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The use of secondary metabolites extracted from Trichoderma for plant growth promotion in the Andean highlands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2016

Noel Ortuño ,
José Antonio Castillo ,
Claudia Miranda ,
Mayra Claros  and
Ximena Soto
Noel Ortuño
Affiliation:
Fundación PROINPA, Av. Meneces Km 4, El Paso, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
José Antonio Castillo*
Affiliation:
Fundación PROINPA, Av. Meneces Km 4, El Paso, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Claudia Miranda
Affiliation:
Fundación PROINPA, Av. Meneces Km 4, El Paso, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Mayra Claros
Affiliation:
Fundación PROINPA, Av. Meneces Km 4, El Paso, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
Ximena Soto
Affiliation:
Fundación PROINPA, Av. Meneces Km 4, El Paso, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

Agriculture in the Altiplano and Andean Mountains is experiencing threats to sustainability mainly due to intensive cultivation of quinoa driven by international markets. This recent export-oriented production system is causing the degradation of soils and reducing productivity, therefore, agro-technological innovations are necessary to sustain cropping systems while maintaining organic quality (mostly quinoa). In this work, we searched for native Trichoderma species associated with plants from the Andean highlands to obtain an environmentally friendly and organic alternative to chemical fertilizers. We obtained different Trichoderma isolates from quinoa, potato and maize roots and soil, which were identified as Trichoderma harzianum, as well as other species. Twelve of the isolates were cultured in pairs to stimulate the production and secretion of compounds of diverse chemical nature that we called collectively ‘secondary metabolites’ (SMs). Crude extracts of SMs were used to inoculate selected crops to determine their plant growth promoting potential compared with two commercially available controls, chemical fertilizer and a bio-fertilizer. Results showed that SMs significantly promoted lettuce and radish growth and increased quinoa grain yield. Indole acetic acid was detected in all SM extracts that promoted plant growth, suggesting that this plant regulator might be responsible for the plant growth promoting activity. In conclusion, the Trichoderma-derived SMs approach appears to be a promising, simple and accessible technology for small-scale farmers in order to insure the sustainability, affordability and accessibility of food production in the Andes.

Keywords

TrichodermaAndes Mountainsplant growth promotionsecondary metabolitesorganic fertilizer
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 32 , Issue 4 , August 2017 , pp. 366 - 375
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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Footnotes

†

Current address: École Supérieure d´Agriculture d´Angers, 55 Rue Rabelais, 49007 Angers, France.

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