Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T20:29:27.621Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Correlates of diet quality in the Quebec population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Isabelle Huot
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Gilles Paradis*
Affiliation:
Direction de la Santé Publique de Montréal-Centre, 1301 Sherbrooke Street East, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaH2L 1M3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Olivier Receveur
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Marielle Ledoux
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Objective:

To determine the correlates of a high-fat diet in urban, suburban and rural areas of Quebec, Canada.

Design:

A secondary analysis of data collected as part of a 5-year multi-factorial, multi-setting, community-intervention project.

Setting:

Urban, suburban and rural settings of the province of Quebec, 1997.

Subjects:

Data were analysed from a sample of 5214 participants (2227 males, 2987 females). A food-frequency questionnaire was completed and a global index of food quality was calculated. Logistic regression was used to identify correlates of a diet high in total fats, saturated fat and cholesterol.

Results:

In both genders, lower level of education, smoking status, French and English languages compared with other languages spoken at home, and a rural environment were associated with poor diet quality. Having no intention to eat low-fat dairy products more often was associated with a high-fat diet. In men, obesity (body mass index >30 kg m−2) and absence of reported health problems were correlates of a high-fat diet, while, in women, lower physical activity was a correlate.

Conclusions:

Future health interventions in Quebec should target people with low education, smokers and those living in a rural environment. Obese men and sedentary women should have access to specific dietetic resources.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2004

