Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T02:18:59.751Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) has potential as an interseeded cover crop

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2019

Sam E. Wortman Open the ORCID record for Sam E. Wortman [Opens in a new window]
Sam E. Wortman*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, 279 Plant Sciences Hall, Lincoln, NE68583, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Sam E. Wortman, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Interseeding provides flexibility in cover crop establishment, but most cover crop species are not well-adapted to the duration of low-intensity light beneath the cash crop canopy. Field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) has physiological seed dormancy traits and its emergence pattern may be better synchronized with cash crop senescence. The objective of this study was to demonstrate proof-of-concept for using pennycress as an interseeded cover crop. A 2-year field experiment was conducted where cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), mustard (Guillenia flavescens L.) or pennycress were interseeded into edamame [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] 1 month after planting. Rye and mustard emerged within 6 days, whereas pennycress emergence was delayed up to 56 days after interseeding. Pennycress provided 37–57% soil cover in fall and produced 0.4–2.5 Mg ha−1 biomass the following spring. Preliminary results demonstrate the utility of pennycress as an interseeded cover crop and the potential value of seed dormancy traits in interseeding systems.

Keywords

Catch cropssoil conservationsustainable agriculture
Type
From the Field
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 35 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 594 - 598
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arendt, EK and Zannini, E (2013) Rye. In Arendt, EK and Zannini, E (eds), Cereal Grains for the Food and Beverage Industries. Oxford, UK: Woodhead Publishing, pp. 220–243e.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baributsa, DN, Foster, EF, Thelen, KD, Kravchenko, AN, Mutch, DR and Ngouajio, M (2008) Corn and cover crop response to corn density in an interseeding system. Agronomy Journal 100, 981–987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Best, KF and Mcintyre, GI (1975) The biology of Canadian weeds: 9. Thlaspi arvense L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 55, 279–292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanco-Canqui, H, Shaver, TM, Lindquist, JL, Shapiro, CA, Elmore, RW, Francis, CA and Hergert, GW (2015) Cover crops and ecosystem services: Insights from studies in temperate soils. Agronomy Journal 107, 2449–2474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, AS, Hill, JD, Chase, CA, Johanns, AM and Liebman, M (2012) Increasing cropping system diversity balances productivity, profitability and environmental health. PLoS ONE 7, e47149.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Bruin, JL and Pedersen, P (2008) Soybean seed yield response to planting date and seeding rate in the upper Midwest. Agronomy Journal 100, 696–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberle, CA, Thom, MD, Nemec, KT, Forcella, F, Lundgren, JG, Gesch, RW, Riedell, WE, Papiernik, SK, Wagner, A, Peterson, DH and Eklund, JJ (2015) Using pennycress, camelina, and canola cash cover crops to provision pollinators. Industrial Crops and Products 75, 20–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyherabide, JJ and Cendoya, MG (2002) Critical periods of weed control in soybean for full field and in-furrow interference. Weed Science 50, 162–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gesch, RW and Archer, DW (2005) Influence of sowing date on emergence characteristics of maize seed coated with a temperature-activated polymer. Agronomy Journal 97, 1543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gesch, RW, Archer, DW and Spokas, K (2012) Can using polymer-coated seed reduce the risk of poor soybean emergence in no-tillage soil? Field Crops Research 125, 109–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haramoto, ER and Gallandt, ER (2005) Brassica cover cropping: I. Effects on weed and crop establishment. Weed Science 53, 695–701.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazebroek, JP and Metzger, JD (1990) Environmental control of seed germination in Thlaspi arvense (Cruciferae). American Journal of Botany 77, 945–953.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2019) The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. Available at http://www.weedscience.com (accessed 12 February 2019).Google Scholar
Hively, WD and Cox, WJ (2001) Interseeding cover crops into soybean and subsequent corn yields. Agronomy Journal 93, 308–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, EN, Miller, PR, Blackshaw, RE, Gan, Y, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW, Kephart, KD, Wichman, DM, Topinka, K and Kirkland, KJ (2004) Seeding date and polymer seed coating effects on plant establishment and yield of fall-seeded canola in the Northern Great Plains. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, 955–963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, R and Watts, C (2015) Progress and perspectives with cover crops: Interpreting three years of farmer surveys on cover crops. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 70, 125A–129A.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, MSS, Bhagsari, AS and Mohamed, AI (2002) Fresh Green Seed Yield and Seed Nutritional Traits of Vegetable Soybean Genotypes. Crop Science 42, 1950–1958.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regvar, M, Vogel, K, Irgel, N, Wraber, T, Hildebrandt, U, Wilde, P and Bothe, H (2003) Colonization of pennycresses (Thlaspi spp.) of the Brassicaceae by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Journal of Plant Physiology 160, 615–626.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Royo-Esnal, A, Necajeva, J, Torra, J, Recasens, J and Gesch, RW (2015) Emergence of field pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.): Comparison of two accessions and modelling. Industrial Crops and Products 66, 161–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sedbrook, JC, Phippen, WB and Marks, MD (2014) New approaches to facilitate rapid domestication of a wild plant to an oilseed crop: Example pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.). Plant Science 227, 122–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tolrà, R, Pongrac, P, Poschenrieder, C, Vogel-Mikuš, K, Regvar, M and Barceló, J (2006) Distinctive effects of cadmium on glucosinolate profiles in Cd hyperaccumulator Thlaspi praecox and non-hyperaccumulator Thlaspi arvense. Plant and Soil 288, 333–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uchino, H, Iwama, K, Jitsuyama, Y, Yudate, T and Nakamura, S (2009) Yield losses of soybean and maize by competition with interseeded cover crops and weeds in organic-based cropping systems. Field Crops Research 113, 342–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Acker, RC, Swanton, CJ and Weise, SF (1993) The critical period of weed control in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Weed Science 41, 194–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wells, MS, Reberg-Horton, SC, Smith, AN and Grossman, JM (2013) The reduction of plant-available nitrogen by cover crop mulches and subsequent effects on soybean performance and weed interference. Agronomy Journal 105, 539–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wortman, SE (2016) Weedy fallow as an alternative strategy for reducing nitrogen loss from annual cropping systems. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 36, 61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar