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Accepted manuscript

Secular trends in dietary energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake among Korean children and adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2024

Da-In Sung ,
Yu-Jin Kwon ,
Seok-Jae Heo  and
Ji-Won Lee
Da-In Sung
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Yu-Jin Kwon
Affiliation:
Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
Seok-Jae Heo*
Affiliation:
Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
Ji-Won Lee*
Affiliation:
Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul 06237, Republic of Korea
*
Corresponding authors: Ji-Won Lee, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722, Tel: +82 10 2949 5645, Fax: +82 3462 8209, E-mail: [email protected]; Seok-Jae Heo, Ph.D. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82 10-5560-3251, Email: [email protected]
Corresponding authors: Ji-Won Lee, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722, Tel: +82 10 2949 5645, Fax: +82 3462 8209, E-mail: [email protected]; Seok-Jae Heo, Ph.D. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea, Tel: +82 10-5560-3251, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective:

We aimed to analyze the evolving trends in macronutrient intake and dietary composition among Korean children and adolescents over a 10-year period.

Design:

We utilized cross-sectional data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) spanning the years 2010–2020. Overall, the study included 11,861 participants aged 6–18 years who completed the 24-h dietary recall survey. Subsequently, we assessed trends in energy consumption and macronutrient intake across population subgroups, including age, sex, and obesity status. Survey-weighted linear regression was employed to determine the beta coefficient and p-value for trends in dietary nutrient consumption, treating the survey year as a continuous variable.

Setting:

KNHANES from 2010 to 2020.

Participants:

11,861 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years.

Results:

Total energy intake significantly decreased across the 10-year survey period, with a corresponding decline in the percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates. Conversely, the proportion of energy intake from fat increased during the same period. Subgroup analysis revealed changes in the composition of energy intake across age, sex, and obesity status, with a consistent increase in total fat intake observed across all subgroups. Upon analyzing data on dietary fibers, total sugars, and fat subtypes intake, we found insufficient dietary fiber intake and increased intake of all fat subtypes.

Conclusions:

This study underscores the gradually changing dietary intake patterns among Korean children and adolescents. Our findings revealed that these transitions in dietary nutrient consumption may pose potential risks of diet-related diseases in the future.

Keywords

ChildrenAdolescentsTotal calorieMacronutrientsKorean national survey
Type
Research Paper
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 26
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Authors 2024

Footnotes

†

These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship