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An anti-inflammatory nutritional intervention selectively improves insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adolescents wherein baseline metabotype predicts response

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 September 2014

R. M. Connaugton ,
A. M. McMorrow ,
M. L. Healy ,
F. C. McGillicuddy ,
F. E. Lithander  and
H. M. Roche
R. M. Connaugton
Affiliation:
Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
A. M. McMorrow
Affiliation:
Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
M. L. Healy
Affiliation:
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, St. James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
F. C. McGillicuddy
Affiliation:
Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
F. E. Lithander
Affiliation:
Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Canberra, Australia, ACT 2601
H. M. Roche
Affiliation:
Nutrigenomics Research Group, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Public Health and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract

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Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 73 , Issue OCE2: Irish Section Meeting, 18–20 June 2014, Changing Dietary Behaviour: Physiology Through to Practice , 2014 , E84
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2014 

R.M. Connaugton awarded the FSAI student prize for poster communication

Anti-inflammatory nutritional approaches may attenuate obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance( Reference Oliver, McGillicuddy and Harford 1 ). However, results from randomised controlled trials are not entirely consistent( Reference Tierney, McMonagle and Shaw 2 , Reference Calder, Namanjeet and Fred 3 ), warranting increased focus on determinants of inter-subject variability particularly within young cohorts at high-risk. Baseline metabotype may partially discriminate responders from non-responders.

Metabolic effects of an anti-inflammatory nutritional supplement containing LC n-3 PUFA, vitamin C, vitamin E, and polyphenols, were determined in overweight and obese adolescents (n = 58; mean (SD) age 15.9(1.6) y; BMI 32.1(6.5) kg/m2) by an 8-wk randomised, crossover, placebo-controlled intervention. Subjects who demonstrated >10% improvement in HOMA-IR were categorised as responders.

Anti-inflammatory nutritional supplementation selectively reduced HOMA-IR in40% of subjects (responders; supplement –32.05(18.02)% v placebo 13.13(54.09)%, p = 0.004).In comparison with non-responders, responding subjects demonstrated an adverse pre-treatment metabotype characterised by increased HOMA-IR, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol despite similar BMI (p = 0.001, p = 0.029, p = 0.024, p = 0.236, respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analysis confirmed baseline HOMA-IR, LDL:HDL ratio and CD163, as well as delta adiponectin and delta CD163as significant independent predictors of HOMA-IR response to anti-inflammatory supplementation (R 2 = 0.673, p < 0.001). On-going analysis is defining the molecular basis of the differential response.

These results demonstrate heterogeneity with respect to the insulin sensitising effects of anti-inflammatory nutritional supplementation. Despite similar BMI to non-responders, the insulin resistant and dyslipidaemic metabotype of responders enhanced the impact of anti-inflammatory nutritional approaches. This illustrates potential efficacy optimisation within the context of personalised nutrition. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01665742.

This research was funded by The National Children's Research Centre, Ireland. HMR& FCM are supported by Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator Programme (11/PI/1119) and Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellowship (097311/Z/11/1).

References

1. Oliver, E, McGillicuddy, FC, Harford, KA et al. (2012) J NutrBiochem 23, 1192–1200.Google Scholar
2. Tierney, AC, McMonagle, J, Shaw, DI et al. (2011) Int J Obes 35, 800–809.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Calder, PC, Namanjeet, A, Fred, B et al. (2011) Br J Nutr 106, S1–S78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar