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Accepted manuscript

Polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish intake and risk of disabling dementia in Japan: the JPHC Disabling Dementia Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2025

Sarah K. Abe ,
Manami Inoue Open the ORCID record for Manami Inoue [Opens in a new window] ,
Nobufumi Yasuda ,
Kazumasa Yamagishi Open the ORCID record for Kazumasa Yamagishi [Opens in a new window] ,
Shoichiro Tsugane ,
Norie Sawada  and
the JPHC Study Group
Sarah K. Abe
Affiliation:
Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
Manami Inoue*
Affiliation:
Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan Cancer Epidemiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
Nobufumi Yasuda
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan
Kazumasa Yamagishi
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
Shoichiro Tsugane
Affiliation:
Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Norie Sawada
Affiliation:
Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
*
*Corresponding author: Manami Inoue, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, TEL: +81 3-3542-2511, Fax: +81 3-3547-8578, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective:

The aim of this study was to assess the association between fish intake, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 PUFA and risk of disabling dementia.

Design:

Prospective cohort

Setting:

Municipalities within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

Participants:

43,651 participants: (20,002 men and 23,649 women)

Results:

Exposure intake of fish, n-3 and n-6 PUFA intake were evaluated in 1995-1997. We defined disabling dementia cases as participants who were certified to receive disability care under the long-term-care insurance program (2006-2016) in participating municipalities with a grade of activities of daily living related to dementia ≥IIa on the dementia rating scale (range 0-IV and M). Cox proportional hazard models were applied to obtain hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) according to quartiles of exposures of interest. In the main analysis, we adjusted for age and area, smoking, body mass index, alcohol, and metabolic equivalent tasks. During 410,350 person years of follow-up with an average follow-up of 9.4 years, 5,278 cases of disabling dementia were diagnosed. Fish intake and most PUFAs were not associated with the risk of disabling dementia in men. In women, n-6 PUFA showed a significant decreasing trend in risk the highest HR (95% CI) compared with the lowest was 0.90 (0.81-0.99) (p for trend=0.024) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) was 0.91 (0.82 to 1.00) (p for trend=0.043).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest no association with fish in general and only n-6 PUFA and ALA may be associated with a decreased risk of disabling dementia especially in women.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 27
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society