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Impact of Mediterranean diet education versus posted leaflet on dietary habits and serum cholesterol in a high risk population for cardiovascular disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Wanda JE Bemelmans ,
Jan Broer ,
Jeanne HM de Vries ,
Karin Fam Hulshof ,
Jo F May  and
Betty Meyboom-de Jong
Wanda JE Bemelmans*
Affiliation:
Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, Anton Deusinglaan, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands
Jan Broer
Affiliation:
Regional Public Health Service, GGD Groningen, Postbus 584, 9700 AN Groningen, the Netherlands
Jeanne HM de Vries
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition and Epidemiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Postbus 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, the Netherlands
Karin Fam Hulshof
Affiliation:
TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Postbus 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, the Netherlands
Jo F May
Affiliation:
Department of Cardiology, Groningen University Hospital, Postbus 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
Betty Meyboom-de Jong
Affiliation:
Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, Anton Deusinglaan, 9713 AW Groningen, the Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective

To investigate the impact of intensive group education on the Mediterranean diet on dietary intake and serum total cholesterol after 16 and 52 weeks, compared to a posted leaflet with the Dutch nutritional guidelines, in the context of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Design

Controlled comparison study of an intervention group given intensive group education about the Mediterranean diet and a control group of hypercholesterolaemic persons given usual care by general practitioners (GPs).

Setting

A socioeconomically deprived area in the Netherlands with an elevated coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality ratio.

Subjects

Two hundred and sixty-six hypercholesterolaemic persons with at least two other CVD risk factors.

Results

After 52 weeks, the intervention group decreased total and saturated fat intake more than the control group (net differences were 1.8 en% (95%CI 0.2–3.4) and 1.1 en% (95%CI 0.4–1.9), respectively). According to the Mediterranean diet guidelines the intake of fish, fruit, poultry and bread increased in the intervention group, more than in the control group. Within the intervention group, intake of fish (+100%), poultry (+28%) and bread (+6%) was significantly increased after 1 year (P < 0.05). The intensive programme on dietary education did not significantly lower serum cholesterol level more (−3%) than the posted leaflet (−2%) (net difference 0.06 mmol l−1, 95%CI −0.10 to 0.22). Initially, the body mass index (BMI) decreased more in the intervention group, but after 1 year the intervention and control group gained weight equally (+1%).

Conclusions

Despite beneficial changes in dietary habits in the intervention group compared with the control group, after 1 year BMI increased and total fat and saturated fat intake were still too high.

Keywords

Dietary educationSerum cholesterolBody mass indexPrimary preventionCardiovascular diseaseHigh risk approach
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , September 2000 , pp. 273 - 283
Copyright
Copyright © CABI Publishing 2000

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