References

1Santé Québec. Santé-Québec: Les Québécoises et les Québécois mangent-ils mieux? Rapport de l'Enquête 304 Québécoise sur la Nutrition. Montreal: Ministère de la Santé et des Services Sociaux, Gouvernement de Québec, 1990; 304.Google Scholar
2Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. The Growing Burden of Heart Disease and Stroke in Canada 2003. Ottawa: Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, 2003.Google Scholar
3Gans, KM, Assmann, SF, Sallar, A, Lasater, TM. Knowledge of cardiovascular disease prevention: an analysis from two New England communities. Preventive Medicine 1999; 29(4): 229–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4Fraser, GE, Welch, A, Luben, R, Bingham, SA, Day, NE. The effect of age, sex and education on food consumption of a middle-aged English cohort – EPIC in East Anglia. Preventive Medicine 2000; 30(1): 2634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5Shea, S, Melnik, TA, Stein, AD, Zansky, SM, Maylahn, C, Basch, CE. Age, sex, educational attainment, and race/ethnicity in relation to consumption of specific foods contributing to the atherogenic potential of diet. Preventive Medicine 1993; 22(2): 203–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6Gillman, MW, Pinto, BM, Tennstedt, S, Glanz, K, Marcus, B, Fiedman, RH. Relationships of physical activity with dietary behaviors among adults. Preventive Medicine 2001; 32(3): 295301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Shea, S, Stein, AD, Basch, CE, Lantigua, R, Maylahn, C, Strogatz, DS, et al. Independent associations of educational attainment and ethnicity with behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Epidemiology 1991; 134(6): 567–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Rakowski, W, Lefebvre, RC, Assaf, AR, Lasater, TM, Carleton, RA. Health practice correlates in three adult age groups: results from two community surveys. Public Health Reports 1990; 105(5): 481–91.Google ScholarPubMed
9Van Rossum, CTM, van de Mheen, H, Witteman, JCM, Grobbee, E, Mackenbach, JP. Education and nutrient intake in Dutch elderly people. The Rotterdam Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000; 54(2): 159–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Kushi, LH, Folsom, AR, Jacobs, DR, Luepker, RV, Elmer, PJ, Blackburn, H. Educational attainment and nutrient consumption patterns: The Minnesota Heart Survey. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1988; 88(10): 1230–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Dallongeville, J, Marecaux, N, Cottel, D, Bingham, A, Amouyel, P. Association between nutritional intake in middle-aged men from Northern France. Public Health Nutrition 2001; 4(1): 2733.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Wardle, J, Parmenter, K, Waller, J. Nutrition knowledge and food intake. Appetite 2000; 34(3): 269–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13Emmons, KM, Marcus, BH, Linnan, L, Rossi, JS, Abrams, DB. Mechanisms in multiple risk factor interventions: smoking, physical activity and dietary fat intake among manufacturing workers. Preventive Medicine 1994; 23(4): 481–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Higginbotham, N, Heading, G, McElduff, P, Dobson, A, Heller, R. Reducing coronary heart disease in the Australian Coalfields: evaluation of a 10-year community intervention. Social Science & Medicine 1999; 48(5): 683–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15Huot, I, Paradis, G, Ledoux, M. Effects of the Quebec Heart Health Demonstration Project on adult dietary behaviours. Preventive Medicine 2004; 38: 137–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Groth, MV, Fagt, S, Brändsted, L. Social determinants of dietary habits in Denmark. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2001; 55(11): 959–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17Lynch, JW, Kaplan, GA, Salonen, JT. Why do poor people behave poorly? Variation in adult health behaviours and psychosocial characteristics by stages of the socioeconomic lifecourse. Social Science & Medicine 1997; 44(6): 809–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Pomerleau, J, Pederson, LL, Ostbye, T, Speechley, M, Speechley, KN. Health behaviours and socio-economic status in Ontario, Canada. European Journal of Epidemiology 1997; 13(6): 613–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19Marmot, M, Ryff, CD, Bumpass, LL, Shipley, M, Marks, NF. Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. Social Science & Medicine 1997; 44(6): 901–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20Hjartaker, A, Lund, E. Relationship between dietary habits, age, lifestyle, and socio-economic status among adult Norwegian women. The Norwegian Women and Cancer Study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1998; 52(8): 565–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Braam, LAJLM, Ocke, MC, Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita, H, Seidell, JC. Determinants of obesity-related underreporting of energy intake. American Journal of Epidemiology 1998; 147(11): 1081–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22Krondl, MM, Lau, D. Acculturation of food habits in health and cultures. In: Masi, R, Mensah, L, McLeod, KA, eds. Exploring the Relationships. Policies, Professional Practice and Education. Vol. I. Oakville, ON: Mosaic Press, 1993; 345 pp.Google Scholar
23Polednak, AP. Use of selected high-fat foods by Hispanic adults in the northeastern US. Ethnicity and Health 1997; 2(1–2): 71–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24Guendelman, S, Abrams, B. Dietary intake among Mexican-American women: generational differences and a comparison with white non-Hispanic women. American Journal of Public Health 1995; 85(1): 20–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25Shatenstein, B, Ghadirian, P. Influences on diet, health behaviours and their outcome in select ethnocultural and religious groups. Nutrition 1998; 14: 223–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26Wright, CA. Preliminary survey of attitudes to, and factors affecting, perceived success or failure among adults attending a hospital lipid clinic. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 1994; 7(2): 153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Schafer, RB, Keith, PM, Schafer, E. Predicting fat in diets of marital partners using the health belief model. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 1995; 18(5): 419–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28Miyanaga, M. Effects of food intake, dietary habits and lifestyle on health status as determined by clinical blood tests of adult men. Japanese Journal of Public Health 1992; 39(7): 428–36.Google Scholar
29Johansson, L, Thelle, DS, Solvoll, K, Bjorneboe, GEA, Drevon, CA. Healthy dietary habits in relation to social determinants and lifestyle factors. British Journal of Nutrition 1999; 81: 211–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30McPhillips, JB, Eaton, CB, Gans, KM, Derby, CA, Lasater, TM, McKenny, JL, et al. Dietary differences in smokers and nonsmokers from two southeastern New England communities. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1994; 94(3): 287–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31Eaton, CB, McPhillips, JB, Gans, KM, Garber, CE, Assaf, AR, Lasater, TM, et al. Cross-sectional relationship between diet and physical activity in two southeastern New England communities. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 1995; 11(4): 238–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32Ajzen, I, Fishbein, M. Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1980.Google Scholar
33Morgan, K, Armstrong, GK, Huppert, FA, Brayne, C, Solomou, W. Healthy ageing in urban and rural Britain: a comparison of exercise and diet. Age and Ageing 2000; 29(4): 341–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34Scali, J, Richard, A, Gerber, M. Diet profiles in a population sample from Mediterranean southern France. Public Health Nutrition 2001; 4(2): 173–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35Willett, WC. Nutritional Epidemiology. Monographs in Epidemiology and Biostatistics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990; 396 pp.Google Scholar
36Ammerman, AS, Haines, PS, DeVellis, RF, Strogatz, DS, Keyserling, TC, Simpson, RJ Jr, et al. A brief dietary assessment to guide cholesterol reduction in low-income individuals: design and validation. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 1991; 91: 1385–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37Feinleib, M. New directions for community intervention studies [Editorial]. American Journal of Public Health 1996; 86(12): 1696–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38Fortmann, SP, Flora, JA, Winkleby, MA, Schooler, C, Taylor, CB, Farquhar, JW. Community intervention trials: reflections on the Stanford Five-City Project Experience. American Journal of Epidemiology 1995; 142(6): 576–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed