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Maize silage as an energy supplement in organic dairy cow rations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2008

Margit Velik ,
Roswitha Baumung  and
Wilhelm F. Knaus
Margit Velik*
Affiliation:
Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Straβe 33, 1180 Wien, Austria.
Roswitha Baumung
Affiliation:
Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Straβe 33, 1180 Wien, Austria.
Wilhelm F. Knaus
Affiliation:
Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Straβe 33, 1180 Wien, Austria.
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

The literature implicates strongly that including energy supplements in dairy rations based on protein-rich forages increases performance and feed efficiency due to an improved and more balanced ruminal energy and protein supply. Therefore, both conventional and organic dairy farms primarily supplement roughages with concentrates, containing high proportions of cereal grains. However, considering the main principles of sustainable agricultural systems and nutrient cycles, the question of alternatives is raised. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare grain and maize silage as energy sources in organic dairy cow rations. Two grass–clover silage-based diets, offered on an ad libitum basis, were supplemented either with 1 kg grain mixture plus 0.5 kg hay (treatment group G) or 2.1 kg maize silage (treatment group M) on a dry matter (DM) basis. The trial was carried out as a change-over design and lasted for 15 weeks. Intake of concentrates, DM and utilizable crude protein in the duodenum (uCP) were similar in both treatments. However, significant differences between treatments G and M were found for grass–clover silage dry matter intake (DMI) (13.4 versus 12.9 kg), forage DMI (14.6 versus 15.7 kg), crude protein (CP) intake (2885 versus 2801 g), ruminal nitrogen balance (RNB) (40 versus 29 g) and intake of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (7630 versus 7900 g). Milk yield was not affected by treatment, but in treatment M, milk fat content was at 42.4 g kg−1, significantly higher, and milk urea concentration at 19.7 mg 100 ml−1, significantly lower, as compared with treatment G. Efficiency of N use (N in milk in % of N intake) tended to be improved in treatment M. Balances of energy and uCP (intake as a percentage of requirements) were unaffected by treatment.

Keywords

dairy coworganic farmingenergy supplementmaize silageproteinmilk composition
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , June 2008 , pp. 155 - 160
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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