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Randomized clinical trial comparing different iodine interventions in school children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Jinkou Zhao ,
Fujie Xu ,
Qinlan Zhang ,
Li Shang ,
Aixiang Xu ,
Yuan Gao ,
Zhigao Chen ,
Kevin M Sullivan  and
Glen F Maberly
Jinkou Zhao*
Affiliation:
Jiangsu Provincial Center for Public Health and Diseases Control, Nanjing, China
Fujie Xu
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
Qinlan Zhang
Affiliation:
Jiangsu Provincial Center for Public Health and Diseases Control, Nanjing, China
Li Shang
Affiliation:
Jiangsu Provincial Center for Public Health and Diseases Control, Nanjing, China
Aixiang Xu
Affiliation:
Nanjing Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Nanjing, China
Yuan Gao
Affiliation:
Nanjing Institute of Schistosomiasis Control, Nanjing, China
Zhigao Chen
Affiliation:
Jiangsu Provincial Center for Public Health and Diseases Control, Nanjing, China
Kevin M Sullivan
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
Glen F Maberly
Affiliation:
Department of International Health, Rollins School of Public health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective

The purpose of this trial was to compare three different iodine interventions.

Design

School children aged 8–10 years were randomized into one of three groups: group A was provided with iodized salt by researchers with an iodine concentration of 25 ppm; group B purchased iodized salt from the market; and group C was similar to group B with the exception that they were given iodized oil capsules containing 400 mg iodine at the beginning of the study. Salt iodine content was measured bimonthly for 18 months and indicators of iodine deficiency were measured at baseline and 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after randomization.

Results

The prevalence of abnormal thyroid volumes, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) body surface area reference > 97th percentile, was 18% at baseline and declined to less than 5% by 12 months in groups A and C, and to 9% after 18 months in group B. Results for goitre by palpation were similar. The median urinary iodine was 94 μgl−1 at baseline and increased in all groups to > 200 μgl−1 at the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions

In this population of school children with initially a low to moderate level of iodine deficiency, the group receiving salt with 25 ppm (group A) was not iodine deficient on all indicators after 18 months of study. When the iodine content of the salt varied, such as in group B, by 18 months thyroid sizes had not yet achieved normal status.

Keywords

Iodine deficiency disordersRandomized trialInterventionIodized saltIodized oilGoitreThyroid volume
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , February 1999 , pp. 173 - 178
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 1999

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