Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:01:58.891Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Food variety, socioeconomic status and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Koutiala (Mali)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2009

Anne Hatløy ,
Jesper Hallund ,
Modibo M Diarra  and
Arne Oshaug
Anne Hatløy*
Affiliation:
Fafo Institute for Applied Social Science, Box 2947 Tøyen, N-0608 Oslo, Norway:
Jesper Hallund
Affiliation:
Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1958 Fredriksberg C, Denmark:
Modibo M Diarra
Affiliation:
Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Bamako Box 1046, Mali:
Arne Oshaug
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo 0316, Oslo, Norway
*
* Email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between the food variety score (FVS), dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status of children, and to assess the associations between FVS, DDS and socioeconomic status (SES) on a household level. The study also assessed urban and rural differences in FVS and DDS.

Design: Cross-sectional studies in 1994/95, including a simplified food frequency questionnaire on food items used in the household the previous day. A socioeconomic score was generated, based on possessions in the households. Weight and height were measured for all children aged 6–59 months in the households, and anthropometric indices were generated.

Subjects and setting: Three hundred and twenty-nine urban and 488 rural households with 526 urban and 1789 rural children aged 6–59 months in Koutiala County, Sikasso Region, Mali.

Results: Children from urban households with a low FVS or DDS had a doubled risk (OR>2) for being stunted and underweight. Those relations were not found in the rural area. There was an association between SES and both FVS and DDS on the household level in both areas. The FVS and DDS in urban households with the lowest SES were higher than the FVS and DDS among the rural households with the highest SES.

Conclusions: Food variety and dietary diversity seem to be associated with nutritional status (weight/age and height/age) of children in heterogeneous communities, as our data from urban areas showed. In rural areas, however, this association could not be shown. Socioeconomic factors seem to be important determinants for FVS and DDS both in urban and rural areas. FVS and DDS are useful variables in assessing the nutritional situation of households, particular in urban areas.

Keywords

Food VarietyDietary diversitySocioeconomic factorsNutritional statusAnthropometryMaliAfrica
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 57 - 65
Copyright
Copyright © Public Health Nutrition 2000

References

1Ruel, MT, Garrett, JL, Maxwell, D et al. Urban Challenges to Nutrition Security: A Review of Food Security, Health and Care in the Cities. FNCD Discussion Paper No. 51. Washington: International Food Policy Research Institute, 1998.Google Scholar
2Hatløy, A, Torheim, LE, Oshaug, A. Food variety – a good indicator of nutritional adequacy? Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 1998; 52(12): 891–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3Guthrie, HA, Scheer, JC. Validity of a dietary score for assessing nutrient adequacy. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1981; 78: 240–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Schuette, LK, Song, WO, Hoerr, SL. Quantitative use of the food guide pyramid to evaluate dietary intake of college students. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1981; 96(5): 453–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Strohmeyer, SL, Massey, LK, Davison, MA. A rapid dietary screening device for clinics. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1984; 84(4): 428–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6Ries, CP, Daehler, JL. Evaluation of the nutrient guide as a dietary assessment tool. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1986; 86(2): 228–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7FAO/WHO. Preparation and Use of Food-based Dietary Guidelines. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1998.Google Scholar
8Kant, AK, Schatzkin, A, Harris, TB, Ziegler, RG, Block, G. Dietary diversity and subsequent mortality in the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow-up Study [see comments]. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1993; 57(3): 434–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Kant, AK, Schatzkin, A, Ziegler, RG. Dietary diversity and subsequent cause-specific mortality in the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1995; 14(3): 233–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Vecchia, CL, Munoz, SE, Braga, C, Fernandez, E, Decarli, A. Diet diversity and gastric cancer. Int. J. Cancer 1997; 72: 255–7.3.0.CO;2-Q>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Franceschi, S, Favero, A, La, Vecchia C et al. Influence of food groups and food diversity on breast cancer risk in Italy. Int. J. Cancer 1995; 63(6): 785–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Hodgson, JM, Hsu-Hage, B, Wahlqvist, ML. Food variety as a quantitative descriptor of food intake. Ecol. Food Nutr. 1994; 32: 137–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13Bureau Central de Recensement/Direction National de la Statistique et de l'informatique, eds. Recensement General de la Population et de l'habitat. Vol. 3 Region de Sikasso. Bamako, Mali: Ministère du Plan/DNSI, 1990.Google Scholar
14Henderson, RH, Sundaresan, T. Cluster sampling to assess immunization coverage: a review of experiences with a simplified sampling method. Bull. World Health Organ. 1982; 60: 253–60.Google ScholarPubMed
15Oshaug, A, Pedersen, J, Diarra, M, Ag, Bendech M, Hatløy, A. Problems and pitfalls in the use of estimated age in anthropometric measurements of children from 6 to 60 months of age: a case from Mali. J. Nutr. 1994; 124(5): 636– 44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Krebs-Smith, SM, Smiciklas-Wright, H, Guthrie, HA, Krebs-Smith, J.The effects of variety in food choices on dietary quality. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1987; 87(7): 897–902.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Drewnowski, A, Ahlstrom, Henderson S, Driscoll, A,Rolls, BJ. The dietary variety score: assessing diet quality in healthy young and older adults. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1997; 97: 266–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Drewnowski, A, Henderson, SA, Shore, AB, Fischler, C, Preziosi, P, Hercberg, S. Diet quality and dietary diversity in France: implications for the French paradox. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1996; 96(7): 663–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19SPSS 8.0 for Windows [computer program]. Chicago: SPSS Inc, 1997.Google Scholar
20Altman, DG. Practical Statistics for Medical Research, 1st edn. London: Chapman and Hall, 1997.Google Scholar
21Anthro [computer program]. Division of Nutrition, Center for Disease Control in collaboration with Nutrition Unit, World Health Organization, 1989.Google Scholar
22Gwynn, ER, Sanjur, D. Nutritional anthropometry: diet and health-related correlates among preschool children in Bogota, Colombia. Ecol. Food Nutr. 1974; 3: 273–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23Corbett, EL, Butterworth, AE, Fulford, AJC, Ouma, JH, Sturrock, RF. Nutritional status of children with schistosomiasis mansoni in two different areas of Machakos District, Kenya. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1992; 86: 266–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24Leatherman, TL. Health implications of changing agrarian economies in the southern Andes. Hum. Org. 1994; 53(4): 371–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Ferguson, EL, Gibson, RS, Opare-Obisaw, C, Osei-Opare, F, Lamba, C, Ounpuu, S. Seasonal food consumption patterns and dietary diversity of rural preschool Gharuan and Malawian children. Ecol. Food Nutr. 1993; 29: 219–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26Randall, E, Nichaman, MZ, Contant, CF. Diet diversity and nutrient intake. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 1985; 85(7): 830–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed