Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T23:17:14.114Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Chemical changes under aerobic composting and nutrient supplying potential of banana residue compost

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2007

Venecio U. Ultra Jr ,
Danilo M. Mendoza  and
Angelina M. Briones
Venecio U. Ultra Jr*
Affiliation:
University of Eastern Philippines, Catarman, Northern Samar, Philippines.
Danilo M. Mendoza
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines.
Angelina M. Briones
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines.
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In anticipation of the Philippines being a major producer of organic bananas, this study was conducted to provide a quantitative basis for certain practices in organic farming. The nutrient supplying capacity of banana residues in combination with leguminous materials and chicken manure was investigated in composting studies. Changes in the chemical composition of ten formulations of banana residue-based compost involving leguminous plants (Sesbania rostrata, Flemingia macrophylla, Arachis hypogea) and chicken manure were analyzed periodically during a composting period of 16 weeks. Results showed that combinations of banana residues (BnR) and chicken manure or leguminous plants were highly decomposed compared to untreated BnR. The use of leguminous plants and/or chicken manure enhanced the composting process significantly compared to the effect of Bioquick. The compost piles were characterized by increases in pH, total N and total P, and decreases in total K, total carbon and C/N ratio with time. Notably, BnR+chicken manure attained a C/N ratio of 15 at 4 weeks, while the BnR+leguminous materials reached such a low C/N ratio at 8–16 weeks. An incubation study was conducted under greenhouse conditions for 24 weeks. It was designed to follow the dynamics of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) availability in two clay soils (Antipolo and Lipa) amended with five compost formulations (BnR alone, BnR+Sesbania prunings, BnR+Flemingia prunings, BnR+peanut stover and BnR+chicken manure) and with uncomposted banana residue at an application rate of 20 Mg ha−1. Results showed that net N mineralization occurred in soils amended with BnR+chicken manure and BnR+leguminous materials, which had C/N ratios ranging from 12 to 16. Net N immobilization during the earlier period of incubation was observed in uncomposted and composted banana residues with a C/N ratio of 68 and 24, respectively. Significantly higher net P mineralization was obtained only in soils amended with BnR+chicken manure. An abrupt increase in exchangeable K was observed in all treatments 2 weeks after the incorporation of organic residues. Higher available K in pure BnR treatments (uncomposted or composted) exhibits the inherently high K content of banana residues.

