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Insects, Nematodes, and Pathogens Associated by Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense) in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Pastures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert L. Nichols ,
John Cardina ,
Robert L. Lynch ,
Norman A. Minton  and
Homer D. Wells
Robert L. Nichols
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Supervisory Res. Entomol., Res. Nematol., and Res. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
John Cardina
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Supervisory Res. Entomol., Res. Nematol., and Res. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
Robert L. Lynch
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Supervisory Res. Entomol., Res. Nematol., and Res. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
Norman A. Minton
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Supervisory Res. Entomol., Res. Nematol., and Res. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
Homer D. Wells
Affiliation:
Res. Agron., Supervisory Res. Entomol., Res. Nematol., and Res. Plant Pathol., USDA-ARS, Coastal Plain Exp. Stn., Tifton, GA 31793
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Abstract

Horsenettle is a deep-rooted perennial weed that cannot be easily controlled by mechanical means or by a single chemical application. A study was conducted at two sites for two consecutive years to identify biological factors that might limit its growth. Insects, nematodes, and plant pathogens were collected from horsenettle growing in bermudagrass pastures. The insects most commonly found included the Colorado potato beetle and the eggplant flea beetle. An unidentified lepidopteron, family Gelechiidae, was found at very low frequency as pupae in hollow leaf chambers constructed at the apices of flowering meristems. Infested apices bore no fruit. Seven genera of nematodes were found in the soil at both sites, but only very low numbers of lesion nematodes were recovered from horsenettle roots, and these had caused little damage. Root rot was observed under wet soil conditions on plants damaged by trampling. A downy mildew was prevalent at both sites in both years in October.

Keywords

Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense L. #3 SOLCA)bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDA]Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlimneata (Say)]eggplant flea beetle (Epitrix fuscula Crotch.)downy mildew (Erisyphe cichoracearum DC.)root rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kuehn.)lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.)Biological controlGelechiidaenematodes
Type
Special Topics
Information
Weed Science , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , June 1992 , pp. 320 - 325
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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