Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T22:47:56.138Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of nitrogen on competition between winter cereals and sterile oat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kico V. Dhima  and
Ilias G. Eleftherohorinos
Kico V. Dhima
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Agronomy, University of Thessaloniki, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Field experiments were carried out in northern Greece during 1994, 1995, and 1996 to study the effect of nitrogen fertilization on competition between sterile oat and wheat, barley, and triticale. Dry weight of all crops was not affected until early March by sterile oats (110 plants m−2), but wheat and triticale dry weight were significantly reduced by sterile oats competition after that time. Grain yield of both wheat and triticale was equally reduced by 61% due to the presence of sterile oats, whereas the reduction for barley grain yield was 9%. Nitrogen fertilization (150 kg N ha−1) slightly increased yield of all crops grown without weed competition compared to the control (0 kg N), whereas the same treatment increased sterile oats dry weight as well as its competitive ability against wheat and triticale. Split application of nitrogen (50 kg N ha−1 before planting and 100 kg N ha−1 in early March) caused a slightly higher increase in sterile oats dry weight compared to the control or one application (150 kg N ha−1) before planting, when grown with wheat and triticale. However, dry weight of sterile oats grown with barley was severely reduced by the interference of the crop. Total nitrogen content of all crop plants grown without sterile oats increased with nitrogen fertilization compared to the control. However, total nitrogen in crop plants grown with sterile oats was reduced compared to the weed-free control; percent reduction was greater in plants grown in plots treated with nitrogen than in the control. These results indicate that barley could be used for limiting sterile oats interference in areas where winter cereals are grown; time of nitrogen application could also be used for a slight reduction of sterile oats competitive ability against wheat or triticale.

Keywords

Barley, Hordeum vulgare = distichum L. ‘Carina’sterile oat, Avena sterilis L. AVESTtriticale, × Triticosecale ‘Dada’wheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Yecora’N-fertilizationweed–crop competitioninterference
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 49 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 77 - 82
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Afentouli, C. G. and Eleftherohorinos, I. G. 1996. Littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris brachystachys) interference in wheat and barley. Weed Sci. 44:560–565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akey, W. C. and Morrison, I. N. 1984. Effects of soil moisture on the vegetative growth of wild oat (Avena fatua). Weed Sci. 32:625–630.Google Scholar
Balyan, R. S., Malik, R. K., Panwar, R. S., and Singh, S. 1991. Competitive ability of winter wheat cultivars with wild oat (Avena ludoviciana). Weed Sci. 39:154–158.Google Scholar
Bell, A. R. and Nalewaja, J. D. 1968. Competition of wild oat in wheat and barley. Weed Sci. 16:505–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlson, H. L. and Hill, J. E. 1985. Wild oat (Avena fatua) competition with spring wheat: plant density effects. Weed Sci. 33:176–181.Google Scholar
Cassman, K.G., Bryant, D. C., Fulton, A. E., and Jackson, L. F. 1992. Nitrogen supply effects on partitioning of dry matter and nitrogen to grain of irrigated wheat. Crop Sci. 32:1251–1258.Google Scholar
Chancellor, R. J. and Peters, N.C.B. 1974. The time of onset of competition between wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and spring cereals. Weed Res. 14:197–202.Google Scholar
Damanakis, M. E. 1983. Weed species in wheat fields of Greece-1982, 1983 survey. Zizaniology 1:85–90.Google Scholar
Exley, D. M. and Snaydon, R. W. 1992. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and emergence date on root and shoot competition between wheat and blackgrass. Weed Res. 32:175–182.Google Scholar
Gonzalez Ponce, R. 1988. Competition between Avena sterilis ssp macrocarpa Mo. and cultivars of wheat. Weed Res. 28:303–307.Google Scholar
Henson, J. F. and Jordan, L. S. 1982. Wild oat (Avena fatua) competition with wheat (Triticum aestivum and T. turgidum durum) for nitrate. Weed Sci. 30:297–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkland, K. J. 1993. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth and yield as influenced by duration of wild oat (Avena fatua) competition. Weed Technol. 7:890–893.Google Scholar
Lopez-Castaneda, C., Richards, R. A., and Farquhar, G. D. 1995. Variation in early vigor between wheat and barley. Crop Sci. 35:472–479.Google Scholar
Moss, S. R. 1987. Competition between black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) and winter wheat. Proc. Brit. Crop Prot. Conf.-Weeds 2:367–374.Google Scholar
Overland, L. 1966. The role of allelopathic substances in the smother crop barley. Amer. J. Bot. 53:423–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Papakosta, D. K. and Gagianas, A. A. 1991. Nitrogen and dry matter accumulation, remobilization, and losses for Mediterranean wheat during grain filling. Agron. J. 83:864–870.Google Scholar
Peters, N.C.B. 1984. Time of onset of competition and effects of various fractions of an Avena fatua L. population in spring barley. Weed Res. 24:305–315.Google Scholar
Putnam, A. R. and DeFrank, J. 1979. Use of allelopathic cover crops to inhibit weeds. Science 36:580–582.Google Scholar
Putnam, A. R. and DeFrank, J. 1983. Use of phytotoxic plant residues for selective weed control. Crop Prot. 2:173–181.Google Scholar
Satorre, E. H. and Snaydon, R. W. 1992. A comparison of root and shoot competition between spring cereals and Avena fatua L. Weed Res. 32:45–55.Google Scholar
Spiertz, J.H.J. and Ellen, J. 1978. Effects of nitrogen on crop development and grain growth of winter wheat in relation to assimilation and utilization of assimilates and nutrients Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 26:210–231.Google Scholar
Torner, C., Fernandez-Quintanilla, C., and Navarrete, L. 1984. Tolerance and competitive ability of winter cereal cultivars in the presence of Avena sterilis L. ssp. ludoviciana Dur. Proc. Eor. Weed Res. Soc. 3rd Symp. On Weed Problems in the Mediterranean Area. pp. 109–115.Google Scholar
Torner, C., Gonzalez Andujar, J. L., and Fernandez-Quintanilla, C. 1991. Wild oat (Avena sterilis L.) competition with winter barley: plant density effects. Weed Res. 31:301–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watkins, F. B. 1971. Effects of annual dressings of nitrogen fertilizer on wild oat infestations. Weed Res. 11:292–301.Google Scholar
Wilson, B. J. and Peters, N.C.B. 1982. Some studies of competition between Avena fatua L. and spring barley. Weed Res. 22:143–148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar