127–129, 131, 133–135, 137–138, 140, 143, 149–150, 153, 155–156, 159–160, 166, 168, 173, 176, 184–185
military security, 2–3, 25, 31
Ministry of Defence, 76, 86, 88–90, 92, 102, 127, 149–150, 156, 177
MLP, 19, 20–21, 52–53
National Grid, 146–147, 158, 161
national security, 7–9, 13, 25–27, 31, 34, 60, 62, 69, 77, 81, 84–85, 88–90, 92, 109, 112, 114, 127, 131, 149, 153, 160, 173
National Security Council, 157–158
NATO, 8, 49, 69, 77, 85–86, 108, 127, 129, 149, 151, 153, 166, 173
negative security, 6, 29–33, 52–53, 63, 69, 72, 77, 92, 96, 114, 116–117, 122, 135, 137–139, 143, 158, 161, 165, 170–171
network, 8–10, 18, 21–22, 43, 64, 73, 78, 90–92, 102, 107–108, 116, 120, 123, 126, 134, 141, 146, 156, 172
niche development, 22, 24, 32, 66, 72, 79, 83–84, 96, 111–112, 122, 131, 143, 158, 162
niche expansion, 23, 84, 92–93, 112, 120, 125, 138, 162, 165, 173, 175, 182–183
niche innovations, 5, 20–23, 32, 52, 58, 172
non-military, 25–26, 77, 149
Nord Pool, 2, 46, 90, 138
Nord Stream, 38, 50–51, 70, 111–112, 116, 118, 135, 137–138, 152, 174
Norsk Hydro, 123, 134, 173
Norway, 10–11, 13, 40, 44, 46, 66, 94, 97, 119–140, 143, 165–166, 169
Norwegian, 9, 65, 119–128, 130–138, 140, 142, 171, 178
nuclear power, 3, 9, 72, 94, 97, 99, 110–112, 117, 129, 147, 152–153, 155, 158–160, 162, 169, 176
OECD, 6, 60, 75
offshore wind, 65, 72, 73, 81, 88, 97, 113, 125, 131, 140, 158, 160, 175
Ofgem, 145, 178
oil, 8–9, 13, 32–33, 35–36, 40–41, 44, 48–49, 55, 57, 65–66, 69–76, 79–88, 90–93, 96–97, 99, 106, 114, 119–126, 128–133, 135–136, 138–139, 141–143, 149, 153, 160
oil shale, 8, 13, 66, 69–76, 79–88, 90–93, 166, 167, 171–172, 178
Olkiluoto 3, 3, 97
OPEC, 48, 119
organizational, 8, 18, 61, 127, 144, 157
parliament, 9–11, 49, 127, 145, 149
parliamentary, 58, 61, 77, 109–110, 145, 149
peace, 4, 6–7, 30, 33–34
peacebuilding. See peace
peat, 9, 66, 94, 96, 100, 111, 112, 114–117, 166, 171, 175
phaseout, 8, 24, 64, 66, 72, 84, 86–87, 92, 95, 115, 122–123, 141, 157, 160, 166, 171–172, 175, 182
Poland, 2, 5, 49–50, 90–91
policy coherence, 5, 7, 12, 21, 49, 51–53, 58–62, 72, 81, 96, 109, 122, 129, 143, 157, 160, 165, 168, 185
policy domains, 7, 13, 59–62, 80–81, 107, 149, 166, 168, 170
policy incoherence, 7, 60, 62, 87, 107, 117, 168, 183
policy instruments, 107, 153, 162
policy integration, 5, 7–8, 58, 60–61, 107, 109, 155, 160, 165–166, 168
policy measures, 29, 62, 80
policy mix(es), 20, 58–59
policy objective, 7, 59–62, 80, 89, 168
policy processes, 59, 80, 157
political, 3, 6, 17–20, 26–29, 31, 34–37, 40, 46, 49, 54, 56–59, 61–62, 65–66, 74, 79, 82–85, 87–88, 90, 92–93, 97–98, 100–102, 105, 108–110, 112, 115, 117, 125, 131–133, 137–138, 140, 146–148, 150–152, 154, 157, 160, 162
political incoherence, 183
politicization, 28, 140, 165, 169–170
politicize, 28, 83, 124, 130, 137
politics, 6–7, 10, 19, 27–28, 32, 34, 40, 44, 48, 77, 86, 93, 105–106, 171
pollution, 17, 34, 36, 37
populism, 34, 46, 54
populist, 34, 46, 77, 86, 171
positive security, 4, 6, 27, 30–33, 46, 92, 102, 114, 116–118, 122, 132, 136–137, 139–140, 161–162, 165, 170–172, 175
power, 18, 29, 31, 39–41, 44, 46, 64, 91, 98, 145–146
Power Pool, 100, 107, 166, 179
practices, 17, 19, 23, 28–31, 47, 58, 62, 65, 75, 109, 140
rare earths, 2
Raven, Rob, 21–23
reconfiguration, 17, 21, 24, 84, 112, 182
referent object, 25–26, 55, 116, 183
regime decline, 23, 63–64, 66, 134, 139, 165, 172, 175, 182–183
regulation, 37, 88, 135, 148
renewable energy, 1–4, 7, 9, 12–13, 32, 35, 38, 40–49, 56, 59, 60, 71–76, 79, 83–84, 88, 91–93, 96, 100, 108, 112, 120, 122–124, 126, 134, 137, 141, 143–144, 146–147, 152, 154–155, 158, 168, 171, 173–174, 177–179, 181, 186
replication, 23
RePower EU, 51, 83
resilience, 31, 37, 102, 171, 174, 184–185
reskilling, 143, 158
resource colonialism, 172
restabilization, 182
Rip, Arie, 5, 19–20, 55
