Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T20:20:20.994Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Distractibility in Schizophrenia: State and Trait Aspects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2018

Bonnie Spring ,
Martin Lemon ,
Lisa Weinstein  and
Alison Haskell
Bonnie Spring
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University
Martin Lemon
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University
Lisa Weinstein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University
Alison Haskell
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Texas Tech University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia can be differentiated into state-linked accompaniments of psychotic episodes and trait-linked signs of a more enduring vulnerability to schizophrenia (Zubin & Spring, 1977; Cromwell & Spaulding, 1978). Elsewhere (Spring & Zubin, 1978) we suggested that a marker of psychotic episodes is one that deviates in highly symptomatic schizophrenic patients and normalises as their florid psychotic symptoms remit. A stable vulnerability marker, in contrast, continues to deviate in remitted patients, their biological relatives, and others who are vulnerable to schizophrenia but not floridly psychotic. In addition, Nuechterlein & Dawson (1984) proposed a mediating vulnerability marker which demonstrates characteristics of both vulnerability and episode markers. On such a marker, asymptomatic vulnerable individuals differ from normal; the advent of psychosis magnifies the deviation.

Type
III. From the Perspective of Individual Psychology
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 155 , Issue S5: Schizophrenia as a Systems Disorder: The Relevance of Mediating Processes for Theory and Therapy , July 1989 , pp. 63 - 68
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asarnow, R. F. & MacCrimmon, D. J. (1978) Residual performance deficit in clinically remitted schizophrenics: A marker of schizophrenia? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 597–608.Google Scholar
Asarnow, R. F., Steffy, R. A., MacCrimmon, D. J., et al (1978) An attentional assessment of foster children at risk for schizophrenia. In The Nature of Schizophrenia: New Approaches to Research and Treatment (eds Wynne, L. C., Cromwell, R. L. & Matthysse, S.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias Translated (1950) by J. Zinkin. New York: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Blum, R., Livingston, P. & Shader, R. (1969) Changes in cognition, attention, and language in acute schizophrenia. Diseases of the Nervous System, 30, 31–36.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J. & Chapman, J. P. (1978) The measurement of differential deficit. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 14, 303–311.Google Scholar
Chapman, L. J., Edell, W. S. & Chapman, J. P. (1980) Physical anhedonia, perceptual aberration, and psychosis proneness. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 6, 639–653.Google Scholar
Cornblatt, B. & Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. (1984) Early attentional predictors of adolescent behavioral disturbances in children at risk for schizophrenia. In Children at Risk for Schizophrenia: A Longitudinal Perspective (eds N. F. Watt, E. J. Anthony, L. C. Wynne, et al). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cornblatt, B. & Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. (1985) Global attentional deviance as a marker of risk for schizophrenia: Specificity and predictive validity. Journal of Psychology, 94, 470–486.Google ScholarPubMed
Cromwell, R. L. & Spaulding, W. (1978) How schizophrenics handle information. In Phenomenology and Treatment of Schizophrenia (eds W. E. Fann, I. Karacan, A. D. Pokorny, et al). New York: Spectrum Publications.Google Scholar
Dykes, M. & McGhie, A. (1976) A comparative study of attentional strategies of schizophrenic and highly creative normal subjects. British Journal of Psychiatry 128, 50–56.Google Scholar
Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. & Cornblatt, B. (1978) Attentional measures in a study of children at high risk for schizophrenia. In Nature of Schizophrenia: New Approaches to Research and Treatment (eds Wynne, L. C., Cromwell, R. & Matthysse, S.). New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Frame, C. L. & Oltmanns, T. F. (1982) Serial recall by schizophrenic and affective patients during and after psychotic episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 91, 311–318.Google Scholar
Harvey, P., Winters, K., Weintraub, S., et al (1981) Distractibility in children vulnerable to psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 90, 298–304.Google Scholar
Miller, G. A. & Selfridge, J. A. (1950) Verbal context and the recall of meaningful material. American Journal of Psychology, 63, 176–185.Google Scholar
Nuechterlein, K. H. & Dawson, M. E. (1984) Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenic disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 160–203.Google Scholar
Orvaschel, H., Mednick, S., Schulsinger, F., et al (1979) The children of psychiatrically disturbed parents. Archives of General Psychiatry, 36, 691–695.Google Scholar
Overall, J. E. & Gorham, D. R. (1962) The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychological Reports, 10, 799–812.Google Scholar
Payne, R.W., Hochberg, A. C. & Hawks, D. V. (1970) Dichotic stimulation as a method of assessing disorder of attention in overinclusive schizophrenic patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 76, 185–193.Google Scholar
Pigache, R. M. & Norris, H. (1973) Selective attention as an index of the antipsychotic action of chlorpromazine in schizophrenia. Bulletin of the British Psychonomic Society, 23, 160.Google Scholar
Pogue-Geile, M. F. & Oltmanns, T. F. (1980) Sentence perception and distractibility in schizophrenic, manic and depressed patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89, 115–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rutschmann, J., Cornblatt, B. & Erlenmeyer-Kimling, L. (1977) Sustained attention in children at risk for schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 34, 571–575.Google Scholar
Schneider, S. J. (1976) Selective attention in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 167–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spring, B. & Zubin, J. (1978) Attention and information processing as indicators of vulnerability to schizophrenic episodes. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 14, 289–302.Google Scholar
Spring, B., Weinstein, L., Freeman, R., et al (in press) Selective attention in schizophrenia. In Handbook of Schizophrenia, Vol. 4, Experimental Psychopathology, Neuropsychology Psychophysiology and Information Processing (eds S. R. Steinhauer, J. H. Gruzelier & J. Zubin). Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Straube, E. R. & Germer, C. K. (1979) Dichotic shadowing and selective attention to word meaning in schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, 346–353.Google Scholar
Wahl, O. (1976) Schizophrenic patterns of dichotic shadowing performance. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 163, 401–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winters, K. C., Stone, A. A., Weintraub, S. & Neale, J. M. (1981) Cognitive and attentional deficits in children vulnerable to psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 9, 435–453.Google Scholar
Wishner, J. & Wahl, O. (1974) Dichotic listening in schizophrenia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 538–546.Google Scholar
Wohlberg, G. W. & Kornetsky, C. (1973) Sustained attention in remitted schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 28, 533–537.Google Scholar
Zubin, J. & Spring, B. (1977) Vulnerability: A new view of schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 36, 103–126.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.