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Vitamins in Spanish food patterns: The eVe Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2001

Javier Aranceta ,
Lluís Serra-Majem ,
Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo ,
Juan Llopis ,
José Mataix ,
Lourdes Ribas ,
Rafael Tojo  and
Josep A Tur
Javier Aranceta*
Affiliation:
Community Nutrition Unit, Department of Public Health, Luis Briñas 18, 4th Floor, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
Lluís Serra-Majem
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Las Palmas, Las Palmas, Spain Research Group in Community Nutrition, Scientific Park of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo
Affiliation:
Community Nutrition Unit, Department of Public Health, Luis Briñas 18, 4th Floor, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
Juan Llopis
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
José Mataix
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
Lourdes Ribas
Affiliation:
Research Group in Community Nutrition, Scientific Park of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Rafael Tojo
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Josep A Tur
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective:

To describe vitamin intakes in Spanish food patterns, identify groups at risk for inadequacy and determine conditioning factors that may influence this situation.

Design:

Pooled-analysis of eight cross-sectional regional nutrition surveys.

Subjects:

Ten thousand two hundred and eight free-living subjects (4728 men, 5480 women) aged 25–60 years. Respondents of population nutritional surveys carried out in eight Spanish regions (Alicante, Andalucía, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Catalunya, Galicia, Madrid and Basque Country) from 1990 to 1998. The samples were pooled together and weighted to build a national random sample.

Methods:

Dietary assessment by means of repeated 24-hour recall using photograph models to estimate portion size. Adjusted data for intra-individual variation were used to estimate the prevalence of inadequate intake. A Diet Quality Score (DQS) was computed considering the risk for inadequate intake for folate, vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin E. DQS scores vary between 0 (good) and 4 (very poor). Influence of lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity) was considered as well.

Results:

Inadequate intakes (<⅔ Recommended Dietary Intake) were estimated in more than 10% of the sample for riboflavin (in men), folate (in women), vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E. More than 35% of the sample had diets classified as poor quality or very poor quality. Factors identified to have an influence on a poor-quality diet were old age, low education level and low socio-economical level. A sedentary lifestyle, smoking, usual consumption of alcohol and being overweight were conditioning factors for a poor-quality diet as well.

Conclusion:

Results from The eVe Study suggest that a high proportion of the Spanish population has inadequate intakes for at least one nutrient and nearly 50% should adjust their usual food pattern towards a more nutrient-dense, healthier diet.

Keywords

Nutrition surveyRecommended IntakesInadequate intakeFood patternsCross-sectional studiesDiet quality
Type
Vitamins in Spanish food patterns
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 4 , Issue 6a , December 2001 , pp. 1317 - 1323
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 2001

References

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