Keywords

aerobic compostingArachis hypogaeabanana residuechemical characteristicsFlemingia macrophyllaorganic farmingSesbania rostrataNPK availability
Type
Research Article
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 20 , Issue 2 , June 2005 , pp. 113 - 125
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1Briones, A.M. 1999. Organic agriculture: facts and myths. Paper presented at the consultative workshop on organic agriculture. PCARRD, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines, 15 December.Google Scholar
2Kopkw, U. 2000. The evaluation of environmentally sound sustainable farming system: Perspective and visions. In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U.(eds). The World Grows Organic: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM, Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. P. 714.Google Scholar
3Hamm, U. and Michelson, J. 2000. Analysis of organic food market in Europe. In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U. (eds). The World Grows Organic: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. p. 907.Google Scholar
4Raviv, M. 2000. Can organic agriculture serve as a model for sustainable agriculture? In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U. (eds). The World Grows Organic: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. p 704.Google Scholar
5Lohr, L., Graf, A. 2000. Organic market exploration in the US. In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U. (eds). Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. p. 687.Google Scholar
6Cosico, W.C. 1999. Potential of organic fertilizers in commercial banana plantations. Professorial Lecture in Soil Science, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines.Google Scholar
7Fabregar, E.T. Jr 1986. Nitrogen and potassium fertilization of banana (Musa sp. cv. Umalag) on Matina sandy clay loam. MS thesis, University of the Philippines Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines.Google Scholar
8Shintani, M. 2000. Organic fertilizer: managing of banana residue with effective microorganisms. In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U. (eds). The World Grows Organic: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. p. 269.Google Scholar
9Sangakkara, U.R., Higa, T. 2000. Kyusei Nature Farming and EM for enhanced sustainable production in organic systems. In Alfaldi, T., Lockeretz, W. and Niggli, U. (eds). The World Grows Organic: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International IFOAM Scientific Conference, 28–31 August. Vdf Hochschulverlag, Zurich. p. 268.Google Scholar
10Cosico, W.C. 1995. Organic fertilizer: The nature, properties of organic matter. Farming System and Soil Resources Institute, CA, UPLB, College, Laguna, Philippines. p. 70–93.Google Scholar
11PCARRD. 1991. Standard Methods of Analysis for Soil, Plant Tissue, Water and Fertilizer. Philippine Council Agricultural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.Google Scholar
12Buchanan, B.B., Gruissem, W., Jones, R.L. 2001. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants. American Society of Plant Physiologists Rockville, Maryland, USA, 738–739.Google Scholar
13Poincelot, R.P. 1972. The Biochemistry and Methodology of Composting The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin.Google Scholar
14Inoko, A. 1979. A rapid test for the check of maturity of city refuse compost using a paper chromatographic method. Journal of Science Soil and Manure, Japan 50: 517–522.Google Scholar
15Inoko, A. 1984. Compost as a Source of Plant Nutrients. IRRI. Organic Matter and Rice, Manila, Philippines. p. 137–146.Google Scholar
16Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 2nd, Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
17Soon, Y.K. and Arshad, M.A. 2004. Tillage and liming effects on crop and labile soil nitrogen in an acid soil. Soil and Tillage Research 80:23–33. Corrected proof available at Web site http//www.sciencedirect.com (verified 22 April 2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18Campbell, C.A., Jame, Y.W., Akinremi, O.O. and Cabrera, M.L. 1995. Adapting the potential mineralization N concept for the prediction of fertilizer N requirements. Fertilizer Research 42: 61–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Manguiat, I.J., Singleton, P.W., Rocamora, P.M., Calo, M.U. and Taleon, E.E. 1997. Effectiveness of Sesbania rostrata and Phaseolus calcaratus as green manure for upland rice grown in acidic soil. Plant Soil 192: 321–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20Boggs, L.C., Pikul, J.L., Vigil, M.F. and Riedell, W.E. 2000. Soil nitrogen mineralization influenced by crop rotation and nitrogen fertilization. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64: 2038–2045.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21Bouldin, D.R. 1988. Effect of green manure on SOM content and nitrogen availability. In IRRI. Green Manuring in Rice Farming. Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable Agriculture, 25–29 May, Manila, Philippines. p. 151–164.Google Scholar
22Deans, J.R., Molina, J.A.E. and Clapp, C.E. 1986. Models for predicting potentially mineralizable nitrogen and decomposition rate constants. Soil Science Society of America Journal 50: 323–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Eghball, B. 2000. Nitrogen mineralization from field-applied beef cattle feedlot manure or compost. Soil Science Society of America Journal 64: 2024–2030.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Schomberg, H.H., Steiner, J.L. and Unger, P.W. 1994. Decomposition and nitrogen dynamics of crop residue: Residue quality and water effects. Soil Science Society of America Journal 58: 372–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Kachaka, S., Vanlauwe, B. Merckx R. 1993. Decomposition and nitrogen mineralization of prunings of different quality. In Mulongoy, K. and Merckx, R. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics and Sustainability of Tropical Agriculture, Wiley-Sayer, United Kingdom. p. 199–208.Google Scholar
26Senesi, N. and Loffredo, E. 1999. The chemistry of soil organic matter. In Sparks, D.L. (ed.). Soil Physical Chemistry. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. p. 239–270.Google Scholar
27Bowman, R.A. and Cole, C.V. 1978. Transformation of organic P substrate in soils as evaluated by NaHCO 3 extraction. Soil Science 125: 49–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28Tate, K.R. 1984. The biological transformation of P in soil. Plant Soil 76: 245–256.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29Oehl, F., Oberson, A., Sinaj, S. and Frossard, E. 2001. Organic phosphorus mineralization studies using isotopic dilution technique. Soil Science Society of America Journal 65: 780–787.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30Tossah, B.K., Vanlauwe, B., Diels, J., Sangunga, N. and Merckx, R. 2000. Decomposition of organic residues of different quality and changes in P-fractions in a low-P soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 88: 15–24.Google Scholar
31Felleca, D., Ramuni, A. and Scialdon, R. 1983. Monthly variation of soluble P in a volcanic ash derived soil as affected by organic and mineral fertilizers. Plant Soil 74: 67–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32Whalen, J.K., Chang, C. and Olson, BM. 2001. Nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization potentials of soils receiving repeated annual cattle manure applications. Biology and Fertility of Soils 34: 334–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33Suwanarit, A. 1991. Potassium dynamics and availability in strongly weathered and highly leached soils in the humid tropics. In Potassium in Asia. IRRI, Manila, Philippines. p. 73–94.Google Scholar