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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 10 April 2003
A mathematical model is described and applied to simulate sudden total one-dimensional dam-break flow over wetted bed. The dam collapse takes place in a rough sloping non-prismatic channel of various cross-sections. The water parameters to be instantaneously calculated are the height h, the discharge Q, the mean velocity u and the pressure force P. The mentioned flow is governed by the Saint-Venant shallow water equations and the computation process, on the basis of rectangular grid of points, consists of two complementary solutions: (a) at the first instant after the collapse, an analytical procedure is considered. The calculated parameters are taken as initial values in the water stream embraced by the flood wave. Outside this zone, initial conditions are those which preexist before the rupture. (b) Beyond this time, a numerical computation is carried out by using an iterative explicit method of characteristics. (c) Every time stage of calculation starts by determining the discontinuity (wave front) parameters namely its abscissa xδ, height hδ, celerity cδ and alert delay tδ. The former is the discontinuity arrival time at considered station. Typical results are obtained and compared with similar ones already published by others in the literature.