In late 1979 Hans Kinzl died after a lifetime′s work on glacier oscillations in both the European Alps and Peru. In the 1930s he was a pioneer of systematic research into historical alpine glacier oscillations. This volume brings together the results of a colloquium on the topic held in Trier in 1980 and is dedicated to the memory of Hans Kinzl. It is a fine book with several significant papers.
In all there are 26 papers, mostly dealing with glacier fluctuations in the last 15000 years. A few go back further and discuss glacier fluctuations earlier in the Würm/Wisconsin. Three papers deal with periglacial features, such as rock glaciers, lobes, palsas, and thurfurs, while two papers deal with chronological techniques, namely oak-tree rings and lichenometry. A wide variety of environments is discussed. Ten papers deal with the Alps, three each with Norway and the Pyrenees, and two with the Massif Central. In addition, there are single papers on Mexico, northern Ellesmere Island, West Greenland, the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, and West Antarctica.
Many of the papers dealing with glacial and post-glacial fluctuations rely on a geographical approach whereby former glacier positions and levels of periġlacial activity are established on the basis of geomorphological mapping of landforms, supplemented by sedimentary analysis. Dating and further insight into environmental reconstruction comes from pollen and diatom analyses, and radiocarbon dating. A distinctive paper by Anundsen and Fjedskaar links glacier fluctuations in west Norway to changing sea-levels. It is particularly interesting to see how a well-dated sea-level curve can be used to predict former glacier fluctuations and vice versa. This paper is based on recent advances in the understanding of glacio-isostasy and glacio-eustasy, and is an illuminating example of the use of a significant new tool in glacial geomorphology. Throughout many of the papers in the volume there is an attempt to link former glacier extent with former equilibrium-line altitudes and thereby with palaeoclimate. Such an approach reveals several good examples of how glaciers of different morphology and on different sides of a mountain range respond distinctively to climatic change.
One of the main impressions gained from reading this book is the wealth of information now available on glacier fluctuations in the Alps. Here there are dozens of glaciers for which a multitude of methods, e.g. historical records, paintings, photographs, archaeological findings, dendrochronology, lichenometry, vegetation and soil studies, and radiocarbon dating, have allowed a detailed reconstruction of glacier oscillations over the last few thousand years. The number and sequence of oscillations produces a complex picture but, bearing in mind the response of particular types of glacier, it is now possible to contrast the nature of climatic change in different parts of the Alps. In contrast, there are large areas of the world where reconstructions lean heavily on a few pieces of evidence.
An important issue raised by the book is the way in which the full Alpine record has been little appreciated in the English-speaking world. Lorenz King writes feelingly “Some studies in the English language commonly correlate glacier fluctuations all over the world but totally disregard studies carried out in the Alps” (p. 314). The charge is true to the loss of the subject as a whole. This book makes an important contribution towards solution of the problem. The papers are written in German, French or English, but the abstracts and figure captions are in all three languages. Since there is correct use of photographs and figures with full captions, a single-language reader can follow all the contributions. Certainly, the English-speaking reader is shown the key Alpine literature with its great scope for constraining and testing theories about the ways glaciers respond to climate.
All in all, this is a fine thought-provoking book. We must all be grateful to Hellmut Schroeder-Lanz for his painstaking effort in making multi-lingual literature on glacier fluctuations widely accessible.