Roe, Paul, 4, 6, 29–31
Romania, 49
Rosatom, 3, 105, 110
rules, 7, 19, 23–24, 33, 46–47, 56, 74
Russia, 1, 3, 5, 8–9, 11, 21, 33, 40, 46, 48–51, 54–55, 57, 69–70, 72, 76–82, 84–88, 90–96, 98–99, 102–119, 121, 122, 127–129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 143–144, 149–153, 155, 157, 161–162, 166, 170
safety, 6, 26, 30, 97, 107, 122, 134, 151, 155, 158
Schot, Johan, 18–22, 32, 34, 55
Scotland, 2, 3, 8–11, 13, 66, 141–143, 145–148, 150–152, 157–158, 160, 162, 165–166, 171, 175
Scottish, 9, 143, 145–148, 151–153, 155, 157–158, 159–161
securitization, 4, 26–29, 32, 53, 62, 96, 111, 122, 138, 140, 143, 165, 169–170
security, climate, 2, 62, 103, 132, 139, 154, 156, 161
security, human, 2, 25–26, 30, 38, 54, 172
security of supply, 2, 13, 43, 45, 48, 50, 54–56, 58, 73, 81, 87–88, 90, 100, 102, 108–110, 115–116, 118, 120, 129, 136, 146, 154, 158, 165, 167, 174, 177, 179
security policy, 11, 13, 29, 32, 45, 47, 50, 59, 60, 62, 76–77, 80, 93, 102–103, 105, 107, 116, 127, 130–131, 135, 149–150, 155, 165
security studies, 3, 5–7, 12, 18, 25–29, 32, 36–37, 55, 138, 169–170, 183–184
social justice, 6, 18, 30, 173
sociotechnical, 5, 17–21, 23–24, 32–33, 52, 54, 56, 175, 182
soft security, 184
solar, 23, 42–44, 51, 66, 71, 75, 83, 92, 131, 134, 147
Sovereign Wealth Fund, 171, 175
Soviet Union, 69, 102, 105, 110, 169, 182
stability, 13, 30–31, 34, 40–41, 52, 56, 81, 106, 112, 133, 138, 153
state, 8, 18, 25–26, 30–35, 38, 40–41, 46, 55, 58, 69, 73–75, 77, 79, 82, 106, 110, 114, 115, 122–124, 127, 129, 132, 136, 145, 149–150, 152
stockpiling, 36, 84, 112, 167–168, 171
stretch-and-transform, 23, 175
sustainability transitions, 3–6, 12–13, 17–21, 24–26, 31, 33–34, 37, 41, 47, 52, 54–56, 58, 63, 82, 118
Sweden, 2, 38, 90–91, 94, 97, 112, 119, 122
synergy, 7, 59–60, 62, 80, 83, 87, 107, 109, 131, 167
Szulecki, Kacper, 3, 7, 27, 29, 34, 37–38, 46, 49, 53, 62, 131
technological change, 19, 22, 42
technology, 6, 22–23, 33–34, 37, 41–43, 63, 81, 89, 125–126, 143, 149
tensions, 24, 33, 42, 44–46, 62, 78, 86, 135
territorial, 6, 70, 96, 102, 116, 122
terrorist, 3, 36, 39, 127, 130, 133, 158, 166, 174, 184
threats, 6, 13, 25–30, 32, 36, 58, 77, 78, 92, 104, 106
total security, 107
transformation, 20–21, 33, 44
transition pathways, 13, 20
transport, 1, 9, 17, 23, 32, 72, 97, 99, 123, 129, 151, 159
UK, 2, 8–9, 72, 122, 141, 144
Ukraine, 1, 3, 21, 33, 40, 48–50, 54–55, 70, 77, 80, 90, 93–95, 104–106, 110, 114–115, 121, 126, 135, 137, 144, 151–152, 155, 170, 181
UN, 26, 127, 129
US, 5, 34, 51, 72, 85, 111, 117, 119, 149
unlearning, 64–65, 168
upscaling, 23
Wæever, Ole, 27
wellbeing, 6, 25, 30, 38, 58, 86, 92, 107
Willrich, Mason, 36
wind power, 2, 8–9, 22, 33, 38, 44, 66, 71–72, 80–82, 84, 88–90, 92–93, 96–97, 111–114, 117–118, 120, 123, 125, 131, 134–140, 143, 147, 158, 160, 162, 166, 173, 175
world wars, 5, 32–35, 40
World War II, 32, 34, 96, 182
zero-carbon, 2–4, 8, 11–12, 54, 56, 62, 69, 81, 84–85, 88–89, 91–93, 111, 115, 121, 124, 130, 145–146, 160, 166–167, 175, 178, 185

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  • Index
  • Paula Kivimaa, Finnish Environment Institute
  • Book: Security in Sustainable Energy Transitions
  • Online publication: 23 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009368155.014
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  • Index
  • Paula Kivimaa, Finnish Environment Institute
  • Book: Security in Sustainable Energy Transitions
  • Online publication: 23 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009368155.014
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  • Index
  • Paula Kivimaa, Finnish Environment Institute
  • Book: Security in Sustainable Energy Transitions
  • Online publication: 23 November 2024
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009368155.014
Available formats
×